Dr. Ir.

Dedy Kristanto, MT
Petroleum Engineering Department
UPN “Veteran” Yogyakarta

QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS:
QUICKLOOK METHODS
 Quicklook Method
(Crossplots Density-Resistivity)

To determine water saturation (Sw).

This crossplot will obtaine constan water
resistivity line, where water zone which
located below the oil zone will have Sw =
100%.
Crossplots Procedure
 Plot the value of ρb versus Rt result from clean water
bearing zone.
 From the point of ρma (sandstone = 2,65 gr/cc)
interpolated line through point of salt water, this line is
Sw = 100 % or water line.
 Determine Rw :

2
S w .Rt
Rw 
F
Where
0.62  ma   b
F  2.15 D 
  ma   j
Crossplots Procedure (Cont.)
 Determine the value of Rt for Sw = 90%

F .R w F .Rw
Sw 2
Rt 
Rt 0.92

 From the point of Rt value (ordinate) then make

projection to the left intercepted the ρb through the
line of Sw = 100%.
 Through these intercept point, then make the line
correspond to point of ρma = 2.65 gr/cc, this is the
line for value of Sw = 90%.
 With the same procedure as above then make the
line for others value of Sw.
Crossplots Procedure (Cont.)
Make the tabulation, then plot relation between Sw
versus Rt

Sw (%) Ρb (gr/cc) Rw (ohm-m) Rt (ohm-m)

100%

10%

PLOT
 Contoh Analisa Log
Menggunakan Quicklook Evaluation

Tujuan untuk mencari parameter saturasi air

untuk setiap interval kedalaman lapisan yang
dianalisa didasarkan atas Resistivity-Porosity
Crossplots.

Contoh :
ρb rata-rata = 2.25 gr/cc
ρma (sandstone) = 2.65 gr/cc
ρf (fresh water) = 1.0 gr/cc
Rt rata-rata = 1.785 ohm-m
Sw (water bearing) = 100 %
Prosedur Pengerjaan

1. Dilakukan pengeplotan harga-harga ρb vs Rt dari “water

bearing zone”.
2. Dari titik ρma (2.65 gr/cc sandstone) ditarik garis melalui
titik-titik air asin secara interpolasi, garis ini merupakan
garis Sw = 100% (garis air).
3. Penentuan harga Rw
 ma   b 2.65 - 2.25
D   0.2424
 ma   f 2.65 - 1.0
0.62 0.62
F 2.15
 2.15
 13.048
 (0.2424)
2 F.Rw
Sw  untuk Sw  100%, maka :
Rt
(1) 2 .(1.785)
Rw   0.1368 ohm - m
13.048
4. Penentuan garis Sw = 90%

2 F.Rw
Sw  untuk Sw  90%, maka :
Rt
2 (13,048).(0.1368)
(0.90)   Rt  2.2 ohm - m
Rt
5. Dari harga Rt = 2.2 ohm-m ini (ordinat), diproyeksikan ke
kiri memotong garis tegak lurus dari ρb = 2.25 gr/cc ke
garis Sw = 100%.
6. Melalui titik potong tersebut ditarik garis dari titik ρma =
2.65 gr/cc, ini merupakan garis Sw = 90%.
7. Dengan variabel harga Sw sesuai yang dikehendaki dan
menggunakan prosedur di atas, maka garis-garis Sw yang
lain dapat ditentukan.
Tabulasi Hubungan Antara Sw dan Rt

Sw (%) ρb (gr/cc) Rw (ohm-m) Rt (ohm-m)

100 2.25 0.1368 1.785
90 2.25 0.1368 2.2
80 2.25 0.1368 2.78
70 2.25 0.1368 3.64
60 2.25 0.1368 4.957
50 2.25 0.1368 7.139
40 2.25 0.1368 11.155
30 2.25 0.1368 19.83
20 2.25 0.1368 44.62
10 2.25 0.1368 178.48
Resistivity vs Porosity Crossplot
 Determining Rw

Directly : measured from water sample

Indirectly : from openhole well logs
- SP Logs
- Pickett Plots
- Rwa Methods
Rw From SP Log

The total electrical potential that

influences the SP log can be
represented as follows:

 R 

SSP    61 .13 T  log  mfe 

 R we 

 
Rwe/Rw Relationship
500° F
.001 400° F
300° F
.002
200° F
150° F
.005 100° F
75° F
.01

.02
Rwe
.05

0.1
0.2 500° F
400°
F
300
°F
0.5 200
°F
150
°F
100
°F
1.0

Na
Cl
75°
F

2.0
.005 .01 .02 .05 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.5 1.0 2 3 45
Rw
Rw Using Pickett Plots
1/ n
 a Rw 
S w   m 

  Rt 
logR t    m log   log a R w   n log S w 

For water sands

log R t    m log   log aR w 

y Slope x Intercept
 Example Pickett Plot

200
1

63.245553
20

Apparent Rt
Porosity

6.324555
0.1

2
Rw = 0.073

0.632456
a=1
m=2
n=2 1.00
0.01

0.2
0.01 0.1 1 10 100 500
Well: Bonanza 1
Zone: 10690.000 - 10980.000 ft Deep Induction VCL < .3
Date: 27 Apr 1998 @ 11:31
 Pickett Plot Solution For Sw

200
1

63.245553
20

Apparent Rt
Porosity

6.324555
.1
0.1

.2

2
Rw = 0.073 .4

0.632456
a=1
.6
m=2
.8
n=2 1.00
0.01

0.2
0.01 0.1 1 10 100 500
Well: Bonanza 1
Zone: 10690.000 - 10980.000 ft Deep induction VCL < .3
Date: 27 Apr 1998 @ 11:32
Rwa Method
Estimating Rw: The Rwa Method
 Needs porosity and resistivity logs
 Assumes aRw
- Archie’s (second) law
S wn  m
 Rt
- Sw < 1
n Rw
• Define Rwa = Rt/F Sw   1 or
Rt / F
• Calculate Rwa
Rt
• Take (Rwa)min = Rw  Rw so
F
Rwa  Rw
 Rwa Method - Example
140 t 40
SS @ 156 ft:
- Rild = 0.32 Ω-m
- Dt = 83 s/ft

• Chart f = 23%

• Assume
– a = 0.8
– m=2
• F = 15
• Rwa = Rild/F =
0.32/15 = 0.021 0.2 Rild 20
Rw Using the Rwa Methods
001) BONANZA 1
GRC ILDC RHOC DT
0 150 0.2 200 1.95 2.95 150 us/f 50
SPC SNC CNLLC
-160 MV 40 0.2 200 0.45 -0.15
ACAL MLLCF
6 16 0.2 200
10700

m
R wa   R t RWA

10800

10900
Summary Quicklook Analysis

DK - 20 -
Archie’s Equation

Empirical constant

a Rw
(usually near unity) Resistivity of
formation water,

Sw  n
-m


Water m Cementation

Rt
saturation, exponent
fraction (usually near 2)
Saturation
exponent
(also usually Resistivity of
near 2) Porosity, uninvaded
fraction formation, -m