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Engineering
Engineering

ANOVA

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Engineering ANOVA
Analysis of Variation
Def: Statistical technique specially designed to test whether the means of
more than 2 quantitative populations are equal.(Sir Ronald A. Fisher in
1920’s.)
Eg.
Study conducted among men of age group 18-25 year in community to assess
effect of Socio Economic Status on BMI

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ANOVA allows us to examine the significance of difference

between more than two samples. We can conclude whether
we have drawn the samples from populations having same
mean. It’s the procedure to test difference amongst different
groups of data for homogeneity.
Variance is used . We can have variance between samples
and within items of same sample. It helps us to decide
whether we have to accept or reject null hypothesis. We will
be testing groups to see if there is a difference between
them.
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LEVELS
Is number of groups you compare.
For example : Say you are comparing cereals. Then if you
are comparing Kellogs, Mohuns, Quaker – three levels.
We will use two Phrases
 Between Samples Variance
 Within Samples variance

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Engineering ANOVA

Effect of age, SES and Diet on BMI

ANOVA with repeated measures - comparing >=3 group means where the
participants are same in each group. E.g.
Group of subjects is measured more than twice, generally over time, such as
patients weighed at baseline and every month after a weight loss program.
We use F-Statistic

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Engineering ANOVA-One Way
Example : samples obtained from normal populations with equal
variances. Test the hypothesis that sample means are equal

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Engineering ANOVA-One Way
Eg. 3 samples obtained from normal populations with equal variances. Test the hypothesis
that sample means are equal

The Table value of F at 5% level of significance for d.f 2 & 12 is 3.88 The calculated value of F > table value H0 is
rejected. Hence there is significant difference in sample means

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Engineering ANOVA-One Way
Alternative method: Eg. 3 samples obtained from normal populations with equal variances.
Test the hypothesis that sample means are equal

Total sum of all observations = T = 50 + 40 + 60 = 150

Correction factor SoS = T2 / N=(150)2 /15= 22500/15=1500
Total sum of squares= 530+ 336+ 734 – 1500= 100
Sum of square b/w samples=SSC =(50)2/5 + (40)2 /5 + (60)2 /5 – 1500 = 40
Sum of squares within samples=SSE = 100-40= 60

The Table value of F at 5% level of significance for d.f 2 & 12 is 3.88 The calculated value of F > table value H0 is
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rejected. Hence there is significant difference in sample means
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Example 2

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Since F < critical value, we accept null hypothesis. We

conclude there is not much difference between mean of the
samples. The difference in wheat outputs is just by chance
and is insignificant. Means varieties are not very different
from each other.

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