Make Inferences and Draw

Conclusion
Arranged by :
Asirida Waruwu (212108008)
Ayu Kartika Zai (212108011)
Mince Hura (212108070)

Class/semester : A/2
Course : Intermediate Reading
Lecturer : Dra. Nursayani Maruao, M.Pd
Formulation Of The Problem

1. What is the definition of inferences and

conclusion?
2. What is form of inferences?
3. How about inferences in reading
4. How to make inference and draw
Conclusion?
5.What is the differences between make
inferences and draw conclusion?
A. Definition of Inferences and Conclusion
• An inference is an assumed fact, based on
information you have at your disposal, from
what you have read, or from what you have
observed.

• A conclusion is the final idea you develop as

the next logical step from information you've
read or have obtained from observations.
B.What 2.Deductive
inference
are the Deductive inference
forms of works in the
opposite way - you
inference? begin with an idea or
theory.

1.Inductive inference
Induction begins with
making observations
or carefully reading
a piece of text.
C. Function of inferences

Making inference while reading could help

readers understand the content more thoroughly
and catch the author's purpose and attitude
more efficiently.

Making inferences is a strategy to help students

understand ideas and meanings that are not
directly stated in the material, but the implied
meanings suggested by stated facts and ideas.
D. Inference in reading
Authors actually rely on us to make inferences so that they
can get their meaning across in a more subtle (and usually
more creative) way.
The author gives us clues about what's happening and we,
the reader, are left to figure it out for ourselves. If it was all
spelt out for us and there was nothing left to infer, there
wouldn't be much room for imagination!

Example:
Feeling excited, he packed his swimming
trunks, sunglasses and sun cream into the
suitcase and was good to go.
E. Making Inferences
Making inferences is the process of figuring out
missing information from information that is
included. Inferences can be made with pictures, with
characters, with plot, with the setting, and even with
vocabulary.

Examples of Inference:
• A character has a diaper in her hand, spit-up on her
shirt, and a bottle warming on the counter. You can
infer that this character is a mother.
• A character has a briefcase, is taking a ride on an
airplane, and is late for a meeting. You can infer that
this character is a businessperson.
F. Drawing Conclusions
Conclusions are the judgments or decisions reached based on
information learned. It requires reasoning or deep thinking
and observation skills. Drawing conclusions is using
information that is implied or inferred to make meaning out of
what is not clearly stated.

Example:
When I left the house this morning, the kitchen
was totally clean and all the dishes were done.
The only person home all day was my
roommate Jeremy. And when I got home, the
kitchen was a mess and there were dirty dishes
everywhere, and I had to do them again just to
make my own dinner! Ugh, it's so unfair.
G.What Is the Difference Between Inference
and Drawing Conclusions?

Inferences and conclusions give you a powerful tool for

understanding people and the decisions they make. An
inference is an assumed fact, based on information you
have at your disposal. A drawn conclusion is an
assumption developed as a next logical step for the given
information.
Inferences also rely on facts in a situation. Instead of
drawing a conclusion, inferences use facts to determine
other facts. You make inferences by examining the facts
of a given situation and determining what those facts
suggest about the situation.
• Draw Conclusions From Inferences
You can use inferences to generate
additional information, upon which you can
draw a conclusion.

• Make inferences from conclusion

You can also use conclusions to
generate additional information about
the situation, gathering more
inferences.