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    Thermal power plants have four main circuits: coal and ash, air and gas, feedwater and steam flow, and cooling water. Coal is fed to the boiler to generate steam which powers turbines to generate electricity. Steam is then condensed in a condenser using cooling water. India generates over 64% of its power from thermal sources like coal, with coal alone accounting for over 53% of total installed capacity. When selecting a site for a thermal power plant, factors like coal requirements, ash disposal needs, land area requirements, available water sources, transportation access, labor availability, and public impact must all be considered.

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    Thermal power plants have four main circuits: coal and ash, air and gas, feedwater and steam flow, and cooling water. Coal is fed to the boiler to generate steam which powers turbines to generate electricity. Steam is then condensed in a condenser using cooling water. India generates over 64% of its power from thermal sources like coal, with coal alone accounting for over 53% of total installed capacity. When selecting a site for a thermal power plant, factors like coal requirements, ash disposal needs, land area requirements, available water sources, transportation access, labor availability, and public impact must all be considered.

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    17 views13 pages

    Ch-1 Introduction-GECM

    Uploaded by

    movies com
    Thermal power plants have four main circuits: coal and ash, air and gas, feedwater and steam flow, and cooling water. Coal is fed to the boiler to generate steam which powers turbines to generate electricity. Steam is then condensed in a condenser using cooling water. India generates over 64% of its power from thermal sources like coal, with coal alone accounting for over 53% of total installed capacity. When selecting a site for a thermal power plant, factors like coal requirements, ash disposal needs, land area requirements, available water sources, transportation access, labor availability, and public impact must all be considered.

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    of 13

    Power Plant Engineering

    Prepared By: Rahul Shah


    Assist. Prof. In Mech. Engineering
    GEC, Modasa
    rbshah@gecmodasa.org
    Contents
    Introduction

    • General layout of modern thermal power plant

    • Site selection

    • Presents status of power generation in India


    Thermal Power Plant Layout
    Thermal Power Plant Circuits

    Coal and Ash Circuit: In this circuit, coal from the storage is fed to the
    boiler through coal handling equipment for the generation of the steam.

    Air and Gas Circuit: Air is supplied to the combustion chamber of the
    boiler through F.D. or I.D. fan or by using both.

    Feed water and steam flow Circuit: The steam generated in the boiler
    is fed to the steam prime mover to develop a power.

    Cooling water circuit: The quantity of cooling water required to condense


    the steam is considerably large and it is taken either from lake, river, or sea.
    Schematic Diagram of Power Plant
    TYPICAL DIAGRAM OF A COAL-FIRED THERMAL POWER STATION

    1. Cooling tower 10. Steam Control valve 19. Superheater

    2. Cooling water pump 11. High pressure steam turbine 20. Forced draught
    (draft) fan

    3. Transmission line 12. Deaerator 21. Reheater

    4. Step-up transformer 13. Feedwater heater 22. Combustion air


    Intake

    5. Electrical generator 14. Coal conveyor 23. Economiser

    6. L. P. steam turbine 15. Coal hopper 24. Air preheater

    7. Condensate pump 16. Coal pulverizer 25. Precipitator

    8. Surface condenser 17. Boiler steam drum 26. Induced draught


    (draft) fan

    9. I. P. steam turbine 18. Bottom ash hopper 27. Flue gas stack
    Power Production capacity in India
    Fuel MW %age

    Total Thermal 103448.98 64.6

    Coal 85,193.38 53.3

    Gas 17,055.85 10.5

    Oil 1,199.75 0.9

    Hydro (Renewable) 36,913.40 24.7

    Nuclear 4,560.00 2.9

    RES** (MNRE) 16,429.42 7.7

    Total 1,61,351.80
    Power Production capacity in India

    Energy Distribution in Terms of Installed Capacity [NPCIL]


    Site selection
     Coal- 400 MW - 5000 to 6000 ton/day

     Ash disposal –400 MW –10 hectars/yr-6.5 m

     Space req – 3-5 acre/MW

     Nature of land
    Site selection
     Availability of water

     Transportation facilities

     Availability of labour

     Public problems

     Size of the plant

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