Professional Documents
Culture Documents
SPECIAL AND
INCLUSIVE EDUCATION
CHAPTER 4
REPORTERS
ACCOMMODATIONS
AND CURRICULAR
03 PLACEMENT 04 MODIFICATIONS
A. Accommodations
B. Modifications
PARENT
05 INVOLVEMENT
A. Home School Communication
B. Other Ways to Involve Parents
OBJECTIVES:
Don't
f orget
Determination
of Teaching • Small-group instruction
areas and • Direct instruction
strategies
Evaluation of
Teaching • Determine effectiveness of programs on learning
program and behavior.
02 ASSESSMENT
Assessment is the process of collecting information
about a child’s strengths and needs. It uses a problem-
solving process that involves a systematic collection
as well as interpretation of data gathered (Salvia et al.
2013).
A. ASESSMENT PURPOSE
• Assessment has a variety of purpose in special and inclusive education.
• There are a variety of assessment methods that regular and special education
teachers can use. This section covers the following: (1) interviews, (2)
observations, (3) checklists or rating scales, and (4) tests.
B. Methods of Assessment
● Authentic Assessment. The use of tests, whether formal or informal, is only one
method of assessment.
An example of authentic assessment is observation of young students as they interact with
family members, peers, and objects in naturally occurring activities across settings (e.g,
home, school, playground, etc.) and routines.
B. Methods of Assessment
• Turnbull and Turnbull (2002 cited in Kirk et al. 2015) provided the
principles of a family-centered model: (1) honors the family choice
by changing the power relationship between professional and
families, (2) abandons a pathology orientation and adopts a strengths
orientation, and (3) where the entire family becomes the unit of
support and not just the child with a disability and the child's mother.
• Educational support and collaboration with teachers have been found
to promote child success in school (Reschly & Christenson 2009).
A. HOME SCHOOL COMMUNICATION
REFERENCE:
From the book of Foundations of
Special and Inclusive Education