GROUP MEMBERS

 Kimesha Gooding 21-ade-pri-d-gt-371

Nicole Charles 21-ade-pri-d-gt-232
Keneisha Klass 21-ade-pri-d-bt-212
Angel Joseph 21-ade-pri-d-bt-192
Latisha Collymore 21-ade-pri-d-gt-366
 WHO IS SIR ERIK
ERIKSON ??????????
 According to Erikson Institute @erikson.edu Professor Erik Erikson was a
German American developmental psychologist and psychoanalyst known for
his theory on psychological development of human beings.
One of Sir Erikson's famous quote states that “ As the individual progresses
through the development of these strengths, it is up to the individual to make
something of his/her life”.
 WHAT IS ERIKSON’S THEORY OF PSYCHOSOCIAL
DEVELOPMENT?????
Professor Erikson’s (1953-1963) psychosocial developmental theory proposes
that people advance through the stages of development based on how they
adjust to social crises throughout their lives.

Erikson formulated that our personality develops through eight (8) stages, from
infancy to old age.

He argued that social experience was valuable throughout life, with each stage
recognizable by specific conflict encountered between our psychological needs
and the surrounding social environment.
 STAGE ONE
Trust vs. Mistrust
Trust vs. mistrust is the first stage in Erik Erikson's theory of psychosocial development.
This stage begins at birth continues to approximately 18 months of age. During this stage,
the infant is uncertain about the world in which they live and looks towards their primary
caregiver for stability and consistency of care.
If the care the infant receives is consistent, predictable and reliable, they will develop a
sense of trust which will carry with them to other relationships, and they will be able to
feel secure even when threatened.
If these needs are not consistently met, mistrust, suspicion, and anxiety may develop.
 STAGE TWO
Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt

 This is the second stage of Erik Erikson’s stages of Psychosocial development

 This stage occurs between the ages of 18 months to approximately 3 years. According to Erikson, children
at this stage are focused on developing a sense of personal control over physical skills and a sense of
independence.
Success in this stage will lead to the virtue of will. If children in this stage are encouraged and supported in
their increased independence, they become more confident and secure in their own ability to survive in the
world.
If children are criticized, overly controlled, or not given the opportunity to assert themselves, they begin to
feel inadequate in their ability to survive, and may then become overly dependent upon others, lack self-
esteem, and feel a sense of shame or doubt in their abilities.
 STAGE THREE
Initiative versus Guilt

Initiative versus guilt is the third stage of the psychological

development according to Erik Erikson.
 Between the ages of four and five, throughout the preschool years,
which Erickson refers to as the "play ages," initiative versus guilt
takes place.
 Children spend a lot of time playing with other kids at this age,
which helps them to start to build their social skills.
 STAGE FOUR
Industry Versus Inferiority

Between the ages of five and twelve, children experience Erikson's

fourth psychosocial crisis, which opposes industry (competence)
against inferiority.
At this point, the child's peer group becomes more significant and a
key contributor to self-esteem. The child now feels the urge to impress
others by exhibiting skills.
 STAGE FIVE
Identity vs Role Confusion
This stage occurs during the adolescence/teenage years between 12-18 years.
This is the period the learner begins to understand himself and starts to identify
himself- who he really is; it is a period of having a self image of himself. (BACM
Module U1 pg. 35)
A well-adjusted adolescent develops a high self ego of himself, and he looks forward
to achievement but if not well adjusted, develops low ego or low concept of himself.
If you successfully negotiate this stage, you will have the virtue Erikson called
fidelity
 STAGE SIX
INTIMACY VS ISOLATION

Young adults experience this stage from age 19-40 years, this is the
period the individual begins to give up part of their identity to develop an
intimate relationship with others.

Failure to develop intimate relationship, he withdraws to himself.

(Borich 2007)
 STAGE SEVEN
Generativity vs stagnation

Adults approaching (40-65 ) years old become comfortable, most use their leisure time to
contribute to our society, so that our future generations can benefit from it . Some persons
become teachers to lead on the next generation of young adults. generativity gives a positive
attitude that pushes them to make to put their mark on the world by:
Making commitments to other people,

Caring for others,

Accomplishing things that make the world a better place.

Persons who are successful in this phase are often active in their home and community.
Example: volunteering / Mentoring.
 GENERATIVITY AND STAGNATION

Stagnation is the inability in finding a way to contribute. These individuals feel

disconnected or uninvolved with their community or with society. characteristics of
such would include how person are being :
Self- centered (Neuroticism).
Failing to get involved with others
No efforts to improve their self.
Placing one’s concerns above one else.
 STAGE EIGHT
EGO INTEGRITY VS DESPAIR
Adults approaching 65 and onward until (death) tend to slow down at this
age, however at this stage they contemplate on their gains and losses, during
their previous life. Integrity would be developed if their life was successful.
Major questions would be: what have I accomplished over the years?
whereas if they have led an unsuccessful life they would fall into a state of
despair. With acceptance of the life which has spent comes wisdom and
therefore that person must create a balance between the two phases to feel
contented.
 CONCLUSION

 It
can be concluded that Erikson’s psychosocial theory of
development considers the impact of external factors,
parents and society on personality development from
childhood to adulthood.
According to this theory every person must through a
series of eight interrelated stages over the entire life cycle
QUESTIONS ?????????????????????
 REFRENCES
(psychreel/, 2022)
Behavioral Analysis and Classroom Management Module Unit 1 Page 35
Mcleod, S. (2018, May 3). Erik erikson’s stages of psychosocial development. Simply
Psychology. https://www.simplypsychology.org/Erik-Erikson.html
Miller, R. (2020, December 29). Initiative Vs. Guilt: A Stage Of Psychosocial Development |
Betterhelp. Www.betterhelp.com. https://www.betterhelp.com/advice/guilt/initiative-vs-guilt-
a-stage-of-psychosocial-development/
SimplePsycology by Dr. Saul Mcleod