DESIGN FOR SPECIAL NEEDS

Dnyaneshwari pardeshi
M.DES
Topic : AUTISM
CONTEXT

• Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a developmental disability caused by differences in the
brain. Some people with ASD have a known difference, such as a genetic condition. Other
causes are not yet known. Scientists believe there are multiple causes of ASD that act together
to change the most common ways people develop.
Age: 8- 10 yrs.
CONTEXT DISABILITY – an autistic child who has autism since birth.
Category- Boy (causal wear)
AIM-To design casual wear for the autistic child considering functional and symbolic clothing's
desires of clothing.
 SIGNS OF AUTISTIC PERSON

Autism in young children

• Signs of autism in young children include:
• not responding to their name
• avoiding eye contact
• not smiling when you smile at them
• getting very upset if they do not like a certain taste, smell or sound
• repetitive movements, such as flapping their hands, flicking their fingers or rocking their body
• not talking as much as other children
• repeating the same phrases

Autism in older children

• Signs of autism in older children include:
• not seeming to understand what others are thinking or feeling
• finding it hard to say how they feel
• liking a strict daily routine and getting very upset if it changes
• having a very keen interest in certain subjects or activities
• getting very upset if you ask them to do something
• finding it hard to make friends or preferring to be on their own
• taking things very literally
Conceptual framework

Disturbed social communication and Short attention span

interaction
Intellectual disability

L
A

Co
R
Easy Frustration, Attachment To

IO

g
Language impairments

ni
object

AV
Aggression

tiv
H

e
BE
Lack of interest in other people Autism Lack of awareness of danger
spectrum
Difficulties in routine changes disorder Sensory hypersensitivity

Unusual gestures CAL

DI
Body language ,facial expression ME
ex : hand flapping ,no eye contact
Sleep disturbance stress Anxiety
Repetitive behaviours

Urination issues Disturbed appetite Gastrointestinal

dysfunctions

Impaired immune function motor impairments

Holding scissors ,doing
activities ,writing
 R E S EA R C H PA P ER R EV I EW - 1
EF FEC TS O F S EN SO RY G A R M E N TS O N S LEE P O F C H I L D R E N WI T H
A U T I SM S PEC TR U M D I S O R D ER

• The purpose of this study is

to assess the effectiveness of
the use of the sensory
garments for improving sleep
The research is to in children with autism Research
measure the sleeping spectrum disorder. suggests that
patterns of the children
with ASD who wore sensory based interventions children’s
sensory garments. The target problem behavior . By sleep
Introduction helping the person modulate
researcher need to find
sensory processing needs difficulties
out whether there is
difficulty in the sleeping through environmental lead to higher
patterns or changes in modifications. maternal
Regarding the evidence of
behavior
effectiveness of sensory based
depression.
interventions such as weighted
vest, massage & therapy balls
is mixed.
 Children with ASD are also more likely to
experience sensory modulation disorders
compared to typically developing children, with
up to 95% of children with ASD exhibiting
sensory processing dysfunction
single-subject design research looks at outcomes
before & after the interventions while allowing
focus on one individual’s outcomes related to
Specific diagnosis.
Researchers collected nightly Garmin of sleep to
data to be graphed & analyzed for consistency
of response rate of behavior change.
 Methods
Using a single –subject (ABAB)
reversal design .reversal designs are
particularly useful for the
evaluation of medication effects
because they provide additional
information about the effectiveness
of treatment .
• The researcher evaluated the effectiveness of a sensory garment on sleep
duration , sleep latency &parental stress related to a child's sleep
• They used compression garment , which provide equal distribution of
pressure and help regulate the sensory system , are an emerging, wearable
product that provides deep pressure input .
• However, evidence to support these products is limited; thus, more research
is needed to determine their effectiveness.
• The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a compression t-
shirt on the sleep of children with ASD. Secondarily, they investigated if
changes in children’s sleep impacted parent stress.
 Summary

Four children aged 4–10 participated.

They measured sleep duration and
sleep, latency using the Garmin
watches and parent-report sleep logs ,
parent stress using the Parenting
Stress Index Short Form, and sleep
behaviors using the Children’s Sleep
Habits

Data showed variable effects on

sleep duration and latency across
children. with the hyposensitive Future research is recommended to Therapists are encouraged to evaluate
sensory patterns experienced the further investigate the effectiveness children’s development and sensory
greatest sleep improvements. All of sensory garments on sleep for preferences prior to recommending
parents experienced stress from children with ASD. sensory garments for sleep.
daily life , and some reported
increased stress due to study
participation.
• Specific strengths within this
study include maintaining
children’s daily routines and
schedules and observing sleep in Single subject research designs allow for
the child’s natural context. The flexibility and manipulation of interventions
single-subject design allowed for specific to each participant while still
individualized data collection and maintaining consistent procedures.
analysis.
 TAKEAWAY AND OBSERVATION

participants, suggesting therapists should

compression garments to children to improve sleep. Parent stress increased in three of the four
child’s and family’s individualized needs, age, and sensory processing patterns when suggesting
This study adds to this variable research. Therapists should utilize discretion and consider the
Current literature on the effectiveness of deep pressure techniques and garments for sleep varies.

• use caution when recommending a sensory garment .

• consider contextual and family factors when implementing a sensory-based sleep
intervention. Additionally, it is important to note that compression garments are not
intended to be used as independent interventions and might be best combined with
behavioral Education strategies to improve sleep hygiene .
• Therapists should also consider how a child’s sleeping habits and patterns may influence
parental stress, or alternately how parent stress may influence child sleep, when working
with children and families. Finally, because reliance on routines is a hallmark of ASD
• therapists should use caution when recommending any changes to the bedtime routine
without a full evaluation of the child’s developmental history and sensory processing
patterns.
 Conclusion
This single-subject study contributes
to the body of evidence regarding
compression garment use for
children with ASD.
Compression garments are
an emerging wearable
product to support sleep;
however, current evidence
to support deep pressure
compression garments is
limited.
This study found varied and
inconsistent effects of compression
garments on sleep duration, sleep
latency, and parental stress.
Additional studies are needed to
determine if sensory garments are an
effective sleep aid and explore child
characteristics related to best
response
 KEY REFERENCES

1 ] M. J. Maenner, K. A. Shaw, J. Baio et al., “Prevalence of autism spectrum disorder among children aged 8 years — autism and developmental disabilities
monitoring network, 11 sites, United States, 2016,” Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. Surveillance Summaries, vol. 69, no. 4, pp. 1–12, 2020.

[2] Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, American Psychiatric Association, 5th edition, 2013.

[3] M. R. Mohammadi, N. Ahmadi, A. Khaleghi et al., “Prevalence of autism and its comorbidities and the relationship with maternal psychopathology: a national
population-based study,” Archives of Iranian Medicine, vol. 22, no. 10, pp. 546–553, 2019.

[4] K. Supekar, T. Iyer, and V. Menon, “The influence of sex and age on prevalence rates of comorbid conditions in autism,” Autism Research, vol. 10, no. 5, pp.
778–789, 2017.

[5] S. Reynolds, S. J. Lane, and L. Thacker, “Sensory processing, physiological stress, and sleep behaviors in children with and without autism spectrum disorders,”
OTJR: Occupation, Participation and Health, vol. 32, no. 1, pp. 246–257, 2012.

[6] A. Ben-Sasson, L. Hen, R. Fluss, S. A. Cermak, B. Engel-Yeger, and G. Eynat, “Ameta-analysis of sensorymodulation symptoms in individuals with
autismspectrum disorders,” Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, vol. 39, no. 1, pp. 1–11, 2009.

[7] S. Tomcheck and W. Dunn, “Sensory processing in children

S. Tomcheck and W. Dunn, “Sensory processing in children with and without autism: a comparative study using the short sensory profile,” American Journal of
Occupational Therapy, vol. 61, no. 2, pp. 190–200, 2007.
 R E S E A R C H PA P E R 2
I N V E S T I G AT I O N O F T H E R A P Y C L O T H I N G P R O D U C T F O R C H I L D R E N W I T H A S D

They investigated
Introduction about weighted
vest

This study aims to The weighted vest is a

investigate Current therapy therapy clothing item
with ASD, clothing the for
children. and raise an
and it can provide the
insight of the needs of child with sensory
clothing design that might input that believed to
alleviate sensory issues. alleviate sensory
The sensory issues may difficulties , however
include: oversensitivity to researcher found that
loud noises & touching. many issues with clothing
product itself.
 METHODOLOGY.

Total 23 types of therapy clothing products (e.g. a weighted vest, tops, and pants) were found by
looking at existing companies through search engines. For the analysis process, they used
descriptive statistics and a database that links the idea of design elements to the characteristics
of ASD.

The following factors were analyzed: size, fit, fabrics, tactile, and color.

A search was carried out using Google scholar , psychifoeric and cinahl,using the search term
weighted vest and weighted Vests.

Overall the studies investigated the behavior of 20 student with autism to check whether the
weighted Vests help them stimulating the sensory movements .
Summary

weighted vest can not

be recommended as
clinical application .

So, the researcher

can consider to
make the product It is cleared that consistent
with light weight positive effects of the
ingredients. wearing of weighted Vests
have not been
demonstrated.

The effect of prolonged wearing of a

weighted Vests needs to be considered.
It is recommended that children carry But the number of
no more than 10-15%of their body studies reported
weight in bag pack. positive findings .
Conclusion
Children with Autism Spectrum
Disorders display a variety of
symptoms although most
demonstrate sensory processing
deficits.
• However, current therapy
clothing products are not
designed for a variation of
symptoms and there is
insufficient evidence to
support the use of therapy
clothing.
• Further studies should be done
for developing prototype
sensory clothing that can help
increase attentiveness and
reduce sensory issues for most
types of ASD.
Future research
using a larger I think if the
sample size would researcher would
increase prefer the other age
The limitation of
generalizability and group then it would
this study is the
increase in age be beneficial and
Small sample
group range would we will get to know
size .
increase if the designs are
generalizability of restricted to the
findings of other limited ages .
age group.
 KEY REFERENCES

1.Stephenson, J., & Carter, M. (2008). The use of weighted vests with children with autism spectrum disorders and

other disabilities. Springer Science Business Media, Retrieved from http://www.auburn.edu/~lal0011/autism/stephenson.pdf

2. Tseng, M., Fu, C., Cermak, S. A., Lu, L., & Shieh, J. (2011). Emotional and behavioral problems in preschool

children with autism: relationship with sensory processing dysfunction. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 5, 1441-1450.

3. Paron-Wildes, A. J. (2005). Sensory stimulation and autistic children. Implications, 6(4). Retrieved from
http://www.informedesign.org/_news/apr_v06r-pr.pdf
4. VandenBerg, N. (2001). The use of a weighted vest to increase on task behavior in children with attention

difficulties, The American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 55(6). 621-628.

 RESEARCH PAPER REVIEW 3
THERAPEUTIC CLOTHING FOR CHILDREN WITH ASD IN DAILY LIFE

Introduction

Special education and treatment methods in the early ages are the keys to relieving Autism
Spectrum Disorder (ASD) symptoms. These smart clothing items ‘Tellme’ are designed to treat
ASD symptoms in boys by encouraging them to speak out and express themselves while playing
with and enjoying the clothing.

Therapeutic functions, including different types of sensors (a flexible film-like pressure sensor, a
light sensor, and a motion sensor) and actuators (LEDs, a DC motor, and a vibration motor), are
incorporated to the clothing.

By playing with the interactive robot characters on the clothing, such as speaking into the
microphone or activating the sensors and other actuators, a child wearing the garment can
naturally learn and practice how to express his feelings, emotions, and opinions.
 Electronic parts were
added, which will
encourage The children
to speak and express
their feelings, emotions
Methodology and opinions.

They designed
therapeutic garment
for boys aged 2-5 who
show significant
autistic behavior.
 Different types sensors (flexible
film-like touch/pressure sensor,
light sensor, and motion sensor);
actuators (LEDs, DC motor,
vibration motor); and a 3V coin cell
and 9V battery were added.
A microphone and a speaker were
added to encourage the child to
speak out while playing with the
top. When talking on the
microphone, which is placed on the
right wrist, the speaker on the low
chest side makes the sounds louder.
All of the electronic parts are
miniature-sized for clothing
applications.
When the child touches the pressure
sensor, the DC motor and vibration
motor will activate to express his
feelings and emotions. If the child
touches the light sensor on the top
or the pressure sensor on the cap,
LEDs will light up.
 By playing with the This clothing is expected
Sensor and actuator was
sense-interactive clothing, to provide fun
incorporated into the
the child will be able to experiences and improve
characters to symbolize
learn and express his the child’s confidence in
special abilities on the
feelings, emotions, and expressing themselves, as
top.
opinions. well as help
 SUMMARY

Researcher created
clothing items
called ‘Tell me’ it is The sensory
To encourage and
basically a sensory garment design It will be also easy
help the child to
garment were Electronic parts will help doctors to for designers to
speak &convey the
especially were added to treat them well understand what
feelings, researcher
developed for improve sensory and for parent it they actually like
designed clothing
children with movement . will relive there to wear and want
items which is
under responsive stress to some to wear .
sensory
sensory processing extent
problems .
 Researchers designed
therapeutic clothes to
help child to speak
Conclusion and express the
feelings either it is
positive or negative
feeling or emotions .

I think researcher
should consider the
other factors like
There is a need that
color changing
researcher need to
garment and they
work upon the
should consider other
designing part
age groups and check
whether they are also
comfortable .
 KEY REFERENCES

[1] Why Are Autism Spectrum Disorders Increasing? http://www.cdc.gov/features/autismprevalence

[2] Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD): Data & Statistics. http://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/autism/data.html

[3] Eaves, L.C., and Ho H.H. The very early identification of autism: outcome to age 4 1/2-5. Journal of Autism Development Disorders 34, 4
(2004), 367-78.
[4] Goldstein, S., and Naglieri, J. Autism spectrum rating scales (2-5 years) parent rating. Multi-Health Systems INC, 2010.

[5] Autism Spectrum Disorders. http://www.helpguide.org/mental/autism_spectrum.htm.

[6] Symptoms: What are the symptoms of Autism? http://www.autismspeaks.org/whatautism/symptoms.

[7] Tustin, F. Autistic States in Children. Routledege, 2013.

[8] Chawarska, K., Klin, A., & Volkmar, F. Autism Spectrum Disorders in Infants and Toddlers: Diagnosis, Assessment, and Treatment. Guilford
Press, 2010.
[9] Autism Speaks. http://www.autismspeaks.org/family-services.
 RESEARCH PAPER 4
FACTORS AFFECTING CLOTHING DESIGN FOR AUTISM CHILDREN.

• This research is to investigate about the factors affecting clothing

design for autism children.
• Clothing pays an important role in everyone’s life including
children with autism.
• This case study examined children's fashion brand that focuses on
autistic children’s apparel in Jakarta named kiddie pal . The aim of
creating this brand was to design adaptive clothing that is able to
help autistic children have an easier time to get dressed .
Introduction • Kiddie pal creates fashion collections that are suitable for children
with autism so that they can dress easily and independently .
• There is a need to design clothing specifically created based on
requirements .the designs consideration have to include the motoric
limitation ,psychological aspects & social need.
• Kiddie pal brand concept created and it focuses on a clothing
collection for autism children .
 The research methodology
utilized a qualitative method
through in-depth interviews and
observations using a sample
collection for autistic children
from Kiddie Pal and gathered
inputs from experts.

In the research the Data was also collected through

observations at the YPAC (Yayasan
data was collected Penderita Anak Cacat–Disabled
from qualitative Children’s Foundation) in Jakarta
Methods
research done to see the behavior of the majority
of autistic children and observe how
through in depth they use clothes and the activities
interviews. they perform.

Clothes specially designed for

children with autism should offer
the easiest way to wear, feel
comfortable, be safe, and feel self-
reliant.
 Meanwhile, apparel with texture
materials such as jeans and
collared shirts are less favorable.
Zippers, buttons, and labels are
not necessary and annoyed all of
them. So far, the parents bought
their kids clothing brands . Cotton fabric were tested by
kiddie pal clothing brand .
Kiddie pal does not utilize the
zippers ,tags and trimming that
could challenge autistic
Based on the observation, mostly
children .
autistic children like to wear
Kiddie pal created front and
shorts and short-sleeved shirts.
backwards tops and bottoms ,so
that whenever they put up the
clothes on ,they will work , look
great ,fit well, and be
comfortable.

Methods
 Summary

This research
Children with also compared
the Kiddie Pal From the
autism are also interviews, it is
unaware of the collection with
other normal recommended to
The results show One of the most front and back
children’s wear choose simpler
that every child common They have of clothing.
collections and designs with
with autism has problems is they difficulties in They do not care
found that minimalist
different struggle to put opening and for any
autistic decorations, as
characteristics, and on and take off closing buttons, additional
children’s well as a method
each individual is their clothes. zippers, and other details that are
clothing in terms without seams
special. Put-on and They need accessories that unnecessary for
of designs, (seamless) to
take-off clothes someone to help use a rope. them such as
colors, and make movement
require a lot of them in the embroidery,
trends is not easier and avoid
patience. wearing process. patches, beads,
different from itchiness in
and others. stitched clothes.
other normal
children.
 Conclusion

Their special needs for There search survey

This research was clothing designs are critical to reveals that the clothing
about clothing To meet the special requirements of their quality of life and, at the collection concept for
brand . autistic children, different types of same time, to their presence in autistic children has the
clothes might be used, consisting of the community. potential to develop in
fabrics with special characteristics such the market to fulfill
as cotton, cotton with elastic material, their needs.
and waterproof daily wear out fits.
 KEY REFERENCES

• Autism Science Foundation, “What is Autism?,” Autism Science Foundation, 2018. [Online]. Available:
https://autismsciencefoundation.org/what-is-autism/
• B. Miller, “Autism Affects Motor Skills Study Indicates,” The Source, 2012. [Online]. Available:
https://source.wustl.edu/2012/02/autism-affects-motor-skills-studyindicates/.
• The National Autistic Society, “About autism,” The National Autistic Society, 2018. [Online]. Available:
https://www.autism.org.uk/about.aspx
• M. Fattig, “Teaching Organizational Skills - ADHD,” Disabled World, 2017. [Online]. Available:
https://www.disabled-world.com/health/neurology/adhdautism/organization.phpm
• G. Pullin, Design Meets Disability. Cambridge: The MIT Press, 2011. J. A. Ayres, Sensory Integration and the Child.
Los Angeles: Western Psychological Service, 2005
 RESEARCH PAPER 5
COMPRESSION GARMENT

Introduction
They aimed to study the effect of
whole-body compression garments
(CG), CGs included tailor made
pants ,vests ,mittens which covered
whole body of all participants .

The researcher
The compression aimed to
garment in this retrospectively
study were explore whether
CGs can improve
custmized based postural control,
on the needs of gross motor
each patient skills,
Methods

This study was comprised of a

retrospective. Single-site, open label.
Case series.
It is articulated with three mobile units
and its intervention Convers covers the
entire territory of the Ile de France
region.
 Methodology

The researcher had to design a qualitative scale based on the most common symptoms, in order to include patients with proprioceptive
disorders.

This qualitative scale has not been validated. However, a new scale for assessing motor skills and proprioception has recently been developed
and validated .

We hope to use this new tool, in the future, to address this limitation. Postural analyses were not recorded on a force platform [88,89].
Furthermore, standardized motor tests (e.g., MAB-C) were too demanding for the patients enrolled in our study, in terms of participation,
attention, and verbal noncommunication. Elaborating a self-designed motor path was our only option to assess gross motor skills; however,
this approach did not adequately resolve the limitations with compliance and lacked reliability. Finally, the last limitation to mention is the
great variability in the duration for which the CG was worn.

Our recommendation to wear CGs at least 1 h during the day was designed to include a population with a very low level of compliance.
Nevertheless, our minimum threshold was much longer than the duration of most physical therapies, as only one patient wore the CG for less
than 4 h a day (with substantial benefits). The limitation of sample size precluded a sub-group analysis based on the length of time the patient
wore the CG.
 Summary

This research was manly done for the patients.

CGs are therapeutic devices which have shown potential for improving the well-being of patients
with severe autism and proprioceptive disturbances.
Conclusion
CGs appear to be an innovative and interesting adjuvant
treatment for both behavioral and motor
impairments after multidimensional and integrative proper care
in individuals with severe ASD.
These promising results require confirmation by further
evidence-based research, which should consider not only sensory-
motor skills but also the core symptoms of autism.
 KEY REFERENCE

1. Guinchat, V.; Cravero, C.; Diaz, L.; Perisse, D.; Xavier, J.; Amiet, C.; Gourfinkel-An, I.; Bodeau, N.;Wachtel, L.;Cohen,
D.; et al. Acute behavioral crises in psychiatric inpatients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD): Recognition of concomitant
medical or Non-ASD psychiatric conditions predicts enhanced improvement. Res. Dev. Disabil. 2015, 38, 242–255.
[CrossRef]
2. Tordjman, S.; Anderson, G.M.; Botbol, M.; Brailly-Tabard, S.; Perez-Diaz, F.; Graignic, R.; Carlier, M.; Schmit, G.;
Rolland, A.C.; Bonnot, O.; et al. Pain reactivity and plasma Beta-Endorphin in children and adolescents with autistic disorder.
PLoS ONE 2009, 4, e5289. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
3. Cohen, D.; Ran, M.; Canitano, R.; Bodeau, N.; Bonnot, O.; Périsse, D.; Consoli, A.; Laurent, C. Risperidone or
aripiprazole in children and adolescents with autism and/or intellectual disability: A Bayesian Meta-Analysis of ecacy and
secondary eects. Res. Autism Spectr. Disord. 2013, 7, 167–175. [CrossRef]
4. LeClerc, S.; Easley, D. Pharmacological therapies for autism spectrum disorder: A review. Pharm. Ther. 2015,40, 389–397.

5. Lambrey, S.; Falissard, B.; Martin-Barrero, M.; Bonnefoy, C.; Quilici, G.; Rosier, A.; Guillin, O. Eectiveness of clozapine
for the treatment of aggression in an adolescent with autistic disorder. J. Child Adolesc. Psychopharmacol. 2010, 20, 79–80.
[CrossRef] [PubMed]
6. Frazier, T.W.; Youngstrom, E.A.; Haycook, T.; Sino, A.; Dimitriou, F.; Knapp, J.; Sinclair, L. Eectiveness of medication
combined with intensive behavioral intervention for reducing aggression in youth with autism spectrum disorder. J. Child
Adolesc. Psychopharmacol. 2010, 20, 167–177. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
 BRAINSTORMING
Needs
Autism
Attention
Help in daily activities
Speech delay
Sensitive to light
more care as compared to other
Aggression child
trouble focusing
concentration
Challenges Sensitive to loud noise
Unable to sit still
Hand Flapping Sensory problems

Very active
saliva
Poor Motor skills
Motor delays
May cry on little things
Get upset over clothing tags or textures
 USER PERSONA – INTERVIEW
SUMMARY
I N A N I N T E R V I E W W I T H T H E C A R E TA K E R I G O T T O K N O W  A B O U T   T H E   C L O T H I N G
R E L AT E D C H A L L E N G E S O F  A U T I S T I C   C H I L D  
Name : Shree 
Age –11   observations
Category: autism Don't like bright colours 
History: Bright colour ,don't like
Shree is autistic by birth. textures.
Symptoms includes, Salivation, Aggression If he wants something tells by
signs .
 Heavy tongue (dysarthria):
Cannot express his Feelings.
Often causes slurred or slow speech that can be difficult to understand 
Very active – cannot seat at one place 
Cannot speak words , speech delay
No eye contact
 • KEY INSIGHTS 

I N A N I N T E RV I E W W I T H T H E C A R E TA K E R I G O T T O K N O W  A B O U T
T H E   C L O T H I N G R E L AT E D C H A L L E N G E S O F   A U T I S T I C   C H I L D  

Sensory issues 
Irritation – gets irritated by texture, Solutions
wool  1)Reversible clothing

tags-scratchy. 2)Graphic designs on t-shirts to entertain 

Tactile –with particular textures and
fabrics like wool, spandex, nylon 3) compression vest

 Clothing related Challenges  4)compression t-shirt

     1) clothing as scratchy 
5) for pants –can be use of compression
     2) problem with stiff clothing
pants with give massage to muscles  
     3) issues with binding around arms.
     4) irritations with seams  6)fleece fabric hoodie foe winter use
     5) sensitivity to elastic 
     6)Dislikes textures on clothes.
 EMPATHY MAP
Says
Wants
Says that they are
Wants comfort. dependent on
Looking for caretaker and
clothes that is can't communicate
comfortable to by words 
wear
Problem
solving:
A user
with Very little 
Feel autism Thinks modifications
can lead to solve
The Thinks they have to
Not enough the problem
caretaker and compromise on
varieties in
feel they comfort because
the available
deserve more lack of  varieties in
options 
clothes for autistic
child
UNDERSTANDING RANGE OF MOTION

• Need help in all activities

• Gets irritated with the bright colours
• Speech delay 
• Can't communicate and there's no eye contact
• Hand flapping
• Gets aggressive often
• Salivation
• Very active 
 WHAT'S IN DOMAIN 

• Reversible T-shirt  available in Indian markets 

• Compression weighted west
• Available in other countries  like U.S and U.K 
 PERSONAL STYLES 

• Wears cotton material t-shirt and layer clothes

• Consider soft fabrics and prints on them
• Graphics and screen printed clothes
Likes to wear button up shirt.
FIT AND MEASUREMENTS
 PROBLEM STATEMENT 

Problems : The child  with autism spectrum disorder gets irritated by the seams
of clothes
 Less attention span  
Layer clothes in winter.doest like the texture of wool
 Need : To solve the problem very little modification is needed , and to keep the
child entertain need something that will make him occupied for that time period
Ideas : To solve the problem use of reversible clothing can be done .
Adding graphics design to keep the child entertained.
for winter use we can use Fleas fabric which is soft .
 MATERIAL
STUDIES

Single jersey bio washed .

• Soft fabric
• Warm (can be worn in winters )
• Visually attractive
• Light weighted.
 
 CONCEPT SKETCHING

Dolman sleeve T-shirt

 • Reversible design
• Fabric painting ( cartoon print )
TYPES OF
• Dolman  sleeves 
METHODS
WHAT'S IN DOMAIN- SPECIFIC TO PROBLEM STATEMENT
 MANUFACTURING PROCESS

Pattern making
CUTTING FABRIC
STITCHING
 SKETCHING AND
FABRIC PAINTING 
 FINAL PRODUCT 

• Reversible T- shirt 
• Fabric painted design
TESTING 
 FEEDBACK 

• WAS VERY HAPPY WEARING T-SHIRT

• COMFORTABLE 
• EASY TO WEAR 
• DID'NT GOT IRRITATED WITH THE FABRIC PAINTED PART ,HE
LIKED THE TEXTURE 
• LIKED THE FABRIC ,SAID ITS SOFT .
•THANK YOU