NORMAL

DISTRIBUTION
 NORMAL DISTRIBUTION

is a special continuous distribution

characterized by its mean and its
standard deviation and has a graph
that is bell-shaped
 Normal Curve

is a bell-shaped curve that represents the

graph of a normal distribution
 PROPERTIES OF THE NORMAL
DISTRIBUTION

1. The distribution curve is bell-

shaped.
2. The curve is symmetrical about its
center.
3. The mean, median and mode
coincide at the center.
 4. The width of the curve is determined by
the standard deviation of the distribution.

5. The tails of the curve flatten out

indefinitely along the horizontal axis, always
approaching the axis but never touching it.
That is, the curve is asymptotic to the base
line.
 EMPIRICAL RULE

1. About 68% of the area under the normal

curve falls within 1 standard deviation
from the mean

2. About 95% of the area under the normal

curve falls within 2 standard deviation from
the mean.
3. About 99.7% of the area under
the normal curve falls within 3
standard deviation from the mean
Exercises: Find the area of the shaded region by
applying the empirical rule.
 APPLICATION: WORDED
PROBLEMS

In an Oreo factory, the mean mass

of a cookie is 40 grams. For
quality control, the standard
deviation is 2 grams.
a. Construct the normal curve of
the distribution.
b. What percentage of the
cookies weigh less than
44 grams?

c. What percentage of the

cookies weigh at least 34
grams but less than 42 grams?
d. If 10,000 cookies were produced,
how many cookies at most 44
grams?

e. Cookies are rejected if they

weigh more than 44 grams or
less than 36 grams. How many
cookies will be rejected in a
sample of 10,000 cookies?
 A line up for tickets to a local
concert had an average waiting
time of 20 minutes with a
standard deviation of 4 minutes.

What percentage of the

people in line waited for
more than 28 minutes?
 If 2000 ticket buyers were in line,
1. how many of them would expect to
wait for less than 16 minutes?

2. how many of them would wait for

at most 32 minutes?
3. how many of them would wait for
more than 12 minutes but less than 24
minutes?
The mean life of a battery is 50 hrs
with a standard deviation of 6 hrs.
The manufacturer advertises that
they will replace all batteries that
will last less than 38 hrs. If 50,000
batteries were produced, how many
batteries will the manufacturer
replace?
How many batteries will last
more than 62 hrs but less than
68 hrs?

How many batteries will last

at least 56 hrs?
The incubation time for native
chicks is normally distributed
with a mean of 21 days and a
standard deviation of
approximately 1 day.

a. Construct the normal curve

of the distribution.
b. What percentage of the
chicks will hatch,
1. in less than 18 days?
2. between 17 and 22
days?
3. at most 23 days?
 c. If 1000 eggs are being
incubated, how many chicks do
we expect will hatch?
a) in 19 to 23 days?
b) in 21 days or fewer?
c) in 19 days or fewer?
d) in 18 to 24 days?
e) in 22 days or more?
 STANDARD NORMAL
CURVE

is a normal curve with a mean of zero

and a standard deviation of 1
Z Scores
Examples:

Given the mean is 50 and the

standard deviation is 4, find the z-
score that corresponds to a score
of 58. 42? 40.5?
The weight of chocolate bars from a
particular chocolate factory has a
mean of 8 ounces with a standard
deviation of 0.1 ounce. What is the
z-score corresponding to a weight of
8.17 ounces? 7.84 ounces? 8.21
ounces?
Th temperature is recorded at 60 airport
in a region. The average temperature is
67 degrees Fahrenheit with a standard
deviation of 5 degrees. What is the z-
score for a temperature of 68 degrees?
55.5 degrees? 71.9 degrees?
 The mean growth of the thickness of
trees in a forest is found to be
0.5 cm per year with a standard
deviation of
0.1 cm per year. What is the z-score
corresponding to 0.75 cm per year? 0.32
cm? 0.48 cm?
PROBABILITIES