1. What Is Inference ?

It is a logical guess based on details and clues in the text. it is like a hypotesis
in a science project. in order to make good inferences, we need to pay attention to the
details the writer gives us about what they know, and then connect those details to the
plot.
It is often necesarry to read between the lines because writer cannot include all
the possible information about a topic or situation. writers leave out information that
they think readers will know already or will be able to guess
Observe the picture on the right. what is happening? what inference can you
make?
In reading a text you have to be able to distinguish between facts and
inferences. an author usually presents facts about a situation or topic and also makes
onference from the facts
Making an inference involves using what you know to make a guess about
what you don't know or reading between the lines. Readers who make inferences use
the clues in the text along with their own experiences to help them figure out what is
not directly said, making the text personal and memorable. Helping students make
texts memorable will help them gain more personal pleasure from reading, read the
text more critically, and remember and apply what they have read.

2.How to Make an Inference in 5 Easy Steps

Step 1: Identify an Inference Question
First, you'll need to determine whether or not you're actually being asked to make an
inference on a reading test. The most obvious questions will have the words
"suggest," "imply" or "infer" right in the tag like these:
"According to the passage, we can reasonably infer..."
"Based on the passage, it could be suggested that..."
Some questions, however, will not come right out and ask you to infer. You'll have to
actually infer that you need to make an inference about the passage. Here are a few
that require inferencing skills, but don't use those words exactly.
Step 2: Trust the Passage
Now that you're certain you have an inference question on your hands, and you know
exactly what an inference is, you'll need to let go of your prejudices and prior
knowledge and use the passage to prove that the inference you select is the correct
one. different from those in real life. Out in the real world, if you make an educated
guess, your inference could still be incorrect. But on a multiple-choice exam, your
inference will be correct because you'll use the details in the passage to prove it. You
have to trust that the passage offers you the truth in the setting of the test and that one
of the answer choices provided is correct without stepping too far outside the realm of
the passage.
Step 3: Hunt for Clues
Your third step is to start hunting for clues – supporting details, vocabulary,
character's actions, descriptions, dialogue, and more – to prove one of the inferences
listed below the question. Take this question and text.
3.EXAMPLE
1.

Fact : The boy does not like vegetables.

Inference: He has a plate of veggies in front of him and a scowl on his face. The
student might use his/her own feelings about veggies to understand what he might be
thinking.

2.

Fact : The girl wants to buy chips, but her mom is not going to allow it.

Inference : The girl looks like she is hopeful her mom might let her put the chips in
the shopping cart, but the mom is holding up her hand as if to say “no.”

Reading Practice: Inference Question

The body that impacted Earth at the end of the Cretaceous period was a meteorite
with a mass of more than a trillion tons and a diameter of at least 10 kilometers.
Scientists first identified this impact in 1980 from the worldwide layer of sediment
deposited from the dust cloud that enveloped the planet after the impact. This
sediment layer is enriched in the rare metal iridium and other elements that are
relatively abundant in a meteorite but very rare in the crust of Earth. Even diluted by
the terrestrial material excavated from the crater, this component of meteorites is
easily identified. By 1990 geologists had located the impact site itself in the Yucatán
region of Mexico. The crater, now deeply buried in sediment, was originally about
200 kilometers in diameter.

Question: Which of the following can be inferred from the paragraph about the
location of the meteorite impact in Mexico?

A. The location of the impact site in Mexico was kept secret by geologists from 1980
to 1990.
B. It was a well-known fact that the impact had occurred in the Yucatán region.
C. Geologists knew that there had been an impact before they knew where it had
occurred.
D. The Yucatán region was chosen by geologists as the most probable impact site
because of its climate.

The answer is : C

4.Inference vs. Observation

Many people find it hard to tell the difference between “inference” and
“observation.” They are both nouns, but making an inference is a process and
making an observation is not. An observation is something you notice, witness,
or see. An inference is something you conclude by putting together different
pieces of evidence.

Kinds of inferences
1) Inference Direct
Inferences are conclusions drawn from only one premise (a proposition that is used to
draw conclusions). The conclusion should not be drawn more widely than its premise.
Example 1:
Mom, tomorrow's my birthday. I was invited to dinner. But I have no new clothes, no
longer the gift ".
Then the inference of the proverb: that can not go to a birthday theme.
2) Indirect Inference
Inferences are conclusions drawn from two / more premise. The process of reason to
form a new proposition on the basis of the merger proposition-old preposition.
Example:
A: I looked into the room.
B: the ceiling is very high.
As a missing link given inference, for example:
C: The room has a ceiling

Conclusion
So What You Can Infer About Inferences

Everyone makes inferences all the time. You can pull together these
definitions and examples to make a conclusion about what inferences are, or infer
what inferences are. Read a random paragraph from a magazine or book and see what
you can infer about the entire piece using only the information presented in that
paragraph.
 Inference has an understanding of which activities make inferences based on
the expression and the context of its use. There are two kinds of inference, namely;
direct inference and indirect inference.

How to make inference

1) You can take what you know and make a guess!
2) You can draw personal meaning from text (words) or pictures.
3) You can use clues to come to your own conclusion.