School Improvement Plan

Find the Root Causes of Problems

 STEP 3. Analyze the
Priority Improvement Areas

3.5 Select area of focus

3.6 Do root cause analysis

Present the root cause to

3.7
the SPT

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION 2
Activity 3.5: Select Area of Focus

Focusing on a problem allows

you to deal with fewer issues
which you can deeply analyze.
Analyze your school
context and see Improvements in your area of
which area to focus may contribute in
prioritize. addressing the bigger issues in
school

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION 3
Activity 3.5: Select Area of Focus

In choosing an area of
focus, consider the
most strategic storm
cloud that will affect
your PIA.

Focus on a storm
cloud where most of
the other storm clouds
are linked.

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION 4
Teaching-Learning

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
Activity
Analyze 3.5: Select
Priority Area of Focus
Improvement Areas

Having identified your area

of focus from the storm
clouds, formulate it into a
problem statement.

• What is the magnitude of

the problem?
• How often is it happening?
• Where is it happening?
• When does it happen?

54 out of 68 Grade 3 students incorrectly

answered during recitation.
DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION 6
 For Year 2 and Year 3

Identify also the storm clouds of the processes mapped out.

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION 7
Activity 3.5: Select Area of Focus

OUTPUT CHECK:

 Problem statement based on your area of focus

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION 8
 STEP 3. Analyze the
Priority Improvement Areas

3.5 Select area of focus

3.6 Do root cause analysis

Present the root cause to

3.7
the SPT

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION 9
 Activity 3.6: Do Root Cause Analysis

“The weed”
• Symptoms of
the problem.
• Above the
surface
The root cause is (obvious)
the deepest
underlying cause “The root”
of the problems • Underlying
within any causes.
• Below the
process
surface (not
obvious)

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION 10
 Root
Activity 3.6: Cause
Do RootAnalysis
Cause Analysis

 Root cause is
not the
solution.
 Finding the root
cause is
necessary in
identifying the
key strategic “For every effect, there is a root
solution. cause. Find and address the root
cause rather than try to fix the effect,
as there is no end to the latter.”
DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION 11
 Activity 3.6 Do root cause analysis

Root Cause Analysis is a structured

and thorough review of the problem
designed to identify and verify what is
causing the problem.

Performing Root Cause Analysis

requires transparency and no
predetermined assumptions.

The root cause needs to be validated

by data from observations and
interviews.

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION 12
Tips in identifying the root cause

Temporal precedence: The root cause

always happens before the effect.

Association and correlation:

Everytime the root cause happens the
effect follows.
Necessity: The effect or related effects
would not happen if not for the root
cause.

Relevance of other causes: Other

explanatory causes are not plausible.

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION 13
Activity 3.6: Do Root Cause Analysis

Approach 1: Fishbone Diagram

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION 14
Activity 3.6: Do Root Cause Analysis

Approach 2: Why-Why Diagram

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION 15
Activity 3.6: Do Root Cause Analysis

Approach 3: Problem Tree

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION 16
 For Year 2 and Year 3

The PT undertakes a root cause analysis for the problems

identified for Year 2 and Year 3.

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION 17
ACTIVITY:

FINDING THE
ROOT CAUSE

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION 18
 Instructions
1. From our common process map, focus on
this storm cloud: “79% of students (54 out of
68) answer incorrectly during recitation per
day.”
2. Review the problem statement.
3. Find the root cause of the stated problem.
(15 minutes)
4. You may use any of the tools described
earlier: Fishbone approach, Why-why
Diagram, Problem Tree.
DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION 19
Review of Problem Statement

79% of grade 3 students (54 out of 68) answered

incorrectly during recitation in their English classes

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
Root Cause

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
Activity 3.6: Do Root Cause Analysis

OUTPUT CHECK:

 Diagrams showing the root cause

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION 22
 STEP 3. Analyze the
Priority Improvement Areas

3.5 Select area of focus

3.6 Do root cause analysis

Present the root cause to

3.7
the SPT

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION 23
Activity 3.7 Present the root cause to
the SPT

The Project Team will present the

following to the SPT:

• Results of your FGDs, interviews with the

learners, and stakeholders

• School Process Flowchart with storm clouds

• Area of focus (focused problem statement)

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION 24
 Activity 3.3: Present the root cause
to the SPT

OUTPUT CHECK:
 Presentation (in powerpoint or hard copy) of the root
cause, with the supporting data, process flowchart, and
area of focus

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION 25
 Q&A

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION 26