SUSTAINABILITY IN

THE MODERN
.INTERIOR COURTYARD
Engineer Rawan Baghdadi -
Interior Design Department

Malath Alharbi - 3720001

 Too Hot To Live” Climate Change In Saudi “
Arabia
• Global warming won't result in higher temperatures,
• Nineteen of the twenty hottest years on record have
occurred since 2001, not including 2020 which is on
track to top the list. Now, research has found that
Saudi Arabia could become too hot to live in by 2070.
• Humidity is a key element in determining whether
temperatures exceed what humans can tolerate. It can
prevent the body from sweating, if the temperature is
high enough and mixed with excessive heat. The
Kingdom of Saudi Arabia has an arid desert climate,
with high temperatures during the day and low
temperatures and little rainfall at night, with the
exception of its western coast. Even healthy, fit people
should avoid spending more than 15 minutes in the
sweltering heat of the summer, despite the fact that
lower humidity makes the heat tolerable to some
extent.
but rather prolonged stretches of insufferable heat
since hotspots are concentrated near the Southern Red
Sea coast, where temperatures are at their worst.
Riyadh (MAT 28°C), a summertime favorite of
government leaders, is one place that stays cool,
although the majority of people cannot afford this
luxury. By 2070, more than half of Saudi Arabia will
be as hot as today's Sahara, leveling the playing field.
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 • Of course, it is conceivable that the Saudi government
would provide AC for each one of its citizens by the
year 2070, solving the issue. But imagine a scenario in
which you spend the entire five to six-month winter
inside because your nation has turned into Mars on
Earth. It is also conceivable that the fishery and
agricultural sectors may suffer significant setbacks, if
not complete extinction. As a result, the Kingdom would
no longer be able to warm our atmosphere with its
essential AC networks without outside assistance. If we
get to this position, things will get hairy very quickly, so
let's take it upon ourselves to educate ourselves, those
around us, and take action where we can while there is
still time.

• Still, a sizable section of Saudi Arabia's population lives in

rural areas, where heat stress is reduced through the
innovative street and building design or time-tested nomadic
lifestyles. These people represent a particularly susceptible
group because not all of them may have access to AC.

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 Several examples serve as illustrations of
the lengthy history of the relationship
between "nature" and architecture. It is
thought that the fabled Hanging Garden
of Babylon was a spectacular structure in
classical antiquity that was close to the
water source and covered with a wide
variety of trees, bushes, and grapevines
in terraced gardens. Roman architect
Vitruvius outlined how residential
structures respond to the environment
and are dependent on water in his Ten
Books on Architecture, which is the
oldest text still in existence in western
architectural theory. Additionally,
designing with natural scenery is
common in the suburban homes of
affluent families. Examples are the
Italian Renaissance gardens created in
the Villa di Castello and the picturesque
English landscape gardens placed around
the structures in Stourhead.
• Biophilia, a movement that embraces and integrates nature, is
one of the sustainable movements that can be considered a
solution for today's environmental issues.
• Biophilic design is a term that refers to the theory, science,
and practice of bringing buildings to life.
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 IT IS CRITICAL TO UNDERSTAND THE PRIMARY
CHARACTERISTICS OR ELEMENTS THAT CAUSE CITIES
.TO BECOME BIOPHILIC

Environmental
features
Natural shapes and Natural patterns and
forms process

Light and space Place-based relationship Evolved human- nature

relationship

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WHY COURTYARD?
It is critical for designers and architects to establish a link between the
outside and the inside; creating more natural interior spaces can
significantly improve the quality of work and living environments, as
well as provide important health benefits to residents and workers.
Indeed, it will have an impact on the quality of the neighborhoods around
them, as well as the users of the space.
The courtyard is one of the traditional architectural forms that
contributed to determining the climatic environment, and physical and
psychological in the courtyard house.
The courtyard plays a significant part in determining the climatic
environment, and physical and psychological in the courtyard house,
over time, many profits of the courtyard cited by scholars in order to
define courtyard social and ecological functions.

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 Each city has its own set of opportunities and possibilities,
but there are a few things that all cities have in common.
Design and planning principles, as well as promoting deep
connections or reconnecting to nature and supporting
healthier communities, is among them.

Presentation title 7
 These Benefits Are Psycho-social Benefits, Cultural Benefits, Religious
Benefits, Economic Benefits, Climatic Benefits And Architectural
Benefits.

Psycho-social Benefits Cultural Benefits Religious Benefits.

Economic Benefits Climatic Benefits Architectural Benefits

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Its water consumption is low, and
it tolerates summer heat and
winter cold

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 How we get there
Actual Natural Features Natural Shapes & Forms Natural Patterns & Processes Colour &Light

Attributes Attributes Attributes Attributes

• Air • Botanical motifs • Sensory richness • composition
• Water • Animal like • Age communication
• Plants • Shells and spirals • •
Patterned wholes Preference
• Animals • Curves and arches
• Bounded spaces • engagement
• Natural materials • Fluid forms
• views and vistas • Abstraction of nature • Complementary • Pragmatics
• Habitats • Inside-outside • contrasts • Natural light
• Fire • Dynamic balance and tension • Filtered light
• Natural ratios and scales • Reflected light
• Light pools
• Warm light
• Light as shape and

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