5.3.

REALIZE THAT
a. CHOICES HAVE CONSEQUENCES
b. SOME THINGS ARE GIVEN UP WHILE
OTHERS ARE OBTAINED IN MAKING

FREEDOM OF
CHOICES

THE
5.2 EVALUATE AND EXERCISE
PRUDENCE IN CHOICE

5.1 REALIZE THAT “ALL ACTIONS

HUMAN
PHILOSOPHY

HAVE CONSEQUENCES”
PERSON
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Is there a time in your life
where you can do whatever
you want? Does is it feel good?
WHAT IS FREEDOM?

It is the condition or right of

being able or allowed to say,
think and act whatever you want
without being controlled or
limited.
 The Human Freedom

Freedom is one of the

important properties you own
as a person.
● freedom is important because it allows us to
live a life without fear or oppression and it
also allows us to live to the fullest and to live
to the world that we deserve without being
controlled or even the permission of other
Two elements that
define freedom.
 VOLUNTARINESS

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It is you ability to act out your own free

will and self determination. This means
that you decide to act or not to act. Your
decision is made from your own free will.
Therefore, voluntary acts are free acts with
moral values
 RESPONSIBILITY
11:25 AM

This means that you are accountable

to the consequences of your actions.
When you act whether good or bad,
you are responsible for it and its
consequences.`

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CLASSIFICATIONS
OF FREEDOM
The elements of freedom define your
actions and gives meaning to your
experiences. You can reflect on your
actions to better understand them and
guide you towards making the best
possible decision
1. PHYSICAL FREEDOM

It refers to your freedom to go where

you want to go. This is also called
freedom of mobility.
2. PYSCHOLOGICAL FREEDOM

It is also called the freedom of

choice. It means that you are free to
do what you think is right and wise.
You are free to act or not to act in a
certain situation.
3. MORAL FREEDOM

This is using freedom in a manner that

defends human dignity and goodness.
Use your freedom to your advantage and
for your well-being. because if you
become less free, you will be deprived of
so many things
 10:25 AM

When you exercise freedom, you experience the path

of making choices. Though freedom gives you the
ability to think of countless decisions and possible
actions, you only get to choose one of these decisions
and act on it. Thus, you need to choose from among
the many choices

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 Freedom gives you the ability to choose a
possible action in a given situation. Your
free will enables you to do actions and
develop self determination. This makes you
free
Free will
It is your ability to choose an action from
various options
 9:22 AM

WHAT IS A CHOICE?
12:20 PM

A choice is an act of selecting or deciding when

faced with two or more possibilities.

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 Have you experienced this situation?

Your mother told you to look after your younger sibling

while she is in the market buying essential things for the
family. At the same time, your friends invited you to
play your favorite online game with them. What will you
choose?
 11:25 AM

Whether you choose to look after your siblings or to play your

favorite online games with your friends, you make a choice.
Whether you answer the activities in your learning activity sheets
or have a chat with someone you like, you still make a choice.
You choose what clothes to wear. You choose whether you go
outside or stay home. You choose which food to eat. You choose
your friends you like to hang out with. You also choose what
personality to show to other people. You always make choices.
You cannot avoid it.

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Even abstaining to choose is an act of choosing, to
abstain. Whatever you become is the result of your own
choice. Whenever you choose something, it is called the
freedom of choice. The choices and actions you make
will lead to consequences.
 5.1 REALIZE THAT “ALL ACTIONS HAVE
CONSEQUENCES”
11:25 AM

All Actions Have Consequences

As a free being, you must accept the

consequences of your actions and be responsible
for them.

Reflect on this.
You are holding your friend's new cellphone. What will happen if
you hold it carefully and properly? What will happen if you open
your palm and let the cellphone fall?

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11:25 AM

You may choose to hold it carefully or to let it fall.

What will happen if you hold it carefully or let it
fall? Whatever your action is, whether good or bad,
it results to consequences. A consequence is the
result or effect of your choices and actions. But
how can you be so sure that what you choose is the
best one? Recall the ideas of Aristotle to give light
to the question.
 Thinking is volitional As such, your will is
at work whenever you make a choice. The
will is meaningless apart from the intellect
(Ramos 2016).

Volition or Will
It is the cognitive process by which an individual decides on
and. commits to a particular course of action.
 For Aristotle there is a relationship between
the will and the intellect.

This is true. For how could your ideas be

translated into action when you do not will it?
Therefore, your intellect guides your will in
making choices. The absence of the intellect or
reasoning means absence of the will, too.

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For example,

you think of completing your learning tasks.

Your idea remains an idea unless your will
converts it into action. If your will decides to
complete your learning tasks, then your action
leads to completing your tasks. However, if your
will decides not to complete your tasks, then
your action leads to not completing your tasks
Can you now clearly see the interconnection
among reason, will and action? Reasoning
therefore is important in determining the nature
and quality of your actions. Since the choices are
products of your actions, you can say that the
choices are the results of your reasoning. The
nature and quality of your choices is the product of
how you reason out.
How then is reasoning being
evaluated in making judgements with
regards to your behavior when
making a choice?
The great philosopher St. Thomas
Aquinas suggested the four fold
classification of law which will guide you
the way you think. The knowledge or
ignorance of these laws determine your
actions; thus, your choices.
CLASSIFICATION
OF LAWS
 NATURAL LAW
01
states that good should be sought after and
evil should be avoided. This principle means
that you have the characteristics for
preservation of life. Any actions then that
violates this principle is a choice that is not
good and is evil
 HUMAN LAW
02
is based upon the concept of natural law and
is directed towards the common good and
serves as instrument in the promotion of
virtue. Human laws are therefore created to
uphold common good through maintenance
of desirable virtues.

Virtue It is a trait or quality of being morally good. It shows high moral standards.
 ETERNAL LAW
03 can be understood as "the mind of God". God
stands as ruler to the universe which He created.
And when God's wisdom is understood as God
Himself which is unchanging and eternal, eternal
law exists. Therefore, the wisdom that you have
in everything is drawn out from the wisdom of
God since all things were created by Him.
DIVINE LAW
guides the act of going beyond since 04
human and natural laws are limited by
humanity's nature. According to St.
Thomas Aquinas, since you are
destined to go beyond your nature, you
need a law to guide you towards that
destiny.
The classification of laws adopted by St.
Thomas Aquinas makes you aware that the
nature and quality of your actions can be
evaluated. You can therefore say that the
choices you make are also evaluated by the
same laws since your choices are the products
of your action.
• It is exciting to know that you can greatly
influence the consequences of your choices.
Bear in mind that your actions are only
realized when there is the will to do it.
Choosing is a form of action.
Now, you have learned that all choices and
actions always have consequences. Do you
now agree that the consequences of your
actions are the results of how you think?
Therefore, it is very important for you to
exercise caution and prudence in making
decisions or doing actions.
5.2 EVALUATE AND
EXERCISE
PRUDENCE IN
CHOICE IN CHOICE
 Prudence in Choices
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Prudence is a virtue of deliberation, taking into consideration

the possible consequences of your decisions and taking the
actions that are best. This gives you the ability to pursue a
correct action in various situations. When you face a decision,
consider the various ways to morally achieve your desired
end. Therefore, prudence is about understanding what is good
for others and ultimately for yourself

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 11:30 AM

Prudence it is an act of making good

judgment that allows you to avoid risks. It
also means careful or cautious judgement
in making decisions.
You have to realize that a prudent person is
not driven by compulsion or hasty
decision. You must be cautious in making
decisions by weighing the consequences
of your actions or decisions before they
happen.
When you want something, you act to
get it when the occasion arises, thus
your behavior is completely
determined. This is your responsibility
as an autonomous being
Autonomous Being is a person that
does not have any authority other
than his or her reason.
RATIONAL CHOICE THEORY

states that you rely on rational

calculations to achieve outcomes
which provide you with the greatest
benefit or satisfaction given by the
available choices
RATIONAL CHOICE
gives you an idea that your action passes
through and is a result of choosing
processes between several options. Note
that since your action is a result of a
choosing process among options, it could
mean that there are options that are not
chosen. Therefore, there are options
which are given up.
5.3. REALIZE THAT
a. CHOICES
5.3. REALIZE THAT
a. CHOICES HAVE CONSEQUENCES
HAVE CONSEQUENCES

MAKING b. SOME THINGS ARE GIVEN UP

b. SOME THINGS ARE GIVEN UP WHILE OTHERS ARE OBTAINED IN
CHOICES

WHILE OTHERS ARE OBTAINED IN

MAKING CHOICES
CHOICES HAVE CONSEQUENCES

Choices Have Consequences. And perhaps this is

greatest insight we must understand to be able to
take control of our life. To be able to remove
sufferings from our lives. The Buddha taught that all
sentiment beings suffer. And, that the suffering
comes from the fact that all sentiment beings have
the power of choice and it through our choices that
we create suffering.
Often, it says that choices have
consequences. The big question is, does this
assertion stand or hold any essential truth?
Well, narrowly speaking, the correspondence
theory of truth is while you are free to make
your own decision, you are not free to control
the consequences of your actions.
 FREE WILL

Every human being is present with free

will to make their own decisions. To do
something of your own free will, you do it
by choice, but if you allow someone to
influence you, then your decision is not
free.
While establishing that human beings
can think and act freely as a reasonable
and moral living being, remember
everything you do come back to you.
And the consequences, whether good
or bad, will follow you forever, and it
also affects everyone in your path.
 FOR EXAMPLE
Every day you have choices to make, and each choice
has a consequence or result. If you choose not to
sleep as consequence you will be tired. If you choose
to not eat, as a consequence you will be hungry.
When you choose to read the scriptures, you can
learn. And if you choose to study and go to school
you will have a great future and this will make you feel
good and live better for the rest of your life
 REMEMBER WHEN LIZA SOBERANO SAID:
“WHEN YOU CHOOSE TO LOVE DAPAT TAPAT”
In love, we must remember that everything we do will come back to
us and as Liza said when you choose to love dapat tapat this saying
will made you think why? If i love with loyalness how is it going to
affect me? When loving someone you will be given a choice to take
it seriously or not, you have to choose what makes you happy and
not, you have to choose if you are going to pursue that person or
not, and if you are going to take love seriously you will feel that
genuine love and feel what that person can do for you and if you are
going to take it as a joke then one day they will realize that you are
taking it as a joke and as time pass they will leave you and you will
feel pain and regret.
The choices you make can shape you
to be unique and set a difference
between yourself and everyone else.
However, the decisions you make
have long-lasting repercussions on
your life
Your life on a daily is a series of cascading
choices you have been making over a
lifetime. You will live with those choices for
the rest of your life, and believe me, you are
free to choose your actions, but you are not
free from the consequences of your
actions.
You have the authority to choose, it is
essential to remember choices have
consequences; you get to make your
decisions, but you do not get to choose
your results.
In life, it is a matter of how the choices you make
influence what you become, and how the
direction of your lives comes down to those
choices you make. The journey to tread in your
life depends on your preferences because
choices have consequences; you get to make
your own decisions, but you do not get to
choose your results.
SOME THINGS ARE GIVEN TO
US WHILE OTHERS ARE
OBTAINED IN MAKING
CHOICES
SOME THINGS ARE GIVEN TO US AND WE DON’T HAVE TO
MAKE CHOICE FOR IT BECAUSE ITS THERE WE JUST NEED
TO VALUE IT AND KNOW ITS WORTH, BUT AT THE OTHER
SIDE SOME THINGS ARE OBTAINED BY MAKING CHOICES.
NOT ALL THINGS IN LIFE ARE IN FAVOR TO US, WE HAVE
TO CHOOSE WHATS THE BEST FOR US AND WE MUST
KNOW THAT NOT ALL THINGS THAT IS GIVEN TO OTHERS
OR WHAT THEY HAVE WILL BE GIVEN TO US.
JUST LIKE IN CHOOSING WHAT PATH YOU ARE GOING TO
TAKE, WHEN TAKING AN ENTRANCE EXAM ON A
PARTICULAR SCHOOL AND GETTING THAT LOW SCORE
FOR YOU TO NOT ABLE TO TAKE THE COURSE YOU
WANTED AND YOUR CHOICES WILL ENROLL TO OTHER
SCHOOL OR BE PRACTICAL AND ACCEPT THE FACT THAT
IT IS NOT MEANT FOR YOU BUT IF YOU REALLY WANT
THAT YOU HAVE TO CHOOSE TO ENROLL TO ANOTHER
SCHOOL TO TAKE THE COURSE YOU WANT WHILE OTHER
GET HIGH SCORES WILL NOT HAVE TO WORRY.
 We have our own free will. Among these choices lie
future consequences, good or bad. There are times we
choose to think first before we act and end up happy
with the outcome. But, there are times when we
choose wrongly maybe because we act without
thinking or because of some circumstances which
distract us from the right path.
Choices vary from different situations and there is
always a choice not to choose, but decisions lie upon us.
So we have to be very careful, for what we are and where
we are standing right now is all because of our choices
we make. We usually want the best for our lives and do
all the things we can do to succeed. We could never
possess a thing we really desire unless we plan and work
hard for it, or we have won by chance. 
We could not help ourselves in
making mistakes by choosing
the wrong choice because we
are just humans.
ALWAYS REMEMBER THAT WE HAVE THE FREEDOM TO CHOOSE
WHAT’S THE BEST FOR US JUST LIKE IN LOVE YOU HAVE TO
CHOOSE WHO IS THE RIGHT ONE FOR YOU AND FACE THE
CONSEQUENCES IF YOU TAKE THE RISK FOR SOMEONE WHO IS
NOT WORTH FIGHTING FOR, YOU HAVE TO THINK AND MUST
UNDERSTAND THAT LOVE ISN’T ABOUT HAPPINESS BUT IF IT’S
HURTING YOU AND MAKE YOU FEEL UNVALIDATED FOR MANY
TIMES YOU HAVE THE CHOICE TO STOP AND MOVE FORWARD. WE
ALL DESERVE TO BE LOVED SO THINK AND MAKE THE BEST
CHOICE FOR YOURSELF NOT FOR THE OTHER