Pharmacological Drugs

R E P R DU C T I V E
O
Let's talk about the common drugs for men and women
Let’s start with ES TROGEN

F EM A L E
can replace missed hormones
or decrease the level of
it.
estradiol Estrace
GENERIC BRAND
Responsible for estrogen production.
Affects the release of FSH and LH
For proliferation of endometrial lining
Responsible for menopause
 I ND I C A T ION :

•Postmenopausal urogenital symptoms

•Vulvar and vaginal atrophy
•Palliative treatment of advanced, inoperable breast cancer
•Palliative treatment of advanced, inoperable prostate cancer
•To prevent postmenopausal osteoporosis
 Pharmacodynamics
ACCEPTABLE DOSE Increases synthesis of DNA, RNA, and
protein in responsive tissues; reduces
Postmenopausal urogenital symptoms release of FSH and luteinizing hormone
one ring is inserted into the upper third of vagina. Ring is kept in from the pituitary gland
place for 3 months
Vulvar and vaginal atrophy
0.05 mg 24hrs
Palliative treatment of advanced, inoperable breast cancer
10mg P.O estradiol t.i.d for 3 months Available Forms:
Palliative treatment of advanced, inoperable prostate cancer • Spray, topical solution
1 to 2mg P.O • Tablets (micronized)
To prevent postmenopausal osteoporosis • Transdermal
0.025 mg/24hr • Vaginal cream
• Vaginal ring
 SIDE / ADVERSE
EFFECT
S
GI: nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramp, bloating, colitis,
acute pancreatitis, cholestatic jaundice, hepatic adenoma
GU: breakthrough bleeding, menstrual irregularities,
dysmenorrhea, amenorrhea, changes in libido
Systemic effects: fluid retention, electrolyte disturbances,
headache, dizziness, mental changes, weight changes, edema
C O NT R A I N D I C A T I O N :
•Allergy to estrogens. 
•Idiopathic vaginal bleeding, breast cancer, estrogen-dependent 
cancer. 
•History of thromboembolic disorders, cerebrovascular accident,
heavy smokers
•Hepatic dysfunction
•Pregnancy
•Lactating women
•Metabolic bone disease
•Renal insufficiency
•Hepatic impairment
 NURSING MANAGEMENT
ASSESSMENT: DIAGNOSES:
• Assess for the mentioned cautions and • Acute pain
contraindications
• Sexual Dysfunction
• Perform a thorough physical assessment
• Disturbed body image
• Assist with pelvic and breast examinations
• Monitor laboratory test results

IMPLEMENTATION EVALUATION:
• Assess the cause of dysfunction before • Monitor patient response to
beginning therapy therapy 
• Complete a pelvic examination before each • Monitor for adverse effects
use of the drug
• Monitor patient compliance to
• Check urine estrogen and estradiol levels
drug therapy.
before beginning therapy
 OXYTOCICS

oxytocin Pitocin
GENERIC BRAND

I ND I C A T ION :
• To induce or stimulate labor
• To reduce postpartum bleeding after expulsion of placenta
• Incomplete or inevitable abortion

ACCEPTABLE DOSAGE
To induce or stimulate labor
initially, 10 units in 1,000 mL of D5W
Pharmacodynamics
Causes potent and selective
stimulation of uterine and
mammary gland smooth muscle.

To reduce postpartum bleeding after

expulsion of placenta Available Forms:
10 to 40 units in 1,000 mL of D5W • Injection

Incomplete or inevitable abortion

10 units I.V in 500 mL of NSS
 SIDE / ADVERSE
EFFECT
S
•Excessive effects: uterine hypertonicity and spasm, uterine rupture,
postpartum hemorrhage, decreased fetal heart rate
•Common effects: GI upset, nausea, headache, dizziness
•Ergotism caused by ergonovine and methylergonovine: nausea, blood
pressure changes, weak pulse, dyspnea, chest pain, numbness and coldness
in extremities, confusion, excitement, delirium, convulsions, coma
•Oxytocin has caused severe water intoxication with coma and even
maternal death when used for a prolonged period.
C O NT R A I N D I C A T I O N :

•Allery to oxytocics
•Cephalopelvic disproportion, unfavorable fetal
position, complete uterine atony, early pregnancy
•Coronary disease, hypertension
 NURSING MANAGEMENT
ASSESSMENT: DIAGNOSES:
• Assess for the mentioned cautions and • Acute pain
contraindications • Excess fluid volume
• Perform a thorough physical assessment
• Monitor laboratory test results

IMPLEMENTATION EVALUATION:
• Ensure fetal position (if appropriate) and • Monitor patient response to
cephalopelvic proportions therapy 
• Regulate oxytocin delivery
• Monitor for adverse effects
• Monitor blood pressure and fetal heart rate
• Monitor patient compliance to
• Provide comfort measure
• Educate Client drug therapy.
 Here for the
MA L E ANDROGENS
Testosterone and androgens
are male sex hormones danazol
(produced in the adrenal GENERIC
glands)
danocrine
INDICATIONS: BRAND

used for treatment of endometriosis, fibrocystic breast

disease, and hereditary angioedema.
 ACCEPTAB LE PHARMACODYMNAM
DOSAGE Danazol acts as an anterior pitui
suppressant by inhibiting the
Mild Disease: pituitary output of gonadotropin
-Initial dose: 200 to 400 mg orally per day, given in 2 divided doses possesses some androgenic
-Maintenance dose: Gradual downward titrations should be performed properties.
to maintain amenorrhea.
-Duration of therapy: Up to 9 months

Moderate to Severe Disease or Patients Infertile due to

Endometriosis:
-Initial dose: 800 mg orally per day, given in 2 divided doses
-Maintenance dose: Gradual downward titrations should be performed
to maintain amenorrhea.
-Duration of therapy: Up to 9 months
SIDE / ADVERSE EFFECTS

•Androgenic effects: acne, edema, hirsutism

(increased hair distribution)
•Antiestrogen effects: flushing, sweating,
vaginitis, nervousness, and emotional lability.
•Common effects: dizziness, sleep disorders and 
fatigue, rash, and altered serum electrolytes.
•hepatocellular cancer.
C O CONTRAINDICATIONS
NT R A I N D I C A T I O N :

•Allergy to androgens or other ingredients in the

drug. Prevent hypersensitivity reactions.
•Pregnancy, lactation. Potential adverse effects on the neonate.
It is not clear whether androgens enter breast milk.
•Presence of prostate or breast cancer in men. Aggravated by
the testosterone effects of the drug.
•Liver dysfunction, CV disease. Can be exacerbated by the
effects of the hormones.
 NURSING MANAGEMENT
ASSESSMENT: DIAGNOSES:
• Assess for the mentioned cautions and • Sexual Dysfunction
contraindications
• Disturbed body image
• Perform a thorough physical assessment
• Arrange for radiographs of the long 
bones in children 

IMPLEMENTATION: EVALUATION:
• Monitor responses carefully when • Monitor patient response to
beginning therapy therapy 
• Remove an old dermal system before • Monitor for adverse effects
applying a new system
• Monitor patient compliance to
• Monitor liver function periodically with
drug therapy.
long-term
• Provide safety measures 
T H A NK Y OU!