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Quaid-e-Awam University of Engineering, Science

and Technology Campus Larkana
HOME AUTOMATION FOR ELDERLY AND DISABLED

Presented by Guided by

Aneesa Naz (F-18EL-54)

Aftab Ali (F-18EL-31) Supervisor
Najaf Ali (F-18EL-20)
Sir Assadullah Khuhawar
Submitted for the partial fulfillment
of Co-Supervisor
BE Dr. Syed Abid Ali Shah
in
Electrical Engineering
Department: Electrical Engineering May- 2022 2
 Content
 Abstract
 Introduction
 Literature review
 Objectives
 Description of the project
 Conclusion
 Simulation
 References

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 Abstract
Elderly and disabled people faces many challenges and home automation play an important role in making their life
easier. This can enhance independence. Our FYP is Arduino based home automation system that uses Arduino Uno,
Bluetooth module HC 05,1N4007 diode, 2n2222 Bipolar Transistor, relays and 220V AC voltage source. Using these
equipment home automation project can control home appliances like fans, lamps, motor etc. This methodology is
implemented in such a manner that it works with artificial intelligence. In addition this system is controlled by using
android app (by connecting android app to Bluetooth module of the project).
We are also adding an eye blink detection technology in our project (to control home appliances).This will help people
who have locked-in syndrome(a disease in which patients can not move their body but can only blink their eyes and their
mental function are not affected), this technology uses IR glass and IR sensor, the purpose of this blink sensor is to sense
an eye blink in real time. This system analyses eye blink and differentiate between an intentional blink and normal eye
blink.
 
Our FYP is the best option for those who have trouble with mobility. Furthermore controlling lighting from everywhere
with the help of smartphone saves electricity and ensure energy efficiency.

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 Introduction

 Now a days there are so many home automation projects which give the facility of controlling
tube lights, fans and other electrical appliances at home but they are not cost effective.
 Our project will provide a cost effective Arduino based home automation system which can give
the user, the ability to control any electronic device without eve spending for a remote control.
This project helps the user to control different home appliances using Bluetooth of their smart
phone.
 We are also adding eye blink detection technology in our project(to control home appliances
through eye blink). This will help people who have locked in syndrome (a disease in which
patients can not move their body but can only blink their eyes and their mental function are not
affected).
 Eye blink detection technology uses IR sensor, the purpose of this blink sensor is to sense an
eye blink in real time. This system analyses eye blink and differentiate between intentional blink
and normal eye blink.

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 Literature review
Sr. Author Title Source Findings/Remark
N
o.
1 G Arun Embedded System based Smart Annalsofrscb.ro Through this IOT based
Francis(2021) Automation for Elderly & automation system elderly
Disabled people and disabled persons can
turn ON/OFF appliances
through android app. This
application is capable of
tracking the location of
person through GPS.

2 Srushti Sachdev Gesture-Controlled Home
(2020) Automation for Disabled and
Elderly
IEEE (fourth This paper presents home
international conference) automation systems which
recognizes gestures and
hence provide automated
device control.

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 Literature review Continue..
Sr. Author Title Source Findings/Remark
N
o.
3 Khusvinder A ZigBee-based home IEEE International  A ZigBee based home
Gill(2009) automation system automation system and Wi-Fi
Conference network are integrated through
a common home gateway. The
home gateway provides
network interoperability, a
simple and flexible user
interface, and remote access to
the system.

4 Zaheer Ahmad IoT Smart home for paralyzed International journal of This paper presents the idea
Wassan (2021) patients through eye blink advanced trends in of IoT based home
Computer Science and automation system that uses
Engineering. Arduino Nano and various
sensors and infrared sensor
for eye blink detection.

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 Objectives
Objective of our final year project are
 to make Arduino based home automation system which can be controlled by
android app to help elderly & disabled people.
 To help people who have locked-in syndrome by adding eye blink detection
technology in our project( they'll be able to control home appliances through
eye blink)
 Our aim is to provide super-cost effective home automation system to elderly
and disabled people of Pakistan
 Our project focuses on making it possible for elderly and disabled people to
stay at home, safe and comfortable.

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 Description of the project
This project is one of the important Arduino projects. Arduino based home
automation using Bluetooth project helps the user to control any electronic
device using device control app on their android smart phone and our project
also help locked in syndrome patients to control home appliances through
eye blink.
The android app sends commands to controller-Arduino, through wireless
communication namely, Bluetooth. The Arduino is connected to the main PCB
which has three relays as shown in block diagram. These relays can be
connected to different electronic devices.
When the user presses on the “ON” button displayed on the app for the
device 1, the fan is switched on.

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 Hardware Requirements
The list of components mentioned here are specifically for controlling 3 different
loads. IR SENSOR
 Arduino Uno
 HC-05 Bluetooth module 3 RELAY FAN
 IR Sensor ARDUINO
UNO
SWITCH
 BOARD LAMP
1N4007 Diode X 3
 Resistor X 3 MOTOR
 12V Relay X 3
 Bread board BLUETOOTH MODULE
 Connecting Wires HC-05

 220V Power Supply

 Smart Phone or Tablet (Bluetooth enabled)

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0
 Software Requirement
 Arduino IDE Compiler
 Proteus 8.13
 Android Application

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 Description of Hardware Required
Arduino Uno
Arduino UNO is a low-cost, flexible, and easy-to-use programmable
open-source microcontroller board that can be integrated into a
variety of electronic projects. This board can be interfaced with
other Arduino boards, Arduino shields and
can control relays, LEDs, servos, and motors as an output.
Arduino Uno is microcontroller board. It has 14 digital input/output
pins. This board contains a USB interface i.e. USB cable is used to
connect the board with the computer and Arduino IDE
(Integrated Development Environment) software is used to
program the board.
The operating voltage of the unit is 5V which projects the
microcontroller on the board and its associated circuitry
operates at 5V while the input voltage ranges between 6V to
20V and the recommended input voltage ranges from 7V to 12V.

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 Description of Hardware Required (continue…)
Bluetooth Module HC-05
The HC-05 is a popular Bluetooth module which can add two-way (full-duplex) wireless functionality
to the projects.
HC-05 Technical Specifications
• Serial Bluetooth module for Arduino and other microcontrollers
• Operating Voltage: 4V to 6V (Typically +5V)
• Operating Current: 30mA
• Can operate in Master, Slave or Master/Slave mode
• Can be easily interfaced with Laptop or Mobile phones
• with Bluetooth

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 Description of Hardware Required (continue…)
HC-05 Bluetooth Module Interfacing with Arduino UNO
HC-05 is a Bluetooth device used for wireless communication with Bluetooth enabled devices (like
smartphone).
We can connect Arduino Uno with Bluetooth module HC-05 by taking following steps:
• We will connect RX pin(receiver pin) of Bluetooth module with TX pin(transmitter pin/Digital pin1) of
Arduino Uno.
• We’ll connect TX pin of Bluetooth module with RX pin/Digital pin 0 of Arduino Uno.
• Ground of Bluetooth module will be connected to the ground of Arduino Uno.
• VCC pin of Bluetooth module will be connected to 5V of Arduino Uno.
Interfacing Diagram

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 IR Sensor
IR sensor is an electronic device, that emits the light in order to sense some object of the surroundings.
An IR Sensor can measure the heat of an object as well as detects the motion. Usually, in the infrared
spectrum, all the objects radiate some form of thermal radiation. These types of radiations are invisible to
our eyes, but infrared sensor can detect these radiations.

Arduino IR Sensor Interfacing

An infrared sensor or IR Sensor is an electronic device that emits infrared lights to sense some aspect of
the surroundings and can be employed to detect the motion of an object.
IR Sensor Pinout
The IR sensor has a 3-pin connector that interfaces it to the outside world. The connections are as follows:
• VCC  is the power supply pin for the IR sensor which we connect to the 5V pin on the Arduino.
• OUT pin is a 5V TTL logic output. LOW indicates no motion is detected; HIGH means motion is detected.
• GND Should be connected to the ground of the Arduino.

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 Arduino IR Sensor Interfacing

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 Simulation

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 Conclusion

 Our FYP is the best option for those who have trouble with mobility.
Furthermore controlling lighting from everywhere with the help of
smartphone saves electricity and ensure energy efficiency.

 This system will also be able to bring good stability in daily life routine of
disabled people.

 Our FYP will provide super-cost effective automation system for elderly
and patients of locked-in syndrome.

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 References
Item name Type NO. Of Units Per Unit cost(in Rs) Total(in Rs)
Arduino Uno R3 Equipment 1 4280 4280
Bluetooth Module HC05 Equipment 1 2020 2020

IN4007 diode Equipment 3 50 150

2N2222 Equipment 3 50 150
resistor Equipment 3 50 150
IR sensor Equipment 1 2220 2220
12V relay Equipment 3 100 300
copper coil of wire Equipment 1 6000 6000
Total 15270
We have submitted our project proposal for ignite funding. We will compare the simulation and
hardware result and will submit to the conference of journal paper which will held on December at
Mehran University(The international conference on Emerging technologies in Electronics,
Computing and Communication).
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 References
• Stolojescu-Crisan, C.; Crisan, C.; Butunoi, B.-P. An IoT-Based Smart Home Automation
System. Sensors 2021, 21, 3784. https://doi.org/10.3390/s21113784

• J. Jaihar, N. Lingayat, P. S. Vijaybhai, G. Venkatesh and K. P. Upla, "Smart Home Automation Using
Machine Learning Algorithms", 2020 International Conference for Emerging Technology (INCET), pp. 1-4,
2020

• T. Ahmed, A. T. Bin Nuruddin, A. B. Latif, S. S. Arnob and R. Rahman, "A Real-Time Controlled Closed Loop
IoT Based Home Surveillance System for Android using Firebase", 2020 6th International Conference on
Control Automation and Robotics (ICCAR), pp. 601-606, 2020.

• A. Biswas, D. Biswas, S. S. Chauhan and A. Borwankar, "Smart Home Equipment Control System with
Raspberry Pi and Yocto", 2020 Fourth World Conference on Smart Trends in Systems Security and
Sustainability (WorldS4), pp. 553-558, 2020

• Wafa Alrajhi, Dalal Alaloola and Amenah Albarqawi, "Smart Home: Toward Daily Use of BCI-Based
Systems", IEEE, 2017
• Desai Pratikkumar Bhemjibhaih, Garde Deval Sanjay, V Sreejith and Bijil Prakash, "Brain-Computer Interface Based Home
Automation System for Paralyzed People", 2018 IEEE Recent Advances in Intelligent Computational Systems (RAICS),
December 06 - 08, 2018.

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