ГгГ

N. A. Nazarbayev
– a personality in history
 LECTURE № 14
N. A. NAZARBAYEV – A PERSONALITY IN HISTORY
Main questions of the lecture:
 1. The initiatives of the First President on the path of
state revival
 2. The basis of the creation of the Kazakh model of
statehood
 3. The President's opinion on the global partnership of
civilization as a systemic response to the challenges of
our time.
 4. Fundamental political and socio-economic
transformations, interethnic and interfaith harmony in
the work "Kazakhstan's way of development"
1. THE INITIATIVES OF THE FIRST PRESIDENT ON THE PATH OF
STATE REVIVAL
 One of the most important components of the Kazakh model of public
administration is the role of a leader. There is no doubt that the revival of
Kazakhstan's statehood, the socio-political and socio-economic life of the
country as a whole is influenced by the First President of the Republic of
Kazakhstan N. A. Nazarbayev. In this regard, the problem of theoretical
understanding of the historical role of the President as the founder of an
independent state becomes particularly relevant.The biography of the President
of the Republic of Kazakhstan is inseparable from the modern history of the
country and the people. His policy has become an effective tool for ridding
Kazakhstan of the relapses of the Soviet past, the basis for the creation of the
Kazakh model of statehood. After becoming the President of the republic in
April 1990, Nursultan Nazarbayev assumed a huge responsibility for the
republic and its citizens. He became a generator of ideas, a moderator of
complex and important processes for society and the state.
A turning point in the modern history of Kazakhstan was
the acquisition of independence as a result of the collapse
of the USSR. In 1991, a new state appeared on the political
map of the world – the Republic of Kazakhstan.
After the collapse of the Soviet Union and gaining
independence, Kazakhstan, like other republics, set itself
the goal of building its own statehood, transition to a
market economy, creating a democratic community and
strengthening national consciousness. The leadership of
our country faced a difficult question of choosing the
sequence of reforms, choosing development priorities. As
we know, President N. Nazarbayev has chosen the path of
gradual economic reform, putting the task of economic
development ahead of political changes. Life has shown
that the choice of the Head of State was correct.
 N. A. Nazarbayev's formula "first-economy, then-politics" has
become a classic expression of the methodology of successful
reforms in the post-Soviet space. Thanks to the success of our
country, such a concept as the "Kazakhstan model of
development" has become widespread, which consists in
progressive movement forward on a clearly defined course – on
the basis of a balanced and deeply thought-out strategy. In a short
period of time, by historical standards, Kazakhstan has turned
into an independent, politically and economically independent
state, which is confirmed by the successful overcoming of the
consequences of the recent financial and economic crisis, which
greatly worsened the socio-economic situation in many, even more
developed countries.
2. THE BASIS OF THE CREATION OF THE KAZAKH MODEL
OF STATEHOOD
 On December 16, 1991, the largest event in the history of the Kazakh
people took place. On this day, the Supreme Council adopted, and
the President of the country N. A. Nazarbayev signed the
Constitutional Law "On the State Independence of the Republic of
Kazakhstan", which marked the beginning of the construction of a
new, sovereign statehood, which is a social, political and cultural
orientation that directs the country to the development of the state,
its protection, improvement of the political organization of society.
According to political scientists, statehood is becoming an acute
political problem and a sphere of struggle in the transitional periods
of the history of many countries and regions of the world, in
particular, in the modern era of world decolonization, the collapse of
empires and state unions. The Constitutional Law" On the State
Independence of the Republic of Kazakhstan " became a new stage
in the political and constitutional development of the republic and
reflected such fundamental democratic principles as the right of the
nation to self-determination, the priority of individual rights and
freedoms, political stability, separation of powers, interethnic
harmony.
During the years of formation and development of the sovereign
state, the President of Kazakhstan has proved himself as a
purposeful and determined leader. Eyewitnesses testify how keenly
Nursultan Nazarbayev was worried about the implementation of his
initiatives, how well he understood the problems and feelings of
ordinary Kazakhstanis. The first President managed to convince
millions of Kazakhstanis to achieve the great future of their country
by his example of hard work and his course.During these years, the
country's Constitution was adopted, the national currency and other
attributes of a sovereign state were introduced, including such as the
Flag, Coat of Arms and Anthem. A powerful bulwark of
independence has been created – the Armed Forces. the state border
with neighboring friendly states has been legislated along all the
perimeters of the country. We should note one more important point
– all the main strategic decisions in the Republic of Kazakhstan over
the years of independence were initiated and took place with the
direct participation of the Head of State – N. A. Nazarbayev.
 At the first, the most difficult stage of the formation of statehood,
the natural step was to concentrate the fullness of power in one
key institution. It naturally became the institute of the
presidency, established in April 1990. N. A. Nazarbayev was the
first of the leaders of the Union republics who understood the
key role of the sole supreme leader in a difficult era of change.
Kazakhstan and its National Leader showed enviable historical
wisdom by establishing the post of President earlier than other
republics of the USSR.Today, it can be stated that the
presidential power in the Republic of Kazakhstan has brilliantly
coped with its historical task. For two decades, the institution of
the presidency has been a core element of Kazakhstan's
statehood, and has also been a reliable support for
comprehensive reforms in Kazakhstan. It was the First President
of the RCN, A. Nazarbayev, who personally provided the system
logic, reasonable gradualness and humanistic orientation of the
transformations, on the success of which the historical future of
Kazakhstan critically depended.
 The institution of a strong presidential power ensures
political stability and sustainable economic development
of our country. A very effective and optimal model of
administrative and state management has been created
in Kazakhstan. A clear vertical of state power has been
built. This is a responsible compact government, a
professional parliament, an independent court, and
executive self-government structures in the regions. All
this in the complex makes up a single systemic state
mechanism of power.A national business management
elite has been formed in the country, which works in the
conditions of the development of a democratic, civil, legal
society.
 3. THE PRESIDENT'S OPINION ON THE GLOBAL
PARTNERSHIP OF CIVILIZATION AS A SYSTEMIC
RESPONSE TO THE CHALLENGES OF OUR TIME
 The leader of the state attached a special role to the creation of a
national security system, taking into account the geopolitical and
economic situation of Kazakhstan. The country, which occupies the
ninth place in the world by its territory, had to pursue a balanced
multi-vector policy, the essence of which was to establish and develop
mutually beneficial cooperation with the countries of the world
community. Actively supporting and participating in the positive
processes taking place in society, the Kazakh leader set himself the
task of making the republic recognizable on the world stage. The
foreign policy course was aimed at full cooperation with the
international community. Kazakhstan's consistent multi-vector
foreign policy is recognized by more than 120 countries of the world.
The diplomatic department of Kazakhstan was building a new
security system, the main vector of which was the creation of a
nuclear non-proliferation regime. Kazakhstan has closed the
Semipalatinsk test site and actively embarked on the path of nuclear
disarmament.
 Thanks to the titanic efforts of the President, the international
authority of our country has been strengthened. At the present
stage, Kazakhstan has the status of a major regional power in the
Eurasian space, plays an active role in the system of international
relations and has taken a worthy place on the political map of the
world. Our state is represented in the UN, OSCE, CICA, OIC,
SCO, UNESCO, the IMF and in many other authoritative
international organizations. In 2010, Kazakhstan became the
Chairman of the OSCE. Moreover, for the first time in the modern
history of Kazakhstan and the Eurasian space, a unique Summit
of the heads of the OSCE states was held in Astana on December
1, 2010. This was an absolute historical victory for the Leader of
the Nation and the people of the Republic.
 4. FUNDAMENTAL POLITICAL AND SOCIO-
ECONOMIC TRANSFORMATIONS, INTERETHNIC
AND INTERFAITH HARMONY IN THE WORK
"KAZAKHSTAN'S WAY OF DEVELOPMENT"
 The sphere of interethnic relations occupies a special place in the
policy of the President of Kazakhstan. Kazakhstan is a multi-
ethnic country, where representatives of 130 ethnic groups live.
The President managed to turn the multinational factor into a
genuine asset of the republic. In his regular appeals to the
population of Kazakhstan, Nursultan Nazarbayev invariably
makes calls to protect stability and mutual understanding, which
the republic is so proud of. Behind all this, there is a colossal and
huge multifaceted activity of the Head of State. History has
decreed that Kazakhstan today is a multinational state. Thanks to
the wise, balanced and flexible policy of the Leader of the Nation,
Nursultan Nazarbayev, our republic has overcome the difficulties
of the transitional transit period and managed to avoid conflicts
on interethnic grounds.
 The President of the country created a unique institution – the
Assembly of People of Kazakhstan, an advisory body under the
Head of State, whose main goal is to ensure equality of rights and
freedoms of citizens of the republic, regardless of their nationality,
language, attitude to religion, belonging to social groups. the 20th
anniversary of which we will celebrate in 2015. The Assembly of the
People of Kazakhstan today has no analogues in the world. The
harmonization of interethnic relations, tolerance, harmony-all this
has become the basis of the policy of the Head of State. According to
Nursultan Nazarbayev, the unique diversity is not a weakness, but
the wealth of the country, since the presence of many ethnic groups
is a bright palette and mosaic of our state. Today, Kazakhstan is in
the focus and in the center of attention of international politicians,
experts, political scientists, cultural scientists, journalists, scientists,
has become a unique model for them – a standard of peace and
harmony. And not only N. A. Nazarbayev, as noted by foreign
analysts and prominent political and economic figures, is a great
strategist of international scale, sensitively and presciently guessing
the challenges of the time.
 This is evidenced by the last Message of the Head of our state to
the people of Kazakhstan "Nurly Zhol – the way to the future".
In it, the President emphasizes that the coming years will be a
time of global challenges. The entire architecture of the world will
change. Not all countries will be able to pass through this difficult
stage with dignity. Only strong states and united peoples will
cross this line. Today we are a successful state that has its own
face, its own characteristics and its own position.Our task is to
preserve all that we have achieved over the years of sovereignty,
to continue sustainable development in the XXI century. Our
main goal is to create a welfare society by 2050 based on a strong
state, a developed economy and opportunities for universal labor.
A strong state is especially important for ensuring conditions for
accelerated economic growth. A strong state is engaged not in the
policy of survival, but in the policy of planning, long-term
development and economic growth.
 Kazakhstan is in close proximity to the epicenter of geopolitical tension.
Therefore, the President urged to quickly review some positions, as well as
make adjustments to the plans. It should be noted that the Head of State
conducts this work all the time. Over the years of independence, about $ 200
billion has been invested in the economy of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
Foreign companies have come to the country, and with them-new and the latest
technologies. In 2000, the National Fund was established in Kazakhstan.
Medium and small businesses are developing. New jobs are being created. The
standard of living of the population is increasing. Today, Kazakhstan is the
leader of socio-economic reforms in the CIS and South-Eastern Europe. in
terms of economic growth, it is among the leading countries in the world. The
country's gold and foreign exchange reserves amount to more than $ 100
billion. The personality of Nursultan Nazarbayev is comparable to such major
historical figures of the past and present as Akbar in India, Peter the Great in
Russia, George Washington in the USA, Charles De Gaulle in France, Mustafa
Kemal Ataturk in Turkey, Margaret Thatcher in the UK, Deng Xiaoping in
China, Lee Kuan Yew in Singapore.
 Nursultan Abishevich Nazarbayev continues the policy and
traditions of our great ancestors, such as Sultans Kerey and
Zhanibek, who founded the first independent Kazakh Khanate in
1465, and, most of all, a major statesman of Kazakhstan of the
XVIII century, Abylai Khan, who strengthened the traditional
khan power and Kazakh statehood. These great historical figures
of the past and the modern world are united with Nursultan
Nazarbayev by a deep love for the Motherland, Kazakhstan, and
their people. And a great desire to bring your country forward.
 President N. A. Nazarbayev is the chief strategist and architect of
integration processes in the Eurasian space. This is evidenced by
the creation of the Customs Union and the CES of Kazakhstan,
Russia, Belarus on his initiative and the launch of the Eurasian
Economic Union (EAEU) since January 2015.
 Today, Kazakhstan is the economic locomotive of the Commonwealth
and the newly emerging EAEU, the leader of Eurasia and Central Asia,
a dynamically developing regional power.A unique and strategic project
of our Leader of the Nation is the program of accelerated industrial and
innovative development of Kazakhstan until 2020: new facilities,
industrial enterprises are being put into operation, roads, schools,
hospitals are being repaired, cities and villages are being improved and
greened, hundreds of thousands of new jobs are being created. All this is
the basis for the accelerated socio-economic development of our
country.
 It should be noted that the Head of State is Nursultan Nazarbayev
during the independence of our country. in all spheres, he revived the
spirit of our people, their consciousness, thinking, moral and spiritual
values, traditions, and their cultural and historical heritage. on his
initiative, the dialogue of traditional religions, civilizations and cultures
is developing in Kazakhstan and the world. The President of the
country adopted a unique long-term Strategy "Kazakhstan-2050",
which has become a compass-like compass that shows our country the
further path of successful development.
 The symbol of the historical triumph of the activity of the
Head of State is Astana – the pearl of Kazakhstan, the unique
and beautiful capital of the XXI century, the main architect
and architect of which is rightfully the Leader of the Nation.
The choice of Astana as the center of the World Exhibition
"EXPO-2017" once again confirmed that Kazakhstan occupies
a worthy position in the world community, and our brilliant
Leader of the nation, Nursultan Nazarbayev, is a universally
recognized global politician. The historical merit of the
President of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Nursultan
Nazarbayev, is that Kazakhstan today is a modern,
established, universally recognized state in the world with a
dynamically developing market economy, with large economic,
industrial, scientific, cultural potential and new innovative
technologies. The trinity has become an absolute axiom and a
synonym in the world: "Kazakhstan, Astana and Nursultan
Nazarbayev".
 Nursultan Nazarbayev is a man-era. The most important
advantage and credo of the Head of State is his professional
ability and virtuoso ability to bring fundamental basic reforms
and transformations to a logical conclusion. The president has a
unique quality of a politician: to be able to listen to the
interlocutor and absorb everything new that is in the world,
and at the same time bring his point of view and view to every
citizen and person.For the citizens of Kazakhstan, the full scale
and depth of the personality and multifaceted activities of the
First President of the country, Nursultan Nazarbayev, as a
great reformer and political leader of our time is obvious. He
rightfully entered the history of Kazakhstan and the world as
the most authoritative and brilliant statesman of the world level
and a major scientist-thinker of the XXI century. In the context
of the historical retrospective, the era of the multifaceted
activity of the First President Nursultan Nazarbayev
symbolizes the absolute historical triumph of Kazakhstan.
 Deeply understanding and realizing the genesis and scale of the
reforms carried out, you involuntarily think about what was
the basis of our historical victories. We can say with full
justification and right that the basis and sources of success were
the fact that in the most crucial period of the history of the
formation of Kazakhstan's statehood, the republic was headed
by the Leader of the Nation, Nursultan Nazarbayev, who has
the greatest gift of foresight and is able to consolidate the
nation in the process of historical changes for the benefit of the
citizens of the country and the national unity of Kazakhstan.
The first President of the Republic of Kazakhstan, N. A.
Nazarbayev, initially stood at the very origins of the
independent state of Kazakhstan. There is no doubt that
Nursultan Nazarbayev was and is now a full-fledged creator of
the political and judicial system of Kazakhstan, the permanent
initiator of the formation of a market economy, as well as the
progressive development of democracy in the country.
 Historical leaders act based on the scale of their
thinking. President Nursultan Nazarbayev thinks for
centuries and continents." And indeed, in the modern
global world, the superbrand "Nazarbayev" has become
a genuine "quality mark" of strategic decisions made. It
is not for nothing that the term "the factor of Nursultan
Nazarbayev" appeared in world political science – the
factor of a successful pragmatic politician, reformer,
supporter of close Eurasian integration. In all these
facets of talent, the historical merit of the First
President of the Republic of Kazakhstan – a recognized
Leader, always the first in everything, was brilliantly
manifested.
THANK YOU!