Juan Alejandro P.

Padida Gr 5 St James the Great

CHESS
 What is Chess?

Chess is a board game a board with 64 squares and 32 pieces but

divided into 2 groups so each group so there are 16 pieces for each
group. The 2 groups/teams are called the white and the black
 History of Chess
The history of chess can be traced back nearly 1500 years to its earliest known predecessor, called chaturanga, in 
India; its prehistory is the subject of speculation. From India, it spread to Persia. Following the 
Arab invasion and conquest of Persia, chess was taken up by the Muslim world and subsequently spread to 
southern Europe. The game evolved roughly into its current form by about 1500 CE.
"Romantic chess" was the predominant playing style from the late 18th century to the 1880s. [1] Chess games of this
period emphasized quick, tactical maneuvers rather than long-term strategic planning. [1] The Romantic era of play
was followed by the Scientific, Hypermodern, and New Dynamism eras.[1] In the second half of the 19th century,
modern chess tournament play began, and the first official World Chess Championship was held in 1886. The 20th
century saw great leaps forward in chess theory and the establishment of the World Chess Federation. In 1997, an 
IBM supercomputer beat Garry Kasparov, the then world chess champion, in the famous 
Deep Blue versus Garry Kasparov match, ushering the game into an era of computer domination. Since then,
computer analysis – which originated in the 1970s with the first programmed chess games on the market – has
contributed to much of the development in chess theory and has become an important part of the preparation in
professional human chess. Later developments in the 21st century made the use of computer analysis far surpassing
the ability of any human player accessible to the public. Online gaming, which first appeared in the mid-1990s,
also became popular in the 21st century.
 Equipment

A board with 16 white pieces and 16 black pieces

 What are all the pieces?

Pawn- Knight-
Queen-

Rook- Bishop-
King-
 How do you place the pieces in the
starting position?
The rooks are placed on the corner of the board. The knights are beside the rook. Bishops are placed beside the knight.
The king and queen placement depend on the color of the pieces. If the queen is white, it’s placed in the white square
and if black it’s placed in the black square. If the king is white, it’s placed on the black square and if the king is black
it’s placed in the white square. The 8 pawns are placed at the front of the official pieces.
How do the pieces move?

All of the pieces move differently in their unique way. Now let’s talk about how the
pieces move
 Pawn
•First move. The first time a pawn moves, it has the option of moving one square forward or two squares forward.
•Capturing. The pawn is the only chess piece that can capture other pieces in a method that’s different from how it
normally moves. The pawn captures by moving one square diagonally forward to the left or right.
•En passant capture. En passant—French for “in passing”—is an unusual rule that applies specifically to pawns and
involves a special move. Let’s say you’re playing as white and you choose to move your pawn two squares forward on
its first move. If on that move, the pawn lands on a square adjacent to a black pawn on its fifth rank, the enemy pawn
may still capture the white pawn. The capture must be made immediately on the next move, or the right to capture en
passant is forfeit. If an en passant capture is the only legal move that can be made, it must be played.  

•Pawn promotion. If a pawn reaches the opposite side of the

board, it can be promoted to a piece of the player’s choosing—a
rook, a bishop, a knight, or a queen—and is immediately
replaced by the new piece. In this scenario, it’s rare for anything
other than the queen—the most powerful piece—to be chosen as
the replacement.

Picture of En passant
pawn moves and capture
Knight
The knight moves like an L shape pattern. It is the only piece that can jump through pieces. It captures also in L
shape pattern. It also moves differently than the rest of the pieces.
Bishop
The bishop only moves diagonally. It also captures diagonally. There are 2 kinds of a bishop the light-squared and
dark-squared.
 Rook

The rook moves horizontally and vertically like a straight line. It also captures horizontally and
vertically.
Queen

The queen is the most powerful piece because it can move vertically, horizontally, and diagonally. It can capture
vertically, horizontally, and diagonally.
 King
The king is the most important piece but the weakest piece because it can only move one square at a time vertically,
Horizontally, and diagonally. It captures one square vertically, horizontally, and diagonally. The reason why the king
is so important is that it’s the piece you need to defend because once the king is checkmated, you lose.
 What are check and checkmate?
Check is when the king is about to get captured so you have to block with another piece, capture the piece that checked
the king or move the king to a safe square. Checkmate is where the king cannot escape the check and is completely
trapped in a check.

Example of a king that is checked.

Example of a king that is
checkmated
 What is a stalemate?

A stalemate happens when the player can’t make any more moves but its not in checkmate.
 Rules
1. Once you touch a piece you have to move it somewhere else.
2. You can only look at the board while playing.
3. If the player wants to quit the game they can forfeit or resign the game which means the opponent wins.
4. If the player wants to draw he/she can offer a draw but only if the opponents accept the draw but if the opponent
declines the draw then the game will continue.
That’s all you need to know about chess I hope you like my presentation and a happy new year 2022 Thank
you and God Bless.