Mathematics as a Tool

Statistics -  the study and manipulation of data,

including ways to gather, review, analyze, and draw
conclusions from data.

• Measure of Central Tendency – is a value that describes to which a set

of data be likely to fall.
• Mean, Median and Mode
Mean
It is the average of all elements of a set of data and is denoted by the
symbol
Example 1
Find the mean of all the grades of James in his Engineering course if his
grades are as follows:

Mathematical Analysis 90
World Literature 78
Discrete Math 92
Calculus 89
Engineering Economy 96
Example 2
The data shown are the scores of 30 students in GEC12 exam. Find the
mean score of the 30 students if 9 class intervals shall used in grouping
the data.
47 65 81 65 68 55

56 69 61 75 71 67

61 87 50 74 49 66

49 89 77 75 79 85

68 90 57 63 54 90
Example 3
Find the mean of the scores of all examinees.
Class Interval Class Frequency(f)
10-20 5
21-31 10
32-42 11
43-53 7
54-64 23
65-75 55
76-86 7
87-97 8
98-108 4
Median
Median is the value at the middle when all the elements in a set of data
are arranged in ascending order.
Denoted by:
Mode
Mode is defined as the element in a set of data that has the greatest
number of frequencies.
Denoted by: