POLARITY

OF
MOLECULES
OBJECTIVES:
At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:

• Determine if a molecule is polar or nonpolar given its

structure.
• Compare the electronegativity of different elements.
Does water mix
with oil?
Oils and fats do not dissolve in water.

Dish washing liquid breaks the

bonds of atoms in oil.
POLARITY

Equal or unequal sharing

of electrons among the
atoms of a molecule.
POLAR NON - POLAR
NEUTRAL MOLECULE:

# OF PROTONS = # OF ELECTRONS
Non – Polar Molecules Polar Molecules
 POLAR MOLECULE

• There is unequal or
asymmetrical distribution of
electrons among the atoms of a
molecule.
Molecular
Structure of
Oxygen

Valence Electron or
outermost electron
Oxygen needs 2 more
electron to become
stable
ELECTRONEGATIVITY

• Relative ability of an atom to

draw electrons in a bond toward
itself.

This concept was first introduced

by Linus Pauling in the early 19th
century.
NON - POLAR
MOLECULE
 No partial charge
No dipole moment

equal ability to attract

Determining Polarity Based on
Electronegativity
A. Read the questions carefully. Write your answer in a
one whole sheet of paper.

1. How do you differentiate polar and nonpolar

molecules?
2. Why are charges in polar molecules only
“partial” charges?
B. Classify each molecule as polar or nonpolar.
MOLECULES POLAR OR NON-POLAR
1. Cl2
2. CH4
3. BeCl2
4. BrF5
5. H2S