AYESHA AZHAR

Wastewater treatment
Criteria in pharmaceutical
industry

AYESHA AZHAR
 Presented BY:

AYESHA AZHAR

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OUTLINES
• Introduction
• Source of pharmaceutical waste
• Types of pharmaceuticals waste
• Problems involved in Pharmaceutical
waste water Treatment
• Treatment methods

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 Pharmaceutical Industry:

• Introduction:
• The pharmaceutical industry discovers,
develops, produces, and markets drugs
or pharmaceutical drugs for use as
medications to be administered to
patients (or self-administered), with the
aim to cure them, vaccinate them, or
alleviate symptoms.

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 Pharmaceutical Waste:

• Pharmaceutical waste is any kind of

unused, expired, or leftover medications,
some over-the-counter products, and the
items used in medication treatment
and/or delivery. Pharmaceutical waste is
generated by any type of healthcare
facility or environment that is involved in
patient treatment that makes use of
pharmaceutical materials.

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AYESHA AZHAR
 Sources of pharmaceutical waste

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 Typof Pharmaceutical Wastees
Over-the-counter Drug Waste.
• Non-hazardous Drug Waste.
• Hazardous Drug Waste.
• Controlled Drug Waste.
• Veterinary Use Pharmaceuticals.
• Agricultural Use Pharmaceuticals.
• Wastewater Treatment Plants (WWTPs)

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Problems Involved In pharmaceutical Waste water
Treatment:

• Diverse Characteristics Of PWW.

Different Medicine produce different
types of Waste
• Variable Amount of products
• Mixing of pharmaceutical waste with
other Types of waste
• Also ,it may contain high BOD And Highly
variable pH

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• Treatment Methods:
• Physical treatment
• Chemical Treatment
• Thermal Treatment
• Biological treatment
 
• 1.Physical Treatment :

• Reverse Osmosis:
• Based On pressure Application
• Removal of dissolved solids
• Depends on Concentration and pH
• Dialysis :
• Based on chemical activity of the solute’s
• Recovery of specific material’s form aqueous solution
• Depend on molecular weight and dialysis coefficient

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•Electrodialysis:
•
application of electric field
•Use to separate ionized specie’s
•Operates over wide range of pH
•
Evaporation :
•Based on heat energy
•Recovery of Solvents
•Produce High quality Effluent
•Filtration:
•Used to remove particular contaminants
•to remove particular contaminants
•Sedimentation:
•Suspended particles are allowed to settled down and Then removed
•
Granular Activated carbon adsorption:
• 

•Used for removal of Organic contaminants

• Based on

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 2-CHEMICAL TREATMENTS

• Ion Exchange:
• Reversible interchange of ions between solid and liquid phase
• Used for Removal of trace metals ,fluoride’s, Nitrate’s, and
manganese
• Neutralization:
• A process utilised to prevent excessively Acidic and alkaline water
discharge.
• 1 out of 2 pharmaceutical plant Use neutralization to treat their waste
water
• Reduction:
• Treatment with Sulphur dioxide to reduce the oxidants to less noxious
water
• Calcination:
• Heating of waste to a high temperature to oxidize organic matter

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 3-THERMAL TREATMENT

• Incineration:
• Controlled heating process to convert a waste to less bulky , less toxic and
less noxious
• Pyrolysis:
• Thermal decomposition of waste at high temperature in the absence of
oxygen.

•4.Biological Treatment:
• Used to remove biodegradable organic matter
• Microorganisms converts organics into:
• CO2 and H2O (aerobic)
• 
• CO2 ,CH4 and H2O ( Anaerobic)
• 1 out of 3 Pharmaceutical plants uses Biological processes
• 

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 Advantages of Biological Treatment
for Pharmaceutical waste water:

• Good Treatment Efficiency

• Addition of extra chemical’s not
required
• Less Sludge Production
• Relatively Much More Economical

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AYESHA AZHAR
AYESHA AZHAR