ASCHELMINTHES

BY THE STUDENTS OF CLASS XI, ROLL NUMBER:- 01-05

INTRODUCTION

Out of the 11 phyla of the Kingdom Animalia, Aschelminthes is the 5th phylum. The
other name of this phylum is Nematoda or Nemathelminthes .
Aschelminthes represents the group of unsegmented pseudocoelomate worm like
creatures having epidermal nerve cords, distinct excretory system, distinct digestive
system with mouth surrounded by six lips showing sexual dimorphism and containing
thick cuticular body wall.
Meaning
The word Nema means thread and hemins means worm.
DISCOVERY

 Gegenbour first coined the term Nemathelminthes in 1859.

 Grobben replaced the term by introducing a new term, Aschelminthes .

Karl Gegenbour Grobben

CHARACTERISTICS OF ASCHELMINTHES
 Their body is unsegmented and vermiform in appearance.
 They are triploblastic animals and have tube-within-tube body plan.
 They lack lateral appendages.
 Presence of cephalic sense organs called amphids and some
contain caudal sense organs called phasmids
 Respiration occurs through general body surface.
 It consists of a pair of glandular cells or intracellular
or both.
 It consists of a nerve ring round the pharynx with dorsal
and ventral longitudinal nerve cords running throughout
the length of the body.
CHARACTERISTICS OF ASCHELMINTHES
 The circulatory system is undeveloped in roundworms.
 Some forms are parasitic in nature and parasitize nearly all groups
of animals and plants.
 Reproduction occurs by sexual method.
 Body walls contain only longitudinal muscles.
 They have Pseudocoelom in their body.
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EXAMPLES OF ASCHELMINTHES
Different examples of Aschelminthes are given below:-
(A) Ascaris (B) Enterobius (C) Ancylostoma
(D) Wuchereria
CLASSIFICATION OF ASCHELMINTHES
Aschelminthes are classified into 2 types:-
1. Aphasmidia 2. Phasmidia
Characteristics of Aphasmidia
 Phasmids are absent.
 Amphids are of various types.
 Excretory organs are reduced or absent.
Examples:- Trichinella,Trichuris.
Characteristics of Phasmidia
 Phasmids are present near hind end of the body.
 Amphids are pore like and are present near the anterior end. They are
glandular and are also supposed to be gustatory in function.
 Excretory organs are well developed.
Examples:- Ascaris, Ancylostoma.
STRUCTURE OF Ascaris
BRIEF LIFECYCLE OF ASCHELMINTHES
(Ascaris or ROUNDWORMD)
DISEASES CAUSED BY ASCHELMINTHES
 Ascaris causes ascariasis in humans. This disease is characterised by
weakness, anaemia, impaired digestion and colic pain. It may block the
intestine and prove fatal.
 Pinworms cause enterobiasis or oxyuriasis, which results in itching of the
anus, loss of sleep, digestive and nervous disorders, inflammation of mucus
membrane of colon and appendix.
 Ancylostoma occurs as an endoparasite in small intestine of human beings. It
feeds on blood. It’s larvae enter the human body from moist soil by boring
through the skin of feet. It also causes ancylostomiasis, resulting in anaemia,
mental and physical deficiency.
 Wuchereria causes filariasis or elephantiasis in the legs, arms and scrotum.
 THANK YOU

ABHRADEEP KARMAKAR
.
ADITYA DEB

AISHI MITRA

AISHIK DE

ANWESHA PAUL