Numerical

• For two elements array consisting identical radiators carrying equal

currents in phase , obtain positions of maxima and minima of the
radiation pattern if the distance of separation is d= λ.
Two element array with currents in equal magnitude and same phase
 Numerical
• For two elements array consisting identical radiators carrying equal
currents in phase , obtain positions of maxima and minima of the
radiation pattern if the distance of separation is d= λ.
Principle of pattern
multiplication
 Pattern Multiplication
• It is a method for obtaining the radiation pattern of the antenna
arrays.
• The principle of pattern multiplication states that “the radiation
pattern of an array is the product of the pattern of the individual
antenna with the array pattern of isotropic point sources each
located at the phase center of the individual source”.
 4-element array
• Consider 4 elements of the array.

• Now let us consider elements 1 & 2 as one unit ‘A’ and place it in the
mid way of the element 1& 2.
• Similarly Consider elements 3 & 4 as one unit ‘B’ and place it in the
mid way of the element 3& 4.
• So the units A & B are separated by a distance of  λ (  λ/4+ λ/2+ λ/4)
• When two elements are separated by ‘ λ’, the radiation pattern is
given by
Individual pattern * Array Pattern=Resultant pattern
Features of resultant pattern

• The width of the major lobe or principle lobe is same as the

width of corresponding lobe of the group pattern.

• The sum of the nulls in the unique pattern and group pattern
gives the no. of nulls in the resultant radiation pattern.
 8-element array
• Consider 8-elements in the array

• Now let us consider elements 1 & 2 as one unit ‘A’ and place it in the
mid way of the element 1& 2.
• Similarly Consider elements 3 & 4 as one unit ‘B’ and place it in the
mid way of the element 3& 4.
• And so on…
• Now the resultant pattern =individual pattern * Group pattern
 Advantage and Disadvantage

• Advantage - It helps to sketch the radiation pattern of array antennas

rapidly from the simple product of element pattern and array pattern.
• Disadvantage - It is applicable only for arrays containing identical
elements.