PRACTICAL

RESEARCH 2
Jennifer B. Bueno
PRAYER
ATTENDANCE
REVIEW
Formulating a Theoretical and
Conceptual Framework
The use of a Hypothesis in
Quantitative Research
Objectives:
1. The theoretical and conceptual
framework
2.Different ways of presenting the
framework
3. Hypothesis in Quantitative Research

Practical Research 2 Week 6

THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
 A theoretical framework consist of concepts and together with their
definitions and reference to relevant scholarly literature, existing theory that
is used for your particular study.
• It must demonstrate an understanding of theories and concepts that are
relevant to the topic of your research paper and that relate to the broader
areas of knowledge being consider.
 The theoretical framework is most often not something readily found within
the literature.
• You must review course reading and pertinent research studies for theories
and analytic models that are relevant to the research problem that you are
investigating.

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How to write theoretical framework?
1. Examine the research problem and consider the
key variables in your research.
2. Review your related literature and choose the
theory that applicable to your study.
3. Discuss the theory and its relation to your
present study.

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How to write theoretical framework?
 Include these in your paragraph:
 Title of theory
 Author/proponent
 Theoretical principle
 Relationship/relevant to present study

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Prompts in writing theoretical framework

 The study is anchored on…

 This study is supported by the theory of…
 This study is founded on the theory of…
 The theoretical underpinning of this study is…

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Conceptual Framework
Illustrates what the researchers expects to find in
the research; it guides the researcher by giving clear
directions to the research.
It explains the major variables in the study. It is a
diagram representing the relationships or
connection of variables.

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TWO COMMON TYPES OF RESEARCH PARADIGM

RESEARCH PARADIGM- It pertains to diagrammatical representation of your

study.

 IV-DV MODEL

 This model is used in experiment-based studies.

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TWO COMMON TYPES OF RESEARCH PARADIGM

RESEARCH PARADIGM- It pertains to diagrammatical representation of your

study.

 IPO MODEL
INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

 investigation. Largely used to isolate the factor or major variable that

causes the problem/phenomenon under.
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Theoretical Framework
The goal of this study is to find the level of motivation and attitude of students towards
English language learning. This study that focus to the impact of these two variables to English
language learning will use the concepts of Gardner’s socio-educational model (1960), depicting
the attitudes and motivation in second language learning. Motivation and Attitude are among the
pre-determinant factors that affects achievement in English language learning. These two variables
had been viewed as two of the most important factors in the success of language learning.
Motivation is believed to be the fundamental strength that starts the goal of learning. It is believed
that regardless of a well-designed curricula and an effective language teaching method, a learner
who has low motivation might not be ensure in the success of language learning. This belief
supports the claims that motivation is really an important aspect in successful language learning.
On the other hand, language attitude is the attitude of a person towards a certain language. It is the
way a person viewed another language. A person attitude towards the language will surely affect
the outcome of how he would learn that language.

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Conceptual Framework

•Respondents’ level of •Use of AMTB survey •Apply the learned

motivation towards questionnaire and
English Language Language Attitude concepts about
Instrument on selected
Learning.
students of BSHM. rt
motivation and
•Respondents’ level of
attitude towards English
•Gathering of important attitude towards
data through Google
Language Learning.
forms.
English language
•Significant correlation
between level of
•Analyzation and learning.
motivation and attitudes interpretation of the
towards English gathered data.
Language Learning.

INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

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 Fig. 1. Conceptual Paradigm of the Study

Input provides the pre-determined objectives of a certain program or research paper. It simply let the

work to be invested. In this study, the input will focused on three major details which are TMCC BSHM

students level of motivation towards English language learning, TMCC BSHM level of attitude towards

English language learning and if there is a significant correlation between respondents’ level of motivation

and attitude towards English language learning.

Process is the most important part of research. This will lead to understanding the important data

needed for the success of the study. Process of this includes the use of AMTB survey questionnaire and

Language Attitude Instrument on selected students of BSHM, gathering of important data through Google

forms and analyzation and interpretation of the gathered data.

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 Output in research is the important result after processing the target input. It will be obtain

after doing the indicated processes. Output allowed the paper to hold its significant quality and

importance. In this study, the expected output is the ability to apply the learned concepts about

motivation and attitude towards English language learning. It is expected that those concepts could

improve the way of English language learning.

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HYPOTHESIS OF THE STUDY
A PREDICTION OF WHAT YOUR STUDY WILL FIND
A tentative prediction about the relationship
between two or more variables under study.
Translate the research question into a prediction of
expected outcomes.

Practical Research 2 Week 6

HYPOTHESIS OF THE STUDY
 Two commonly used hypothesis:
NULL HYPOTHESIS- a hypothesis formulated for
the purpose of statistical analysis.
- Always expressed as a negative statement.
(with the used of words no or not)
- Generally denoted as H0

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HYPOTHESIS OF THE STUDY
 Two commonly used hypothesis:
ALTERNATIVE HYPOTHESIS- used as contrary or as
an alternate to Null Hypothesis.
- generally denoted as H1

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RESEARCH QUESTION:
Mai-inlove pa ba kaya ulit sayo ang ex mo?

NULL HYPOTHESIS
H0: Hindi na mai-inlove ulit sayo ang ex mo kasi may iba na
sya.

ALTERNATIVE HYPOTHESIS
H1: Mai-inlove pa din sayo ang ex mo maski may iba na
sya.

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RESEARCH QUESTION:
Is there significant relationship between peer tutoring and student’s
level of reading fluency?

NULL HYPOTHESIS
H0: There is no significant relationship between peer
tutoring and students’ level of reading fluency.

ALTERNATIVE HYPOTHESIS
H1: There is a significant relationship between peer
tutoring and students’ level of reading fluency.

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 Thank You
&
Happy Learning!

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