INTRODUCTION TO

CHEMISTRY

GENERAL AND ORGANIC CHEMISTRY

How Important is Chemistry in your daily life?
WHAT IS CHEMISTRY?
 DEFINITION

CHEMISTRY - is a branch of
Science which deals with the study
of matter, its compositions,
structures, properties, changes it
undergo and energy involve.
 Compositions – refer to the components of matter.

Compositions of table salt ( NaCl - sodium

chloride)
1 atom of Sodium ( Na )
1 atom of chlorine ( Cl )

Composition of water (O ) - dihydrogen oxide)

2 atoms of hydrogen ( H )
1 atom of oxygen ( O )
CO2 - carbon dioxide
C - monoatomic O2 - diatomic
CO2 - compound
 Structure - refers to the arrangement of electrons in a
chemical Bonds
octet rule

Structure of NaCl
Structure of water
 Properties of Matter

Properties of matter include any traits that

can be measured, such as an object’s
density, color, mass, volume, etc.
CHEMICAL CHANGE
Chemical Reaction
 Other symbols in chemical equations
(s) = solid
(l) = liquid
(g) = gas
(aq) = aqueous solution (the substance is dissolved
in H2O)
“+” separates two or more reactants or products
“” yield sign separates reactants from products
EXAMPLE OF CHEMICAL REACTION shown in
a Chemical Equation

H2 (g) + O2 (g)  H2O (l)

2H2 (g) + 1O2 (g)  2H2O (l)

DIATOMIC ELEMENTS
O, N, H, F, Br, Cl, I
 STATES OF MATTER

1. Solid
2. Liquid
3. Gases
4. Plasma
5. Bose Einstein Condensate, BEC