Mwa11 PPT ch01

Lial/Hungerford/Holcomb:
Mathematics with Applications 11e

Global Edition
Copyright ©2015Copyright
Pearson Education, Ltd. All
©2015 Pearson rights reserved.
Education, Ltd. All rights reserved.
Chapter 1
Algebra and Equations
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Section 1.1
The Real Numbers

Copyright ©2015 Pearson Education, Ltd. All rights reserved. Slide 1 - 4
Example: Graph all real numbers x such that 1  x  5 .
Solution This graph includes all the real numbers between 1 and 5, not just
the integers. Graph these numbers by drawing a heavy line from 1
: to 5 on the number line.
Parentheses at 1 and 5 show that neither of these points belongs to

the graph.
Slide 1 - 11
Problems to focus on:
27, 28, 63, 67, 68
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reserved.
Slide 1 - 14
Section 1.2
Polynomials

Example: 2 2
Subtract: (2 x  11x  8)  (7 x  6 x  2).
Solution 2 x 2  11x  8  7 x 2  6 x  2 Eliminate parentheses.
:  (2 x 2  7 x 2 )  ( 11x  6 x)  (8  2) Group like terms.

 5 x 2  5 x  6 Combine like terms.
Slide 1 - 21
11, 12, 22, 26, 36, 40

reserved.
Slide 1 - 22
Section 1.3
Factoring

Example: Factor: x 2  9 x  18.
Solution We must find integers b and d such that

x 2  9 x  18  ( x  b)( x  d )
:  x 2  dx  bx  bd
x 2  9 x  18  x 2  (b  d ) x  bd .
Since the constant coefficients on each side of the equation must

be equal, we must have bd  18; that is, b and d are factors of 18.
Similarly, the coefficients of x must be the same, so that b  d  9.
The possibilities are summarized in this table:
There is no need to list negative factors, such as (3)(6), because their

sum is negative. The table suggests that 6 and 3 will work. Verify that
( x  6)( x  3)  x 2  9 x  18.
Slide 1 - 24
10, 24, 36, 62, 70, 80

reserved.
Slide 1 - 28
Section 1.4
Rational Expressions

8 x 11x 2
Example: Divide 
5 20
.
Solution Invert the second expression and multiply (division rule):
: 8 x 11x 2 8 x 20
   Invert and multiply.
5 20 5 11x 2
8 x  20
 Multiply.
5 11x 2
32
 . Lowest terms
11x
Slide 1 - 32
14, 28, 44, 46, 50

reserved.
Slide 1 - 34
Section 1.5
Exponents and Radicals

Example:
Use the inversion property to compute each of the following.
(a)
(b)
3
2
 
5
5
3
 
x
3 3 3
Solution (a)
2  5  5 125
     3 
5 2 2 8
: 5 5
3  x x5 x5
(b)      5 
 x 3 3 243
Slide 1 - 41
48, 52, 75, 80

reserved.
Slide 1 - 51
Section 1.6
First-Degree Equations

Example: Solve 2k  3(k  4)  2(k  3).
Solution First, simplify the equation by using the distributive property on the
left-side term 3(k  4) and the right-side term 2(k  3) :
: 2k  3(k  4)  2(k  3)
2k  3k  12  2(k  3)
2k  3k  12  2k  6
5k  12  2k  6.
One way to proceed is to add 2k to both sides:
5k  12  (2k )  2k  6  (2k )
3k  12  6
3r  1 or 2r  3
3k  12  12  6  12
1 2
r 3k  6 r
1 3 1 3
3k   6 
3 3
k  2.
The solution is 2. Check this result by substituting 2 for k in the
original equation.
Slide 1 - 54
18, 26, 32, 38, 45-48, 63-66, 73, 74, 77-

78

reserved.
Slide 1 - 56
Section 1.7
Quadratic Equations

Example: Solve 6r 2  7r  3.
Solution Rewrite the equation as
: 6r 2  7r  3  0.
Now factor 6r 2  7r  3  0 to get
(3r  1)(2r  3)  0.
By the zero-factor property, the product (3r  1)(2r  3) can
equal 0 only if
3r  1  0 or 2r  3  0.
Solving each of these equations separately gives the
solutions of the original equation:
3r  1 or 2r  3
1 3
r r .
3 2
Verify that both 1/3 and −3/2 are solutions by

substituting them into the original equation.
Slide 1 - 59
20, 36, 38, 42, 46, 52, 58

reserved.
Slide 1 - 64

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Lial/Hungerford/Holcomb:

Mathematics with Applications 11e

Copyright ©2015 Pearson Education, Ltd. All rights reserved.

Copyright ©2015 Pearson Education, Ltd. All rights reserved.

Parentheses at 1 and 5 show that neither of these points belongs to

27, 28, 63, 67, 68

Copyright ©2015 Pearson Education, Ltd. All rights

Copyright ©2015 Pearson Education, Ltd. All rights reserved.

Solution 2 x 2  11x  8  7 x 2  6 x  2 Eliminate parentheses.

:  (2 x 2  7 x 2 )  ( 11x  6 x)  (8  2) Group like terms.

11, 12, 22, 26, 36, 40

Copyright ©2015 Pearson Education, Ltd. All rights

Copyright ©2015 Pearson Education, Ltd. All rights reserved.

Solution We must find integers b and d such that

Since the constant coefficients on each side of the equation must

There is no need to list negative factors, such as (3)(6), because their

10, 24, 36, 62, 70, 80

Copyright ©2015 Pearson Education, Ltd. All rights

Copyright ©2015 Pearson Education, Ltd. All rights reserved.

Solution Invert the second expression and multiply (division rule):

14, 28, 44, 46, 50

Copyright ©2015 Pearson Education, Ltd. All rights

Exponents and Radicals

Copyright ©2015 Pearson Education, Ltd. All rights reserved.

48, 52, 75, 80

Copyright ©2015 Pearson Education, Ltd. All rights

Copyright ©2015 Pearson Education, Ltd. All rights reserved.

18, 26, 32, 38, 45-48, 63-66, 73, 74, 77-

Copyright ©2015 Pearson Education, Ltd. All rights

Copyright ©2015 Pearson Education, Ltd. All rights reserved.

Solution Rewrite the equation as

Verify that both 1/3 and −3/2 are solutions by

20, 36, 38, 42, 46, 52, 58

Copyright ©2015 Pearson Education, Ltd. All rights

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