Local Materials

LOCAL MATERIALS
& TECHNIQUES
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
1. Define local materials
2. Name some local materials that can be used for
creating art
3. Explain the techniques used in the creation of
artworks
4. Give examples of finished products out of local
materials
5. Create an artwork out of local materials
Local materials
- are the materials that are easily
available from the environment
used in creating art. These are the
things that we can easily find
around us.
Local materials
-are the resources that can be found
readily in large quantity at a particular
location or area at a certain time. It
could also be referred to
as materials that can be used to
fabricate a finished element

AVAILABLE LOCAL
MATERIALS IN OUR REGION
Abaca
- Abaca is a bust fiber. The abaca fiber is
extracted from the stalk of the plant.
Abaca is also known as Manila hemp. It
is a Musasea family plant native to Asia
and planted in humid areas including in
the Philippines and
Techniques in abaca making
`1. uxying -separation of
primary & secondary
sheath
2. stripping -getting the
Techniques in abaca making
3. drying -usually
following the tradition
of sundrying
FINISHED PRODUCTS
FINISHED PRODUCTS
BAMBOO
Singkaban" is a local term for bamboo
arches elaborately designed with kayas
(act of shaving off a stick or length of
Singkaban" is a local term for bamboo arches elaborately designed with kayas (act of shaving off a stick or length of wood with a
wood with a sharp tool). Then, the

sharp tool). Then, the decorated bamboo arches are used as a welcome signage of a town or city.
decorated bamboo arches are used as a

welcome signage of a town or city.
TECHNIQUES USED IN BAMBOO CRAFT
1. Cutting. Cutting a piece of bamboo with a
crosscut saw requires technique. It is best
done on a device that holds the bamboo
firmly while it is being cut. While the right
had pushes the saw back and forth, the left

hand gradually turns the bamboo clockwise.
Turning the bamboo counter-clockwise while
it is being cut will damage the peel.
2. Scraping. Scraping is the process of
removing the outermost skin of the
bamboo while the use of a special tool
called the bamboo scraper. Scraping

however, may be done with a bolo.

3. Marking. Before splitting a piece
of bamboo, it is necessary for the
worker to divide the bamboo into
convenient sizes. Marking prevents

unnecessary waste.
4. Splitting. Splitting is a process of dividing a
piece of bamboo into sizes convenient for
splinting. It is best done with the use of a
specially made bolo which thins gradually on
both sides towards the cutting edge. The

bolo is driven gently with a mallet. A mallet
is a wooden hammer. Using a hammer,
destroy the back portion with a bolo.
5. Splinting. Splinting is a process of
dividing a piece of bamboo into thin
strips for weaving. A specially
designed bolo is used for this

purpose.
7. Width Sizing. Width sizing is the
technique of making the width of
bamboo splints uniform. It is best
done with th use of a special tool

called the width sizer.
8. Thickness Shaving. Thickness
shaving is the process of making the
thickness of splints uniform. It is
done best by passing the splints

through a tool specially designed
for the purpose.
9. Bleaching. Bleaching is treating
bamboo splints by boiling. Boiling
usually done in boiling pan made for
the purpose, dissolves resinous

substances in the bamboo and makes
it no longer attractive to weevils.
10. Dyeing. The process of
introducing coloring substances in the
material by boiling is dyeing. Adding a
little salt while boiling makes the color

fast. Dyed materials should be washed
in fresh water to remove the excess
dyes.
FINISHED PRODUCTS OF BAMBOO
3. BURI
Buri is the largest and most common palm
found in the Philippines. Its scientific name is
Corypha elata Roxb. The plant lives up to
more than 30 years. It grows throughout the
country at low and medium altitudes. The

two known varieties of buri are the red or
linbahon/limbahan and the white or the
lupisan
3. BURI
Otherwise known as silag, the
buri palm tree is characterized
by its large, fan-shaped leaves
from which fibers like the buntal

and raffia are derived.
Technique Used in Buri Craft
Weaving is the process of crossing one
group of threads, the weft, with a
second group of threads, the warp, to
make cloth or a decorative artwork.

The warp are attached to the loom, the
framework used to hold the threads
FINISHED PRODUCTS OF BURI
FINISHED PRODUCTS OF BURI
4. CLAY
Clay is very fine particles of dirt
which float in a stream or river
and then sink to the bottom,
where they press on each other

and stick together.
4. CLAY
You generally find clay along the
banks of a river or stream,
wherever the river is pulling dirt
down off the mountains or hills

and dropping it in a quiet part of
Techniques Used in Clay
1. Coiling
This is perhaps the most simply understood
technique for making clay vessels and
sculptures. Coils of clay are rolled out, and
are built up in a spiral fashion, with the coil

being added joined to the coil below it layer
after layer until the desired wall height and
profile is achieved.
2. Throwing
Wheel throwing is probably what most
people think of when they think of making
pottery. A potter will use a manual or electric
potters wheel to center a ball of spinning

clay, open it into a vessel, and lift and shape
the walls while the wheel is spinning,
thereby producing a symmetrical vessel.
3. Extruding
This technique was borrowed from industry,
and has been adapted by clay artists to fit
the studio scale. An extruder is a tool with a
plunger that forces wet clay through a tube

and out through a die at the end of the tube,
effectively squeezing the clay into a shape
that is determined by the die.
`4. Slip Casting
Slip Casting involves using specially designed
molds that you pour liquified clay into to form
theis ainternal
Singkaban" shape
local term for bamboo of the
arches elaborately designedmold.
with kayas (actThe
of shavingclay
off a stick is
or length of wood with a
poured into the mold and allowed to sit for a
while so the mold can wick some of the water
from the clay, causing a thin layer of more rigid
clay to take the shape of the mold.
FINISHED PRODUCTS OF CLAY
FINISHED PRODUCTS OF CLAY
COCONUT SHELL
is considered a waste that
can be used as a raw product
and by-product for creating

handicrafts for decorative arts

Technique in Coconut Shell Craft
Carving is the act of using tools to shape
something from a material by scraping away
portions of that material. The technique can
be applied to any material that is solid
enough to hold a form even when pieces

have been removed from it, and yet soft
enough for portions to be scraped away with
available tools
FINISHED PRODUCTS OF COCONUT SHELL
FINISHED PRODUCTS OF COCONUT SHELL
6. RICE HAY
Rice hay or straw is produced as
a byproduct of rice production
at harvest.
6. RICE HAY
Rice straw is removed with
the rice grains during harvest
and it ends up being piled or
spread out in the field

depending if it was harvested
RICE HAY
ce hay or straw is produced as a byproduct of rice production at harvest. Rice straw is removed with the rice grains during harvest
d it ends up being piled or spread out in the field depending if it was harvested manually or using machines
Techniques in Rice Hay
Briquetting
Briquettes are produced by
compressing chopped straw into
a cylindrical form through a

briquetting press.
Compacting
Transporting bales after collection
from the field has become feasible
and costs less than transporting

loose straw. However, for high-end
markets, such as industrial cattle
Pelletizing
Pellets are produced based on the
principle of compressing ground straw.
The compression unit is composed of a

horizontal or vertical ring die and rollers

that put pressure on the inner surface
of the ring die
FINISHED PRODUCTS OF RICE HAY
7. RATTAN
Rattan is a naturally renewable
palm that grows in the tropical
regions of Africa, Asia and
Australasia, and is used for

furniture, handicrafts, and building
material among others.
7. RATTAN
Rattan is a naturally renewable
palm that grows in the tropical
regions of Africa, Asia and
Australasia, and is used for

furniture, handicrafts, and building
material among others.
RICE HAY
Techniques in RATTAN
Randing- This is one of the
simplest techniques used to
make a basket. The sides of the
basket are shaped and filled by

the use of single rattan stakes.
Slewing –This is similar to
randing. Two or three strands
of the rattan stakes are used

to shape and fill in the sides

Pairing-this technique for
weaving cane or bamboo
baskets is used when a twist is
given to the two softer strands

which are interwoven between
each pair of stakes of rattan.
Upsetting-This technique uses
three softer strands at the start
of weaving of the basket and
this is continued to finish the

basket.
Waling- This term signifies the
use of three softer strands for
weaving which is carried out as
parts of the cane or bamboo

basket other than where the
weaving commenced.
FINISHED PRODUCTS OF RATTAN
FINISHED PRODUCTS OF RATTAN
`8. CEMENT
Cement is a binder, a substance
used for construction that sets,
hardens, and adheres to other

materials to bind them

together.
`8. CEMENT
Cement mixed with fine
aggregate produces mortar
for masonry, or with sand and

gravel, produces concrete.

RICE HAY
Techniques in CEMENT
Setting- Cement starts to set
when mixed with water,
which causes a series of

hydration chemical reactions.

.
Hardening- Cement hardens when it
comes into contact with water.
This hardening is a process of
crystallization. Crystals form (after a

certain length of time which is known
as the initial set time) and interlock
with each other.
Curing of concrete is defined as
providing adequate moisture,
temperature, and time to allow
the concrete to achieve the

desired properties for its intended
use. ....
FINISHED PRODUCTS OF CEMENT
FINISHED PRODUCTS OF CEMENT

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LOCAL MATERIALS

wood with a sharp tool). Then, the

decorated bamboo arches are used as a

had pushes the saw back and forth, the left

called the bamboo scraper. Scraping

however, may be done with a bolo.

convenient sizes. Marking prevents

both sides towards the cutting edge. The

designed bolo is used for this

done with th use of a special tool

done best by passing the splints

the purpose, dissolves resinous

little salt while boiling makes the color

country at low and medium altitudes. The

from which fibers like the buntal

make cloth or a decorative artwork.

where they press on each other

down off the mountains or hills

are built up in a spiral fashion, with the coil

potters wheel to center a ball of spinning

plunger that forces wet clay through a tube

and by-product for creating

handicrafts for decorative arts

enough to hold a form even when pieces

spread out in the field

a cylindrical form through a

and costs less than transporting

The compression unit is composed of a

horizontal or vertical ring die and rollers

Australasia, and is used for

Australasia, and is used for

basket are shaped and filled by

of the rattan stakes are used

to shape and fill in the sides

given to the two softer strands

this is continued to finish the

parts of the cane or bamboo

hardens, and adheres to other

materials to bind them

for masonry, or with sand and

gravel, produces concrete.

which causes a series of

hydration chemical reactions.

crystallization. Crystals form (after a

the concrete to achieve the

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