Flower

The reproductive part of

the plant
Done by Raneem Muatasim
Class : 8B
Subject : Biology
Parts of the flower
• Peduncle: The stalk of a flower.
• Receptacle: The part of a flower stalk where the parts of the flower are attached.
• Sepal: The outer parts of the flower (often green and leaf-like) that enclose a
developing bud.
• Petal: The parts of a flower that are often conspicuously colored.
• Stamen: The pollen producing part of a flower, usually with a slender filament supporting the anther.
• Anther: The part of the stamen where pollen is produced.
• Pistil: The ovule producing part of a flower. The ovary often supports a long style, topped by a stigma.
The mature ovary is a fruit, and the mature ovule is a seed.
• Stigma: The part of the pistil where pollen germinates.
• Ovary: The enlarged basal portion of the pistil where ovules are produced.
Pollination
• Pollination is the act of transferring pollen grains from the male 
anther of a flower to the female stigma. The goal of every living
organism, including plants, is to create offspring for the next
generation. One of the ways that plants can produce offspring is by
making seeds. Seeds contain the genetic information to produce a new
plant.
Types of pollination
Self – pollination
• Self-pollination occurs when
the pollen from the anther is
deposited on the stigma of the
same flower, or another flower
on the same plant.
Cross pollination
• Cross-pollination is the
transfer of pollen from the
anther of one flower to the
stigma of another flower on a
different individual of the same
species.
Insect and wind pollination
• Wind pollinated flowers
• The stamens are long and visible
out of petals.
• The anthers are often seen being
supported outside the flower
• Insect pollinated flowers
• Stamens
• Stamens may be small and
hidden inside petals.
• Anther
• The anthers are found deep
inside the flower.
Fertilization

• Fertilization in flowering plants happens through a process called

pollination. Pollination occurs when pollen grains from the anther land
on a stigma. ... Fertilization occurs when one of the sperm cells fuses
with the egg inside of an ovule. After fertilization occurs, each ovule
develops into a seed.
Seed germination

• Germination is the process by which an organism grows from a seed

or similar structure. The term is applied to the sprouting of a seedling
from a seed of an angiosperm or gymnosperm, the growth of a
sporeling from a spore, such as the spores of fungi, ferns, bacteria, and
the growth of the pollen tube from the pollen grain of a seed plant.
Seed dispersal

• Seed dispersal is the movement, spread or transport of seeds away

from the parent plant. Plants have limited mobility and rely upon a
variety of dispersal vectors to transport their propagules, including
both abiotic vectors such as the wind and living (biotic) vectors like
birds.