TRAINING WRITESHOP ON THE CRAFTING OF THE

DIVISION UNIFIED ACHIEVEMENT TEST IN ALL SUBJECT

AREAS

HOTS and LOTS April 20, 2022

(Higher Order Thinking Skills & Lower Order Thinking Skills

OMAR O. TY
Facilitator -
Northern Samar Division
 OBJECTIVES
- Prepare to develop test items that should match with the
instructional objectives appropriately and accurately via
HOTS and LOTS

- Connect discussion with the general principles of testing, the

different qualities of assessment tools, steps in developing
assessment tools, format of table of specifications, and
different types of classroom assessment tools emphasizing
Technical Specs in writing the DUAT
 Any thought

about

LOTS and HOTS?

The Lower Order Thinking Skills (LOTS)
involve memorization,

Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS)

requires understanding and applying
that knowledge
A scientifically proven fact is… “ The more skillful you are
at Lower Order Thinking, the more capable you become at
Higher Order Thinking”.
 Examples of Multiple-choice Items

1. Knowledge Level
The most stable measure(s) of central tendency is
the __________________.

a. Mean
b. Mean and Median
c. Median
d. Mode
 This kind of question is a knowledge
level type because the students are
required only to recall the properties of
the mean. The correct answer is option
A.
2. Comprehension Level
Which of the following statements describes
normal distribution?
A.The mean is greater than the median.
B.The mean median and mode are equal.
C.The scores are more concentrated at the other
part of the distribution.
D.Most of the scores are high.
 This kind of question is a
comprehension level type because the
students are required to describe the
scores that are normally distributed.
The correct answer is option B.
3. Application Level
What is the standard deviation of the following scores of
10 students in mathematics quiz, 10, 13, 16, 16, 17, 19, 20,
20, 20, 25?

A.3.90
B.3.95
C.4.20
D.4.25
 This kind of question is an application
level because the students are asked to
apply the formula and solve for the
variance . The correct answer is option
C.
4. Analysis Level
What is the statistical test used when you test the
mean difference between pre-test and post-test?

A.Analysis of variance
B.T-test
C.Correlation
D.Regression analysis
 This kind of question is an example
of analysis level type because
students are required to distinguish
which type of test is used. The
correct answer is option B.
 Outcomes Sample Verbs Sample Questions
Interpreting Convert, draw, Summarize briefly the
estimates, illustrate, content of the second
interpret, restate, SONA of President
summarize, translate Benigno C. Aquino, Jr.
 SUPPLY TYPE OR SUBJECTIVE TYPE OF TEST
ITEMS

Outcomes Sample Verbs Sample

Questions
Inferring Derive, draw, Using the facts
estimate, presented, what
extend, predict, is most likely to
propose, relate happen
when………?
 SUPPLY TYPE OR SUBJECTIVE TYPE OF TEST
ITEMS
Outcomes Sample Verbs Sample
Questions
Applying Arrange, Solve the solution
compute, set of the
describe, equation
illustrate, relate, x²+5x-24=0 using
summarize, solve factoring
method.
 SUPPLY TYPE OR SUBJECTIVE TYPE OF TEST
ITEMS
Outcomes Sample Verbs Sample
Questions
Analyzing Break down, List and describe
describe, the
differentiate, characteristics of
divide, list, a good
outline assessment
instrument.
 SUPPLY TYPE OR SUBJECTIVE TYPE OF TEST
ITEMS
Outcomes Sample Verbs Sample Questions
Creating Compose, design, Formulate a
draw, formulate, hypothesis about
list, present, make the problem
up “Mathematics
attitude and
competency levels
of the education
students of U.E.”
 SUPPLY TYPE OR SUBJECTIVE TYPE OF TEST
ITEMS

Outcomes Sample Verbs Sample

Questions
Synthesizing Arrange, Design a scoring
combine, guide in
construct, evaluating
design, relate, portfolio
group assessment.
 SUPPLY TYPE OR SUBJECTIVE TYPE OF TEST
ITEMS

Outcomes Sample Verbs Sample

Questions
Generalizing Construct, Explain the
develop, explain, function of
formulate, make, assessment of
state learning.
 SUPPLY TYPE OR SUBJECTIVE TYPE OF TEST
ITEMS
Outcomes Sample Verbs Sample Questions
Evaluating Appraise, criticize, Describe the
defend, describe, strengths and
evaluate, explain, weaknesses of using
judge, rate, write performance-based
assessment in
evaluating the
performance of the
students.