BIOSECURITY

&
DISINFECTION
 Biosecurity

is the key to the prevention of infection

and the prevention of spread
 What does biosecurity mean
in the poultry industry?

• Biosecurity means security against biological

agents and specifically
• against infectious biological agents. These
biological agents include
• bacteria, viruses, protozoa, fungi, parasites,
and any other agents
• capable of introducing an infectious disease
into a poultry flock.
• Why is biosecurity important for the poultry
industry?
• Who is responsible for biosecurity on poultry
farms?
• Everyone who works directly or indirectly with
the industry is responsible for biosecurity
measures
 PROFIT versus LOSS
• A flock receiving good health
security care is a delight and
a source of both pride and
profit.

Failure to concentrate on planned disease

prevention often leads to personal
disappointment and sometimes disastrous
financial loss.
 Components of a practical
biosecurity program
• Prevent entry of contagious diseases onto the
farm premises
• 1. Construct poultry houses to prevent the
entry of rodents, other vermin, wild birds, and,
to the extent that it is possible, flies and insects.
• 2. Construct buildings so that they are easily
cleaned and can be effectively disinfected when
needed.
• 3. Limit the entry of nonessential visitors.
Make sure that those involved in the day-to-
day activities of the farm (service personnel,
delivery personnel, utility personnel,
veterinarians) have appropriate coveralls, boot
covers, gloves, and masks.
• vehicles should be disinfected before and right
after leaving the premises, and they should be
parked as far away as possible from the farm
buildings.
• 4. The equipment and supplies used by all the
abovementioned personnel should be cleaned
and disinfected.
• 5. A visitor log-in system is a good idea
because it lets a farmer know where visitors
are coming from.
• 6. All commercial poultry producers should
avoid contact with wild birds, waterfowl,
backyard flocks, game birds, ratites, and live
bird markets.
• 7. Make sure that all birds are obtained from
disease-free stock.
• 8. Feed and water can bring in infectious
agents. Make sure you have good-quality feed
and water.
 Highest risk units and movements
• Any farm to farm movement (live to live is worst)
– Egg collection teams
– Egg Trucks making multiple pickups
– Feed Trucks making multiple deliveries
– Feed Trucks moving feed between farms
– Vaccination teams
– Vehicles collecting birds for slaughter?
– Fallen stock collections

• Sites where vehicles and personnel mix

– Hatcheries (very dangerous because live animals
spread out from these)
– Egg packing stations
– Slaughterhouses
– Feed mills
 Farm to farm movements

When personnel, vehicle or equipment leave or enter a farm, the farm may
be in one of disease risk four statuses:

Live: There are live birds present at the end of the visit

Dead: Live birds are present at the start of the visit but they
are all killed during the visit

Empty dirty: No live birds are present but the farm has not
undergone full cleansing and disinfection

Empty clean: The farm has no live or dead birds, has undergone
full cleansing and disinfection and is ready to receive
new birds

It is the combination of these statuses in the farm left and the farms entered
next that identifies the level of risk of disease transmission
 In the case of an outbreak

• STOP all movement of live animals between farms

• STOP all live / dead / empty dirty to live movements
• STOP all contact between animals on neighbouring farms
• STOP all movements of live animals to markets
• STOP all movements of vehicles between farms (farm to farm)
• STOP night time movements
• MINIMISE vehicle movements
• SINGLE DROP OFF movements only
• RECORD all movements
• CONTROL access to farms
• SEGREGATE clean and dirty vehicles, equipment and personnel
• C&D repeatedly, both clean and dirty
POULTRY DISEASES
• How Microorganisms Spread
• transporting equipment, trucks, tractors and
other farm equipment
• Humans and animals are also important ways
of transporting disease causing organisms
• Keep Visitors to a Minimum
• Limit Visitations to Other Poultry Farms
• Practice Sound Rodent and Pest Control
Programs
There are two principal methods

Prevent contamination: Separation

Remove contamination: Decontamination

Why Should Cleaning & Sanitizing
Be Carried Out As Two Steps?

• The presence of any residual soil can

chemically or physically impair the
efficacy of sanitizers

• Soil may shield microorganisms from

the necessary direct contact with the
sanitizers
Understanding Microbial Control
• Sterilization - The
destruction of all infective
and reproductive forms of
microorganisms (bacteria,
fungi,virus, etc.).
• Disinfection - The
destruction of all
vegetative forms of
microorganisms. Spores are
not destroyed
• Sanitation - The reduction
of pathogenic organism
numbers to a level at which
they do not pose a disease
threat to their host.
 The Enemy
Staphylococcus E.coli

Cocci Rod-Shaped
Bacteria Bacteria
 Pathogens
cause

• Illness / Disease / Death

Staphylococcus aureus
Salmonella
Clostridium
Mycoplasma
Gumboro
Mareks
YouTube- Bio-security on Canadian Chicken Farms.mp4
YouTube- Biosecurity Video, Chapter 1B.mp4
YouTube- Biosecurity Video, Chapter 3.mp4
YouTube- House Cleanning.mp4