GROUP 2

SHIP’S CONTINGENCY
PLAN
Leader:
DINLASAN, Romar
Assistant Leader:
ENRIQUEZ, Carelle Dhein
Members:
DELA CRUZ, Gian Andrei
DUGOS, Gwynn Benjamin
ENDAYA, Jhon Christian
ESCORPEZO, Erruellson
ESGUERRA, Matt Anjoime
FRANCISCO, Raphael
FIGUEROA, Marc Lorenzo
GARCIA JR, Leandro
Objectives of the Study

• Understand what is
contingency plan onboard.
• Understand the
importance of
contingency plan.
What is Contingency Plan?
Contingency Plan
• The Contingency Plan provides
guidelines and instructions that assist
in making an efficient response
to emergency situations
onboard ships.
• It contains action plan and duties of
every possible emergencies onboard.
• An emergency can occur at any time
and in any situation.

MIDN. DINLASAN
Contingency Plan
• Effective action is only possible if
pre-planned and practical procedures
have been developed and are
frequently exercised.
• If the vessel encounters a dangerous
situation that may develop into an
emergency, it is extremely important
that the whole crew know what they
should do to save their lives and
minimize damage.

MIDN. DINLASAN
Contingency Plan
• The crew must be drilled to take certain
actions more or less automatically.
• However, nobody must act without
considering the superfluous
consequences.
• These plans should be used actively
during emergency drills.
• The objective of an emergency plan is
to make the best use of the resources
available.

MIDN. DINLASAN
 • If a ship is involved in an accident or
emergency situation Master must
Report the matter to Coast Guard or
Harbour Authority & to Company as
Contingency soon as possible.
• In order to save valuable time and to
Plan transmit maximum information, a
standard form of initial report which
follows IMO GUIDELINES should be
made as follows:

MIDWN. ENRIQUEZ
 • Name of ship
• Ships position (lat/long, brg,
port/berth)
• Ports to and from
IMO • Nature of casualty (collision,
grounding, fire, oil spill, etc.)
GUIDELINES • Nature and extent of damage
• Name of charterer or agent with any
contact names and after hours or
emergency phone numbers

MIDWN. ENRIQUEZ
 • Name, nationality, type and situation
of any other ship involved
• Any casualties or fatalities
• Nature of any services required
IMO (towage, helicopter, lifeboat, medical,
fire, etc).
GUIDELINES • State of weather and sea, present and
forecast
• Other relevant comments
• Date and time of report.

MIDWN. ENRIQUEZ
 In the event of a spillage of cargo or
bunkers the following items should be
added:
• Type of oil or cargo spilled
IMO • Cause of incident, if known eg.
Overflow, burst hose, hull damage, etc
GUIDELINES • Estimate of quantity spilled
• Estimated current rate of spillage
• Whether clean up has been attempted
by ship or a third party.

MIDWN. ENRIQUEZ
On board, commonly, there are 5 teams for
handling emergencies

1.Bridge Team (Command Team)

2.Emergency Team 1 (In charge chief officer)
3.Emergency Team 2 (In charge 2nd engineer)
4.Support Team (Service Team)
5.Technical Team (Chief Engineer)
MIDN. FRANCISCO
The plans should be directed at achieving the
following aims:

1.Rescue and treatment of casualties

2.Safeguarding others
3.Minimizing damage to property and environment
4.Bringing the incident under control

MIDN. FRANCISCO
The plans should include advice on the
following:

1.Fire
2.Collision
3.Grounding
4.Cargo Spillage/Leak
5.Personnel Casualty
MIDN. FRANCISCO
 List of Various Shipboard Emergency and
Contingency Plans

• EMERGENCY TOWING
• FLOODING
• FIRE
• EXPLOSION
• EMERGENCY STEERING
• POWER FAILURE
MIDN. FRANCISCO
 • An emergency tow vessel, also
Emergency Towing called emergency towing vessel, (ETV) is a
multi purpose boat used by state authorities to
tow disabled vessels on high seas in order to
prevent dangers to man and environment.
• The disabled vessel is either towed to a safe
haven or kept in place against wind and
current until commercial assistance by Tug
boat has arrived on site or until it has been
repaired to the extent of being able to
manoeuvre on its own.

MIDN. DELA CRUZ

Ship’s Contingency Plan for • Decide if a towing operation is the best
Emergency Towing practicable solution.
• Discuss the situation with the Chief Engineer
regarding the use of the vessel’s engines for
this purpose.
• Notify owner before any towing operation is
initiated.
• Await management reply. The hull insurance
and shipper’s agreement may have to be
obtained.

MIDN. DELA CRUZ

Ship’s Contingency Plan for • Check own towing equipment. Put up a list of
Emergency Towing
the insurance wire (if any), other heavy
wires/hawsers, anchor chains, shackles, and
other equipment. The dimension and strength
of each of these items are needed.
• Find out, if possible, your own towing pull at
your present draft by varying speeds.
• Consider - the required towing pull necessary
to tow the vessel in distress

MIDN. DELA CRUZ

Ship’s Contingency Plan for • Make a plan of your poop deck with fairleads
Emergency Towing
and bollards and find out which bollards have
the necessary strength to be utilised for
towing.
• Keep management well informed of the
proceedings.
• Note all activities in the logbook. Prepare a
log extract of the incident when operations are
ended.

MIDN. DELA CRUZ

Flooding • Is the result of water ingress onboard
and can affect the watertight integrity
and finally the stability of the vessel.
• Its impact may be catastrophic when
water enters spaces which are
designated as dry areas, such as cargo
holds and engine room.

MIDN. DUGOS
Ship’s Contingency Plan for -Sound appropriate emergency stations signal
Flooding & call Master
-Crew to ‘Stand-By’.
-Main Engine(s) to Stand-By, ships speed
reduced to manoeuvring revs.
-Manoeuver ship as required to:
• Safeguard personnel
• Reduce effect of flooding (if cause
known).

MIDN. DUGOS
Ship’s Contingency Plan for -Nominated personnel under direction of
Flooding Chief Officer (Deck) & Chief Engineer
(Machinery Space) to take soundings of tanks
& spaces to establish:
• Extent of flooding
• Approximate rate of water ingress.
-As a precaution prepare survival craft &
other life saving appliance (EPIRBS etc). In
this case, ship to be stopped in water.

MIDN. DUGOS
Ship’s Contingency Plan for
-Inform relevant shore/port state authorities
Flooding dependent upon Seriousness of situation, but
notifying Cie in any event.
-From soundings data obtained:
• Calculate present effects of flooding on
stability & stress
• Calculate effect on stability & stress for
any anticipated corrective actions to be
taken against flooding e.g. to correct
any resultant list etc.

MIDN. DUGOS
Ship’s Contingency Plan for -If answer to this is no, then what is probable
Flooding final effect of flooding with regards to stability.
-Where possible, pump out flooded spaces
using ships fixed pumping system . Otherwise
use portable equipment.
-Where possibility exists, make preparation for
oil pollution prevention (Ref SOPEP Manual).
-Use on board materials where possible to stem
flow of water dunnage mattresses.

MIDN. DUGOS
• Is one of the most serious risks for property and
persons, as well as for the surrounding Fire
environment.
• A ship is evidently subject to the same risks
with regard to fire as a civil or industrial land
structure.
• On board ship there are tons of liquid fuel,
electrical equipment, air-conditioning plants,
engines, boilers, stores of flammable material
and crew accommodation areas (kitchens, mess
rooms, lounges, cabins, WCs).

MIDN. ENDAYA
• To all this we must add the load, which in cargo
vessels consists of a high percentage of solid Fire
and liquid goods that are flammable or at least
combustible, and often of a dangerous nature.
• In passenger ships the load consists of
accommodation and entertainment facilities for
the passengers and, in ferries, of a large garage
for motor vehicles.
• Offshore rigs and tanker storage ships are
essentially oil plants.

MIDN. ENDAYA
• Call Master & start fire alarm.
• Shut off fans, dampers, skylights, fire doors, Ship’s Contingency Plan for
Fire
other openings, stairways, ramps etc.
• Locate fir
• Crew ‘stand-by’ – prepare for fire fighting
• Prepare life-boats & life-saving equipment
• Keep radio station a ‘STAND-BY’ - with
current & updated position available.
• Show applicable signal from International Code
of Signals. (VHF could also be used to indicate
distress).

MIDN. ENDAYA
• Check that nobody is missing & trapped
Ship’s Contingency Plan for
(verify at MUSTER stations). Fire
• Fix time & position.
• Seal off (gas - tight) the affected area.
• Search affected area.
• Decide on best way to fight fire based on:
all available information & knowledge of
contents of affected area & its surrounding’
information on hazardous & dangerous
goods onboard.

MIDWN. ENRIQUEZ
PAY ATTENTION TO: Ship’s Contingency Plan For
• Risks for explosion & spread of fire – on Fire
board & ashore
• Loss of stability when using water
• Water shall not be used on electrical
equipment
• That use of CO2 could require up to 8–10
days. Keep & area shut off. (Order
replacement of CO2 for next port of call)

MIDWN. ENRIQUEZ
 Ship’s Contingency Plan For
• Towage/salvage could be needed. (Plan Fire
Salvage of own ship to be used).
• Report to Company by fastest & most
efficient way. Keep it continuously
informed.
• Continuously watch & measure temperature
in affected area & its surroundings.

MIDWN. ENRIQUEZ
• Is a rapid increase in volume and release
of energy in an extreme manner, usually Explosion
with the generation of high temperatures
and the release of gases.
• Supersonic explosions created by high
explosives are known as detonations and
travel via supersonic shock waves.
• Subsonic explosions are created by low
explosives through a slower burning process
known as deflagration.

MIDN. ESCORPEZO
 Ship’s Contingency Plan For
• Raise the Emergency alarm. Explosion
• Determine Location of the fire/explosion.
• Check for oil/hazardous substances,
pollution & possibility of one.
• Determine any casualties and provide
FIRST AID if necessary.
• Find out the type of fire.
• If necessary start the fire pump.

MIDN. ESCORPEZO
 Ship’s Contingency Plan For
• In case of engine room fire start the Explosion
emergency fire pump and close the isolating
valve.
• Close all the QCVs (quick closing valves).
Contain and extinguish the fire (using fixed
system if necessary).
• Set up emergency distress transmitter and
keep ready for use.

MIDN. ESCORPEZO
Emergency Steering • An emergency steering system, as the
name suggests, is a system which is used
during the failure of the
main steering system of the ship.
• To have control the steering of the ship at
such emergency situation with manual
measure from within the steering gear
room, an emergency steering system is
used.

MIDN. GARCIA
Ship’s Contingency Plan For BRIDGE:
Emergency Steering • Call Master.
• Exhibit “Not Under Command” signals.
• Main Engine to be stopped.
• If in DANGER of grounding consider:
Emergency Steering. Anchoring. Towage.
• Inform Coastguard and shipping in vicinity.
• Inform Company

MIDN. GARCIA
Ship’s Contingency Plan For
Emergency Steering
ENGINE ROOM:
• Call Chief Engineer.
• Locate fault.
• Check Electrical Supply.
• Check oil levels.
• Change over to emergency steering (if required).
• Test steering gear/bridge talkback system.
• Proceed on passage
MIDN. GARCIA
Power Failure • Occurs when the generation or
distribution of power is dysfunctional
resulting in blackout.
• Main causes of power failure.
• Human error.
• Electrical failure due to overload or
as a result of starting bow thrusters
and deck machinery.

MIDN. FIGUEROA
Ship’s Contingency Plan For
Power Failure
BRIDGE:
• Call Master.
• Exhibit “Not Under Command” signals.
• If in danger of grounding, consider:
Anchoring. Towage.
• Inform Coastguard and shipping in
vicinity.
• Inform Company
MIDN. FIGUEROA
 ENGINE ROOM:
Ship’s Contingency Plan For
Power Failure
• Locate fault.
• Check prime mover is running.
• Check reverse power/preference trips rest.
• Standby pumps to manual mode.
• Restore switchboard power.
• Restart all required pumps and auxiliary
machinery.
• Check appropriate ships side valves open.
MIDN. FIGUEROA
Ship’s Contingency Plan For • Restart ventilation fans.
Power Failure
• Restart main engine systems.
• Prepare for sea going condition (i.e. all systems
operational).
• Restart main engine.
• Standby pumps to automatic mode.
• Check sewage system.
• Inform Bridge that power restored.

MIDN. FIGUEROA
Importance of Drills
Drills
• REGULAR FIRE-FIGHTING & LIFE-
SAVING APPLIANCE DRILLS must be
carried out in accordance with
requirements of Merchant Shipping Notice
No…
• The events at such exercises must be
recorded in Official Log Book & in Safety
& Loadline Inspection & Maintenance Log.
• Master shall ensure that DRILLS are
carried out for the identified emergencies.

MIDN. ESGUERRA
Drills
The purpose of these DRILLS is
to:
• Improve awareness of
potential hazards facing
personnel & ships.
• Increase standard & speed of
response to identified potential
emergency situations.

MIDN. ESGUERRA
Different Alarms Onboard Ship
Alarms onboard
• A maritime emergency at sea does not
come with an alarm. Still, ship emergency
signals and alarms can help us tackle a
crisis or avoid an emergency efficiently
and in the right way.
• Emergency signals or alarms on a ship are
installed all over the vessel’s various
systems and machinery to notify the crew
about a dangerous situation that can arise
from different types of emergencies
onboard the ship.

MIDN. ESGUERRA
Alarms onboard
• Emergency alarms are of the audible and
visual type to ensure that a person can
listen to the audible alarm when working
in an area where seeing a visual alarm is
not possible and vice versa.
• It is a standard practice in the international
maritime industry to have an emergency
alarm on the ship for a particular warning
that is similar for all seagoing vessels, no
matter in which seas they are sailing or to
which company they belong.

MIDN. ESGUERRA
Types of Alarms on Ships
1) General Alarm
2) Fire Alarm on the Ship
3) Man Overboard Alarm
4) Abandon Ship Alarm
5) Navigational Alarm
6) Machinery Space Alarm
7) Machinery Space CO2 Alarm
8) Cargo Space CO2 Alarm
9) Ship Security Alarm System

MIDN. DINLASAN
General Alarm
• The general emergency alarm on the ship is
recognized by 7 short ringing's of the bell followed by
a long ring or using the ship horn signal of 7 short
blasts followed by 1 long blast.
• The general alarm in a ship is sounded to make the
crew aware that an emergency has occurred, such as
fire, collision, grounding, or a scenario that can lead to
abandoning the ship etc.
• The vessel general alarm system activation point is
located in the navigation bridge. Once the general
alarm signal onboard is activated, i.e. seven short one
long blasts (7 short 1 long blast), every ship crew must
follow the instruction and duty’s listed in the muster
list and proceed to the designated muster station.

MIDN. DINLASAN
General Alarm
• Action to be taken by the crew once ship
general alarm is sounded:
• Proceed to the designated muster stations
• Listen to the Public Addressing (PA) system
for the type of emergency (usually
announced by OOW, Chief officer or
Captain) leading to the general alarm on a
ship.
• Once the nature of the emergency is known,
the crew member must re-group as per the
Squad and take corrective action to tackle
the situation as per the muster plan.

MIDN. DINLASAN
Fire Alarm on the Ship
• Whenever there is a fire detected on the vessel by its
crew, they should raise the alarm signal onboard ship
by pressing the nearest fire switch or by loudly and
continuously shouting “FIRE FIRE FIRE”. The ship’s
fire alarm signal is sounded as the continuous ringing
of the ship’s electrical bell or the continuous sounding
of the ship’s horn.
• The fire signal must be a continuous blast of the
whistle or electrical bell for not less than 10 seconds.
However, in most of the vessels, the fire signal is rung
continuously on the alarm bell.
• Once the master decides to dismiss the crew from fire
stations, the general alarm will be sounded three times,
followed by three short blasts of the ship’s whistle.

MIDN. DELA CRUZ

Fire Alarm on the Ship
• Action to be taken by the crew
once the ships fire alarm is
sounded:
• Proceed to the fire station
• Confirm the location of the fire
• Perform the duty listed in the muster
list as per the team assigned

MIDN. DELA CRUZ

Man Overboard Alarm
• There have been many situations when a crew
working on the ship-side or a passenger in a cruise
ship fell in the water at high seas. When a man falls
overboard, the man overboard alarm sound signal is
activated on the ship.
• The MOB alarm signal comprises the vessel’s internal
alarm bell for 3 long rings to notify the crew onboard,
along with 3 long blasts on the ship whistle to inform
the other ships in the nearby vicinity.
• A man overboard signal comprising light and smoke
can also be mounted in the bridge, attached by the
side of the lifebuoy. When thrown in the water, it will
emit smoke and light to draw the ship’s crew or other
ship around the vicinity.

MIDN. ENDAYA
Abandon Ship Alarm
• When the emergency on board ship goes out of hand,
and the ship is no longer safe for the crew on board
ship, the signal for abandon ship is given verbally by
the master to the station in charge of the crew on the
ship’s Personal Addressing (PA) system.
• More than six short blasts and one prolonged blast
on the ship’s whistle and the same signal on the
general alarm bell is used as an abandon ship alarm
or sound signal onboard ship. However, the alarm
sounded is similar to a general alarm; and everybody
comes to the emergency muster station where the
master or his substitute (Chief Officer) gives a verbal
order to abandon the ship.

MIDN. GARCIA
Abandon Ship Alarm
• Action to be taken by the crew once
Abandon ship is announced or sounded:

• Carry your lifejacket/ immersion suit to the

designated muster station
• Carry any additional items (Blanket/ ration/
water etc.) as stated under the duty in the
muster list
• Avoid taking longer routes and routes going
from inside the accommodation to the muster
station
• Wait for the master’s order to abandon ship

MIDN. GARCIA
Navigational Alarm
• In the navigation bridge, most of the
navigational equipment and navigation
lights are fitted with failure alarms.
• If any of these malfunctions, a ship
alarm signal on the bridge will be
sounded whose details (location,
equipment affected, type of problem
etc.) will be displayed on the
notification screen provided on the
bridge navigation panel.

MIDN. DUGOS
Navigational Alarm
• Action to be taken by the crew once
the navigational alarm is sounded:

• Check which equipment the alarm is

concerning to
• Try to locate the fault due to which the
alarm is coming
• Rectify the fault or switch the standby
equipment if needed

MIDN. DUGOS
Machinery Space Alarm
• The ship’s engine room is fitted with
different machinery, which is
continuously monitored for its operation
using a control and monitoring system.
• The machinery in the engine room has
various safety devices and alarms fitted
for safe operation. If any machinery
malfunctions, a common engine room
alarm is operated, and the problem can be
seen in the control room alarm panel,
which will display the alarm.

MIDN. DINLASAN
Machinery Space Alarm
• Action to be taken by the crew once
the engine room alarm is sounded:

• Check which machinery/system the

alarm is concerning to
• Try to locate the fault due to which the
alarm is coming
• Rectify the fault or switch the standby
machinery if needed

MIDN. DINLASAN
Machinery Space CO2 Alarm
• The machinery space is fitted with a CO2
fixed fire extinguishing system. The audible
and visual alarm for the CO2 fixed
firefighting system is entirely different from
the machinery space alarm and other ship
alarm signals for easy reorganization.
• The audible alarms shall be located to be
audible throughout the protected space with
all machinery operating. The alarms should
be distinguished from other audible alarms
by adjustment of sound pressure or sound
patterns.

MIDN. ENRIQUEZ
Machinery Space CO2 Alarm
• The alarm should activate upon
opening the release cabinet door,
which is used to open and release
the CO2 bottle banks.
• Action to be taken by the crew
once the navigational alarm is
sounded.

MIDN. ENRIQUEZ
Cargo Space CO2 Alarm
• The ship’s cargo spaces are also fitted
with a fixed firefighting system that
has a different alarm when operated.
• The audible and visual alarm for the
CO2 fixed firefighting system is
entirely different from other ship
alarms; the audible alarm should be
distinguished from other alarms in a
ship by adjusting sound pressure or
sound patterns.

MIDN. FIGUEROA
Cargo Space CO2 Alarm
• Action to be taken by the crew
once the navigational alarm is
sounded:
• Take a headcount of the crew
• Ensure the cargo hold is sealed and
no crew is inside
• Ensure all the ventilation systems for
cargo hold are shut

MIDN. FIGUEROA
Ship Security Alarm System
• As per the SOLAS Chapter XI
regulation XI-2/5, all ships shall be
provided with a ship security alert
system.
• The Ship Security Alarm system
(SSAS) is silent sounded in a pirate
attack emergency.

MIDN. GARCIA
Ship Security Alarm System
• When the SSAS is activated, no
alarm is sounded on board the ship
nor alert other vessels in the vicinity.
• Instead, this signal notifies different
coastal authorities or competent
authorities, whose proximity the
ship is presently operating via a
global satellite system to inform
about the piracy.

MIDN. GARCIA
 Thank you for listening!
Reporters:
Leader:
DINLASAN, Romar
Assistant Leader:
ENRIQUEZ, Carelle Dhein
Members:
DELA CRUZ, Gian Andrei
DUGOS, Gwynn Benjamin
ENDAYA, Jhon Christian
ESCORPEZO, Erruellson
ESGUERRA, Matt Anjoime
FRANCISCO, Raphael
FIGUEROA, Marc Lorenzo
GARCIA JR, Leandro