Poultry Pest And

Diseases and Control

By: Lirio L. Licaycay
 Poultry
• Poultry production is an essential industry in
Philippine agriculture. Almost every fast food,
restaurant, and eatery around you surely serves
chicken and eggs, an integral part of the daily
Filipino diet. This is why commercial poultry farms
all over the country produced at least 1.81 million
metric tons of liveweight chicken in 2020 alone.
Poultry Pest And Control
• Poultry operations can be infested by flies, mites,
lice, bed bugs, fleas, beetles, red imported fire ants,
chiggers and gnats. But by implementing integrated
pest control measures, producers can minimize the
damage from these pests.
Different kinds of Poultry Pest
1. Flies
The shift from many small farm flocks to fewer
large poultry operations has greatly increased fly
problems by creating concentrated breeding areas
and large amounts of waste that are costly to be
removed often.
HOUSE FLIES
How to Control Flies
• Cultural control
• The most effective way to control flies is by manure
management.
• Drying manure is preferred because once dried it
will occupy less space, usually has less odor and is
more easily transported off-site.
How to Control Flies
• Water Management
• Prevent dysentery by keeping the water clean.
• Sanitation
• Quickly remove and dispose of dead birds and
broken eggs.
• Immediately clean up and dispose of feed spills and
manure spills, especially if they are wet.
• Clean out weed-choked water drainage ditches.
Mites
• The northern fowl mite, or feather mite,
Ornithonyssus sylviarum, is a very important
external parasite of poultry.
• chicken mite, Dermanyssus gallinae, sucks blood
from poultry at night and remains secluded in
cracks and crevices during the day. Poultry workers
entering poultry houses at night may be readily
bitten by these mites as well. When the mites are
numerous, weight gains and egg production can be
reduced.
MITES
• The depluming mite burrows into the skin at the
base of the feathers on the back, on top of the
wings, around the vent and on the breast and
thighs. It causes intensive itching, often resulting in
feather pulling. The fowls may lose feathers over
large areas of the body. The infestations are
especially noticeable in spring and summer; they
may disappear in autumn.
How to Control Mites
• If you detect the mites early, you may need to treat
only some of the caged layers. Each week, monitor
at least 10 randomly selected birds from each cage
row in the entire house.
 Common Poultry
Diseases, Signs and
Control
Avian influenza
• AI, also known as “bird flu,” is a highly contagious
viral disease that can infect several species of
domesticated birds (chickens, turkeys, quails,
guinea fowls, etc.).
• Signs
• Avian influenza can present many signs in birds,
from minor disease (with little or no clinical signs)
to disease that can quickly become fatal and lead to
a serious epidemic.
BIRD FLU
• Signs
• The death rate can then reach 100% in less than 2
days. Strains that are highly pathogenic can lead to
serious respiratory disease on humans.
• Transmission
• Virus transmission between birds occurs mainly by
direct contact (respiratory secretion and fecal
material), but can also be indirect (by food or
contaminated water, bird droppings carrying the
virus, and contaminated materials).
Newcastle disease (ND)
• Newcastle disease is an acute, virulent, and very
contagious disease that mainly affects
domesticated or wild birds, but also humans.
• Signs
• ND is a worldwide issue that is mainly characterized
by a respiratory disease, but depression, nervous
signs, or diarrhea can be dominant clinical signs.
Newcastle
disease (ND)
• Transmission
• The virus is spread by droppings, expectoration, and
oral secretions. The contamination can be by direct
or indirect (insects, wild birds, humans, materials)
contact. Newcastle disease is a major health issue in
poultry breeding as it has a mortality rate of close to
100% for nonvaccinated animals, and the infection
spreads very fast.
Avian mycoplasmosis
• Avian Mycoplasma are responsible for many
diseases in poultry, especially chronic respiratory
diseases. The characteristic signs of the disease are
respiratory rales, coughing, nasal discharge in
chickens, and sinusitis in turkeys.
 Avian
mycoplasmosis
Avian Metapneumovirus
• They can cause respiratory disease and/or clutch
drops. Avian metapneumoviruses are associated
with two diseases with similar symptoms and
lesions: infectious rhinotracheitis in turkeys (IRT),
and the swollen head syndrome (SHS) in poultry
and guinea fowl.
 Avian
Metapneumovirus
Thank You For
Listening!