Course: ENGR6005 Mechanics of Materials

Effective Period: September 2018

Introduction,
Statics Review, Internal Reactions
Session 1
 Reference

Statics and Mechanics of Materials

Russell C. Hibbeler 
Pearson Prentice Hall 
2013
 Course Objective

After finishing this course student expected to be able to

identify, analyze, and solve technical problems in the areas of
mechanics of materials by applying mathematics related to the
differential equation and some principles of science and
engineering.
This courses covers Axial stress and strain; axial deformation,
shear; torsion; columns, beam stresses and deflections;
fasteners, pressure vessels, combined loading, and Mohr’s
circle.

Bina Nusantara University 3

 Learning Outcomes

On successful completion of this Course, students will be able to:

• LO 1: Describe mechanics of some basic structures 

• LO 2: Describe Mechanics Materials Concept, including shear stress
and strain, material treatment, and transformation stress
• LO 3: Demonstrate Ability to define problems in the areas of
materials, manufacturing processes, mechanics and strength of
materials
• LO4 : Select Appropriate methods to solve engineering problem
related to Statics and Mechanics Material

Bina Nusantara University 4

 What we learn from ENGR6005
Mechanic of Materials

• Learn the Vocabulary

• Improve Your Skill at Drawing Free Body Diagrams
• Learn About Material Behavior
• Learn How To Solve Mechanic Problem. This is the largest part of the
class. The solution procedure for most mechanics problems involves
one or more of the following tasks:
• – A statics analysis of a component to find the internal reactions (forces &
moments)
• – Determine stresses and strains in a component based on internal reactions
• – Find the deformation of the component
• – Compare calculated values of stress & deformation with known acceptable
values
• Improve Your Engineering Design Skills
Bina Nusantara University 5
 Vocabulary

• This is a sampling of terms that are defined in the text. We will discuss
them throughout the semester. You are expected to understand the
meaning of these terms. You are also expected to know the correct
units for material properties and other variables.

6
 Vocabulary
- Rigid Body - Deformable Body - Link - Truss - Normal Stress
- Shear Stress - Bearing Stress -Ultimate Stress -Yield Stress
- Failure Stress -Principal Stresses - Normal Strain - Shear Strain
- Failure Strain -Yield Strain - Shear Modulus -Poisson’s Ratio
- True Stress - Engineering Stress - True Strain - Elastic Behavior
- Plastic Behavior - Thermal Expansion -Torsion - Torque - Angle of
Twist
- Static Indeterminacy - Power - Pure Bending - Moment of Inertia
- Modulus of Rigidity - Shear Force Diagram - Bending Moment Diagram
- Transverse Shear - Cantilever Beam - Simply Supported Beam
- Clamped Beam - Isotropic - Anisotropic - Pressure Vessel
- Combined Loading - Stress Transformation - Plane Stress - Elastic
Curve
- Plane Strain - Ductile Behavior - Modulus of Elasticity - Young’s
Modulus
- Principal Strains -Flexural Stiffness
7
 Outline

• Introduction
• Static Review
• Internal Reaction
Introduction
 Introduction
• Mechanics of Materials
– External Loads produce Internal Loads
– Internal Loads cause a body to deform
– Internal Loads cause stress
– How much does body deform?
– How much stress?
– Is it Safe at this stress?
– How big should it be so stress is low enough?
 Introduction
• Mechanics concerned with the state of rest
or motion of bodies that are subjected to
the action of forces

Engineering Mechanics

Rigid Body Deformable Body Fluid

Mechanics Mechanics Mechanics
 Introduction
Rigid Body
Mechanics

Statics Dynamics

Accelerated
Equilibirium of
motion of
bodies
bodies
 Fundamental Concepts
F F

Length
F
equilibirium
Force Newton’s
Basic three law F a
Quantities of Motion
Time
Accelerated motion

Mass
Force of A on B Force of B on A
F F
A B

Action-reaction
 Fundamental Concepts
• Equation Newton’s second Law
F = m.a
• Equation Newton’s Law of Gravitation
Attaction

• F = Force of gravitation
• G= universal constant of graviation (66,73 (10-
12
)m3/kg.s2)
• m1, m2 = mass of each the two particles
• r = distance between the two particles
 Fundamental Concepts
• Weight equation
Units of Measurement

For example, the constant k of a

spring which stretches 20 mm
under a load of 100 N will be
expressed as
 Principal SI Units Used
in Mechanics

• Bee, F, Johnston E. R, DeWolf, J.T, Mazurek D.F, ‘Static and Mechanic of

materials, McGraw Hills, 2011
 Example
• Evaluate ecah the following and express with SI
units having an appropriate prefix
(a) (50mN)(6 GN)
(b) (40mm)(0,6MN)2
(c) 45MN3/900Gg
 Solution
(a) (50mN) (6GN) = [50(10-3) N][6(109)N]
= 300 (106)N2
= 300 kN2
Note kN2 = (kN)2 = 106N2

(b) (400mm)(0,6MN)2= [400(10-3)m][0,6(106)N]2

= [400(10-3)m][0,36(1012)N2]
= 144(109)m. N2
= 144 Gm. N2
STATICS REVIEW
 External Loads

• External loads can be Reaction Loads or Applied

Loads!
• Must solve for all unknown external loads (reaction
loads) so that internal loads can be solved for!
• Internal loads produce stress, strain, deformation –
SofM concepts!
Support Types and
Reactions
Support Types and
Reactions
 Force Vectors
• A vectors is represented graphically by an arrow, which is used to define
its magnitude, direction, and sense.
• The magnitue = length of the arrow
• Direction = angle between a refence axis and the arrow’s line of action
• Sense = arrowhead
Vectors operation
Vectors operation
 Static Equilibrium
• Vectors: SF = 0 SM = 0

• Coplanar (2D) force systems:

SFx = 0
SFy = 0
SMo = 0 Perpendicular
to the plane
Draw a FBD to account containing the
forces
for ALL loads acting on the body
 Procedure of Analysis
• Problems that involved the addition of two
forces can be solved as follows :
– Parallelogram law
– Trigonometry low
 Procedure of Analysis
• Parallelogram law:
• Make a sketch showing the vector adition using Parallelogram law
• Two component force add according to the Parallelogram law,
yielding a resultant force that forms the diagonal of the
Parallelogram
• If it force to be resolved into component along two axes directed
from the tail of force, then stard at the head of the force and
construct lines parales to the axes, thereby forming the
Parallelogram. The sides of the Parallelogram represent the
components
• Label all the known and unknown force magnitudes and the angles
on the sketch and identify the two unknowns
 EXAMPLE

Draw a FBD of member ABC, which is supported

by a smooth collar at A, roller at B, and link CD.
 Examples

• Determine the magnitude and directon of the resultant foce

 Solution (b)
• The parallelogram law of addition, the two unkowns are the
magnitude of FR and the angle  (theta)
• FR is determined by using the law of cosines :
 Solution (c)
• The  is determined by applying the law of sines using the
computed value of FR
Example 2.1

Bee, F,
Johnston E. R,
DeWolf, J.T,
Mazurek D.F,
‘Static and
Mechanic of
materials,
McGraw Hills,
Solution
Example 2.2
Solution
Solution
Internal Reaction
 Internal Reaction
• Internal reactions are necessary to hold body
together under loading.
• Method of sections - make a cut through body to
find internal reactions at the point of the cut.
F2

F1

Section

F3 F4
 FBD After Cut
• Separate the two parts and draw a FBD of
either side
• Use equations of equilibrium to relate the
external loading to the internal reactions.

F1
F2
 Resultant Force and
Moment
MR0 FR • Point O is taken at the
centroid of the section.
• If the member (body) is long
and slender, like a rod or
O
beam, the section is generally
taken perpendicular to the
longitudinal axis.
F1 • Section is called the cross
F2 section.
Internal Reaction
Solution
Example
Solution