MONITORING OF PV WATER PUMPING

SYSTEM USING IOT

Project Phase I (EED401)
Mid Semester Evaluation -1 (September 19, 2022 , Monday)

PROJECT TEAM MEMBERS: NAME OF SUPERVISOR:

1.Thatipamula Sricharan (BT19EEE106) Dr.Ramsha Karampuri
2.Chennam Sai Charan Reddy (BT19EEE029)
3.Atharva Navale (BT19EEE076)
4.Vemuganti Pavan (BT19EEE112)
5.Gurram Sujith Kumar (BT19EEE042)

Monitoring of PV water Pumping system using IOT

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 Problem Statement
Monitoring and Controlling of Photovoltaic Water Pumping system
Using IoT.
Parameters to be monitored and controlled:
1.Flow Rate
2.head(pressure).
3.Voltage ,current,Energy and Power at PV and Power
converter.
4.Ambient temperature.

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 Literature Survey
1.Photovoltaic based Water Pumping System - S.G. Malla, C.N. Bhende and S. Mishra
In this article,using Maximum power point tracker(MPPT) ,which is basically a dc-dc converter whose duty
cycle is adjusted for operating system at maximum power point voltage (Vmpp) by adjusting current,so that
maximum power will be produced. And power also varies with ambient temperature, solar radiation and
solar cell temperature.
2.IoT and GSM based solar operated water pump system- B H Band, A D Ingole
In this article,for reaching needs in agricultural sector, the pump is controlled by DOL starter and it is
connected to GSM and WiFi module,which provides unique IP address to user.By entering this IP address in
any Operating system user can control water pump and operate by using RF(radio frequency) module.

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 3.Solar Water Pumping System Modelling and Analysis using MATLAB/Simulink -Shraiya
Pant,R.P.Saini.
In this article, a MATLAB/ Simulink based study of solar powered water pumping system with permanent
magnet DC motor driving a centrifugal pump has been done. And in this article they have implemented
Perturb and observe (P&O) maximum power point tracking algorithm to regulate duty cycle of a DC-DC
boost converter.

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 4. PV based Isolated Irrigation System with its Smart IoT Control in Remote Indian Area - Arunava
Chatterjee and Soumyajit Ghosh​
In the article, the parameters such as irradiation, moisture content of soil, availability of load has been
taken into account and DC motor-based pump is used. The system operation is carried out using an
Atmega based microcontroller.​

5. Simulation Model for Efficiency Estimation of Photovoltaic Water Pumping System- Levon
Gevorkov, Václav Šmídl​
The article investigates the possibility of efficiency calculation for the designed Centrifugal Pump
System with a Photovoltaic (PV) power source. The efficiency of the Centrifugal Pump System varies
significantly with the change of operational point location on the H-Q plane and depends on the
positions of the pump and system curves. PV water pumping system consisting of the PV array and
three phase induction motor drive coupled with a centrifugal pump is used for Matlab simulation.

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 Fig. Flowchart of the proposed IoT based control. [ref 4]​

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 Plan Of Action
● Inverter working and PWM techniques
● Photovoltaic panel parameters and efficiency improvement
● Pump working, parameters and efficiency improvement
● Developing optimized algorithm 
● Matlab of simulation of whole system
● Practical design and review.

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 WHAT IS PV PUMP? 

Photovoltaic pump systems convert solar energy directly into electricity

in order to drive pumps with an electric motor.
Advantages of Photovoltaic pumping system:
• No fuel cost - as it uses available free sun light
• No electricity required
• Long operating life
• Highly reliable and durable
• Easy to operate and maintain
• Eco-friendly

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 Basic Block diagram of PV pumping system

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 The power source, photovoltaic (PV) panels:
A panel is rated in watts of power it can produce. A pump will require a
certain amount of power to produce a certain amount of pressure and flow. 
Group of panels is called an PV array. By using suitable size PV array pump
can be operated at economical cost.
Most solar pumps actually require about 20% more wattage than specified
when wiring the panel directly to the pump. Also, having a larger panel will
allow the pump to turn on earlier and later in the day and also in relatively
lower light conditions. 
The solar panels make up almost 80% of the systems cost. The size of the PV
system is directly dependent on the size of the pump, the amount of water
that is required (m³/d) and the solar irradiance available (watts per m 2).

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 Parameters in PVWMPS:

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 PUMP

This is the heart and soul of the solar water pumping system. For a
given power input, the pump produces a unique combination of
flowrate and head(pressure).
Types of pumps based on working principle: 

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 Centrifugal pump

In a centrifugal pump, a rotating impeller imparts energy

to the liquid moving through the pump.

Working steps:

• The fluid enters the pump at the impeller eye.

• The velocity of the fluid increases by the centrifugal
force created due to the rotation of the impeller.
Therefore, the fluid is radially moved out towards the
impeller periphery.
• The fluid is directed to an expanding volute casing or
diffuser (depending on the design type), and thus, its
velocity energy is converted to a pressure head.

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 Positive-displacement pump
• In a positive-displacement (PD) pump, a
discrete amount of fluid is trapped, forced
through the pump, and discharged. A gear
pump is an example of a PD pump  is shown
in fig.

• This pumping principle produces a pulsating

flow, rather than a smooth flow. Its output
flow tends to vary little with respect to the
pressure at the pump outlet, because the
moving displacement mechanism pushes the
slug of liquid out at a constant rate.

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 PERFORMANCE PARAMETERS OF PUMP

Head: Head (H) is the ability of a pump to lift a certain volume of liquid to a

given height. In the SI metric system, it is measured in meters water
column (m W.C.) or more simply in meters.
Flow rate: The flow rate (Q) is the volume of fluid moved in the unit of time.
The flow rate is normally expressed in m3/s or litres/min.
Hydraulic power: amount of energy that must be transferred to the pump
to lift a given flow rate Q to a given height H, in the unit of time.

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 Efficiency: Pumps are driven by an electric motor; the pump input
power can be calculated from:

Pump efficiency is expressed as pump power output divided by the

pump power input, so the overall pump efficiency can be finally
computed from the relationship:

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 Pump Characteristic Curves

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 Monitoring of PV water Pumping system using IOT
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 Monitoring of PV water Pumping system using IOT
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 Controller
The purpose of the controller is to match the output power that the
pump receives with the input power available from the solar
panels. Voltage of the solar pump motors can be AC (alternating
current) or DC (direct current). 
Direct current motors are used for small to medium applications up to
about 3 kW rating, and are suitable for applications such as garden
fountains, landscaping, drinking water for livestock, or small irrigation
works. 
In case of alternating current solar pump, an inverter is necessary that
changes the direct current from the solar panels into alternating
current for the pump. The supported power range of inverters extends
from 0.15 to 55 kW and can be used for larger systems.

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 Internet of Things
Internet of Things refers to a new kind of world
where almost all the devices and appliances that we
use are connected to a network.

For this intelligence and interconnection,IOT

devices are equipped with embedded sensors,
actuators, processors and transceivers.

Monitoring of PV water Pumping system using IOT

 Internet of Things
•We can use them collaboratively to achieve complex tasks that require a high degree of intelligence
•Sensors and actuators are devices, which help in interacting with the physical environment.
• The data collected by the sensors has to be stored and processed intelligently in order to derive useful
inferences from it.
•An actuator is a device that is used to effect a change in the environment such as the temperature
controller of an air conditioner.
•The communication between IoT devices is mainly wireless because they are generally installed at
geographically dispersed locations.
•The storage and processing of data can be done on the edge of the network itself or in a remote server.

Monitoring of PV water Pumping system using IOT

 WHERE?
• Industrial IoT (IIoT) focusses on the use of cyber-physical systems to monitor
the physical factory processes and make data-based automated decisions.
• While the physical systems are made intelligent using IoT, the real-time
communication, and cooperation both with each other and with humans is
established via the wireless web.
• IIoT brings in the concept of ‘a connected factory leads to a smart factory’.

Monitoring of PV water Pumping system using IOT

Monitoring of PV water Pumping system using IOT
 WHY IOT?
The internet of things helps people live and work smarter, as well as gain complete control over their lives. In addition
to offering smart devices to automate homes, IoT is essential to business. IoT provides businesses with a real-time
look into how their systems really work, delivering insights into everything from the performance of machines to supply
chain and logistics operations.

IoT enables companies to automate processes and reduce labor costs. It also cuts down on waste and improves
service delivery, making it less expensive to manufacture and deliver goods, as well as offering transparency into
customer transactions.

As such, IoT is one of the most important technologies of everyday life, and it will continue to pick up steam as more
businesses realize the potential of connected devices to keep them competitive.

Monitoring of PV water Pumping system using IOT

 BENEFITS OF IOT
IoT offers a number of benefits to organizations, enabling them to:

1. Monitor their overall business processes;

2. Improve the customer experience;
3. Save time and money;
4. Enhance employee productivity;
5. Integrate and adapt business models;
6. Make better business decisions; and
7. Generate more revenue.

Monitoring of PV water Pumping system using IOT

 HOW TO IMPLEMENT IOT?
In common parlance, the Internet of Things refers to a new kind of world where almost all the devices and
appliances that we use are connected to a network.
• Sensors and actuators are devices, which help in interacting with the physical environment. The data
collected by the sensors has to be stored and processed intelligently in order to derive useful inferences
from it.
• An actuator is a device that is used to effect a change in the environment such as the temperature
controller of an air conditioner.
• The communication between IoT devices is mainly wireless because they are generally installed at
geographically dispersed locations. 
• The storage and processing of data can be done on the edge of the network itself or in a remote server.

Monitoring of PV water Pumping system using IOT

Conclusion
● A literature review for the specified problem statement had been
accomplished.

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References
1. Trishan Esram, Patrick L. Chapman, “Comparison of Photovoltaic Array Maximum Power
Point Tracking Techniques”, IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, Vol. 22, No. 2, pp 439-
449, June 2007.
2. A. Senpinar, “Using Photovoltaic Panels for Irrigation,” Acta Physica Polonica A, vol. 132, no.3,
2017, pp. 625-628.
3. A. A. Zekry and M. A. Elgendy, “Estimated performance of photovoltaic irrigation systems
under different operating conditions,”2lst National Radio Science Conference (NRSC2004)
(NTI) March 16-18, 2004.
4. K. Meah, S. Fletcher, S. Ula, “Solar photovoltaic water pumping for remote locations”,
Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Volume 12, Issue 2, pp. 472-487, 2008.
5. Rohit, K.B. & Karve, G. & Khatri, M., “Solar water pumping system”,
Int J Emerg Technol Adv Eng. 3. 225-259., 2013.
6. Eker, Bülent, “Solar powered water pumping systems”, Trakia Journal
of Sciences. 3, 2005.

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THANK YOU

Monitoring of PV water Pumping system using IOT