BIRLA VISHVAKARMA MAHAVIDYALAYA

ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

4EE33 : Project Stage II

Power system analysis using PSCAD

Group Members: Guided By:

Parmar Hardeep(18EE004) Prof. Ajay M. patel
Chaudhari jainish(18EE031) Department of Electrical Engg
Solanki Mihir(18EE033) BVM Engineering College
Stepped characteristic of Distance Relay:-

Zone3 (220%)
Zone2( 150%)
Zone 1(80%)

R1 R2 R3

Bus1 Bus 2 Bus 3

Section 1 Section 2
 INTRODUCTION
• Distance relay has three zone of protection
• Zone 1: 0- 80% of transmission line
relay operate instantaneously
• Zone 2: 80% to 150% of transmission line
relay operate preset time delay(3.5ms)
• Zone 3: 150% to 220% of transmission line
relay operate preset time delay(1sec)
Obtain 3 zone settings for a mho relay of 60° MTA from the
following data:
• CT 400/1 A
• PT 132 kV/110 V
• Impedance for the first section is 2.5 + j 5.0 ohms (primary)
• Impedance for the second section is 3.5 + j 7.0 ohms (primary)
• The first zone covers 80% of the first section
• The second zone covers the first section plus 30% of the second section
• The third zone covers the first section plus 120% of the second section
 Simulation Model

Bus 2
Bus1 Bus3 Bus 4
400/1 A
2.5 + j 5 Ω 3.5 + j 7 Ω
G CT CB
Transformer
Generator 11/132KV
P +jQ
100MW
PT R
25MVR

132KV/110V
Calculations:-
• Impedance of first line section = 2.5 + j 5 (primary)
= 5.59 ∕ 63.43 ohms
• Impedance of second section = 3.5 + j 7 (primary)
= 7.82 63.43 ohms
• Impedance of first zone Z1 = 0.8 × 5.59 –63.43 ohms
= 4.472 63.43 ohms (primary)
• Impedance of second zone Z2 = 5.59 63.43 + 0.3 × 7.82 63.43 ohms
= 7.936 63.43 ohms (primary)
• Impedance of third zone Z3 = 5.59 63.43 + 1.2 × 7.82 63.43 ohms
= 14.97 63.43 ohms (primary)
These impedances are to be transferred to the relay side because the relay receives
transformed juices of current and voltage.
Z1 (secondary) = (CTR/PTR) × Z1 (primary),
Now,for mho Relay,
K1 =
= = 1.49
K2 = 2.645Ω
K3 = 5Ω
Simulation Model:-
Rab
R1
Xab

𝑉𝑏 −𝑉𝑐 Rbc
R2
𝐼𝑏− 𝐼𝑐 Xbc

Rca
Vsabc FFT BLOCK R3 Trip
Xca Z1(0.01 sec)
Z2(0.45Sec)
Rag
R4 Z3(1 sec)
Isabc Xag
FFT BLOCK  
Rbg
Xbg R5

Rcg
Xcg R6
L–G Fault : -
(60% )
Zone Tripping
Signal :-
L-L Fault :-
(60%)
Zone Tripping
Signal:-
LL –G Fault :-
(60%)
Zone Tripping
Signal :-
L L L Fault:-
(60%)
Zone Tripping
Signal :-
Tripping
Signals :-
L-G Fault :-
(80%)
Zone Tripping
Signal:-
L L Fault:-
(80%)
Zone Tripping
Signal:-
LL G Fault :-
(80%)
Zone Tripping
Signal:-
L L L Fault :-
(80%)
Zone Tripping
Signal
Tripping
Signals :-
L –G Fault :-
(200%)
Zone Tripping
Signal:-
L L Fault:-
(200%)
Zone Tripping
Signal:-
LL G Fault:-
Zone Tripping
Signal:-
L L L Fault:-
Zone tripping
Signal:-
Tripping Signals:-
Simulation Model 2 :-
Bus 2
Bus1 Bus3
400/1 A
CT 2.5 + j 5 Ω 3.5 + j 7 Ω
G1 CB1
1
Transformer
R2

CB2
11/KV

PT P +jQ
R1 200MW
1 CT
400/1 A

PT
50MVR 132KV/110V

2
2
132KV/110V
Bus 4

G2