Conditional statements

Sequential execution requires the statements to be executed

by the computer one after the other, in order they are written.
Now, we will see how the order of execution of the
statements can be changed.
This will be done with the help of conditional statements.
This requires us to first, define a condition.
If the condition is satisfied, a set of statements will be
executed.
If not, it ignores that particular set of instruction.

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 Conditional statements

Second, we define statements or a set of statements that

will follow up.
These are also called selection statements.

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 Conditional statements
Relational Expressions
It is written to find a relation between two expressions
and it will return only one value. True or false.
Consists of variables, constants or arithmetic operators.
These are combined by a "relational operator"
For example, 10>6
Itis a relation between two constants
Since 10 is greater than 6, this expression returns a true
value. Means that the statement is true.
">" is a relational operator here.

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 Conditional statements
Relational operators
As explained, the operators used to show relation between two
expressions is a relational operator.
“>" greater than, if the first value is greater than the second one.
 e1>e2
True or false
">=" Greater than or equal to
 e1>=e2
True or false
“<" less than, similar to greater than
“<=" less than or equal to, which is similar to ">="

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 Conditional statements
Relational operators

“==‟ is equal to
 e1==e2
True or false
“ !=‟ is not equal to
 e1!=e2
True or false

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 Conditional statements
Relational operators
Example, if x=10, y=20, z=5 what will be the result of
following expressions
Relational Output
Expression

x>y
y>z
y != x
x ==z
x <= y
z >= y
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 Conditional statements
Relational operators

Example, if x=10, y=20, z=5 what will be the result of

following expressions
Relational Output
Expression
x>y False
y>z True
y != x True
x ==z False
x <= y True
z >= y False

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 Conditional statements
The "if" statement:
Exampl
e x=10 and y=4
 Let
 if(x>y)
x+y;
x*y;
 The above
statement will
see if x is
greater, as in
this case it is,
the result will
be something
like:
 x+y=14 8
 Conditional statements
The "if" statement:
Used to execute (or ignore) a set of statements
After the "if‟ condition is tested
Syntax
 if
(condition)
statement-
1;
statement-2;
if(10>6); Here
the condition is
‟10>6‟
If 10 is indeed greater than 6, then the statements under
the if condition are followed. 9
 Conditional statements
The "if" statement:
If there is a set of instructions, the statements are
enclosed within “{ }“.
The Syntax then would be
if (condition)
{
statement-1
statement-
2
statement-3
statement-
m
}
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0
 Conditional statements
The "if" statement:
All the statements within "{ }‟ are called "compound
statements“.
If the condition given in "if statement‟ is true, the
compound statements in the brackets are executed.
If in the case the condition is false, the statements
within
the brackets are ignored and statement-n is
executed.
Noteworthy to remember that statement-n will be
executed in both the cases.
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Conditional statements

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 Conditional statements
Example 2-01
{
int
a,b;
a=100;
b=50;
if(a>b
)
cout << "Islamabad!" <<
endl; cout<<"ok"<<endl;
return 0;
} 1
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 Conditional statements
Example 2-01 (cout)

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 Conditional statements
Example 2-02
{
int n;
cout<<“enter the value of n”<<endl;
cin>>n;
if(n>10)
{
cout<<"Islamabad"<<endl;
cout<<"ok"<<endl;
}
cout << "Hello world!" << endl;
return 0;
} 1
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 Conditional statements
Example 2-02 (cout)

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 Conditional statements
Example 2-02 (cout)

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 Conditional statements
Example 2-03
{
int n;
cout<<"Enter a Number?
"; cin>>n;
if(n%3==0)
{
cout<<"the number is
divisible by 3"<<endl;
}
cout << "Hello world!" <<
endl; return 0;
} 1
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 Conditional statements
Example 2-03 (cout)

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 Conditional statements
Example 2-03 (cout)

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