Seperation processes

filtration , decantation and sedimentation

Filtration
Filtration is a physical or chemical separation
process that separates solid matter and fluid
from a mixture using a filter medium that has a
complex structure through which only the fluid
can pass.
Let’s look at an experiment on filtration
Experiment
METHOD:
1.Use a rubber band to secure the filter paper
to the mouth of the bottle with its bottom cut
off. Put it upside down in the beaker.
2.Pour the pebbles into the bottle. Then pour
the coarse sand on top of the pebbles and the
fine sand on top of the coarse sand.
3.Carefully pour about two liters of clean tap
water through, being careful not to disturb the
top layer of sand. Pour the rinsed water out of
the beaker.
4.Once all the water has passed through the
filter , compare the filtered water. How do they
look and smell different?
We can conclude that:
In the water filter we created was a success. We were
able to create a water filter with our hands that was able
to filter the dirty water from to clearer water.
 Decantation
Decantation is the process of separation of liquid
from solid and other immiscible (non-mixing)
liquids, by removing the liquid layer at the top
from the layer of solid or liquid below. The
process can be carried out by tilting the mixture
after pouring out the top layer. This process can
also be used to separate two liquids that do not
mix with each other for e.g., oil and water.
 Sedimentation
Sedimentation is the tendency for particles in suspension
to settle out of the fluid in which they are entrained and
come to rest against a barrier. This is due to their motion
through the fluid in response to the forces acting on them:
these forces can be due to gravity, centrifugal
acceleration, or electromagnetism.
Lets look at the live experiment of these separation methods….

Sedimentation and decantion

Thank you!!
Done by:
Ananya & Akhila