Hazardous Conditions - ii

 Explain briefly Vortex Ring State

 Explain conditions favour Vortex Ring State
 State other manoueuvres lead to Vortex Ring
State
 Explain the development of Vortex Ring
State
 State effects of Vortex Ring State
 State recovery actions
 Discuss avoidance of Vortex Ring State
 Explain 03 types of T/R failures
 Conditions Favour Vortex Ring State

 Powered flight

 High ROD

 Low Airspeed
Manoueuvres Lead to Vortex Ring State

 As a result of applying power to recover from

a low air speed auto without first increasing

the air speed

 Allowing the helicopter to lose height during

a harsh flare
 Downwind approach

 A steep approach
Vortex Ring State
Development of Vortex Ring State
Development of Vortex Ring State
Development of Vortex Ring State
Vortex Ring State
Vortex Ring State
 Effects of Vortex Ring State

 Significant Vibration

 Random Pitching & Rolling

 Fluctuating Power demands

 Random Yawing

 Slow control response

 Rapid increase in ROD

 Recovery Action Required

 Increase air speed by a large nose down

attitude & then apply power

 If sufficient is available, entering autorotation

by reducing power to zero & then gaining
speed
Avoidance of Vortex Ring State
Vertical descends with high ROD
Avoidance of Vortex Ring State
Steep approaches
Avoidance of Vortex Ring State
Downwind manoeuvres
Avoidance of Vortex Ring State
Quick Stop flares
Avoidance of Vortex Ring State
 Tail Rotor Failures

 Total loss of T/R thrust

 Pitch Control Failure

 Loss of T/R component

 Total loss of T/R thrust

 Severe abrupt yaw on to the opposite

direction o the main rotor

 Severe Vibration

 ***Lower Collective to the bottom stop***

 Pitch Control Failure

 Tail Rotor Pitch Fixed Anywhere Between

Maximum and Minimum
 Pedals Could be Free, Stiff and Jammed.
 For the First Action Climb to a Safer
Height and Carry out System check
 Loss of T/R Component

 Severe abrupt pitching down moment, yaw

on to the opposite direction o the main rotor

 Severe Vibration

 ***Lower Collective to the bottom stop***

 Recap
 What do you understand by Vortex Ring
State?
 What are the conditions favour Vortex Ring
State?
 What are the manoueuvres lead to Vortex
Ring State?
 What are the effects of Vortex Ring State?
 What are the recovery actions?
 How to avoid of Vortex Ring State?
 What are the 03 types of T/R failures?