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  • Gas Exchange + Transport

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    Daniel Napoleon
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    This document summarizes gas exchange and transport in the human body. It describes how diffusion moves gases through membranes from high to low concentration areas based on partial pressures, as defined by Dalton's and Henry's laws. Oxygen is absorbed into the blood in the lungs and transported to tissues, where it dissociates to allow cellular respiration, while carbon dioxide moves in the opposite direction for exhalation. Key factors that influence gas exchange are the partial pressure gradients driving diffusion, thickness of the respiratory membrane, and condition of the alveolar air spaces.

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    This document summarizes gas exchange and transport in the human body. It describes how diffusion moves gases through membranes from high to low concentration areas based on partial pressures, as defined by Dalton's and Henry's laws. Oxygen is absorbed into the blood in the lungs and transported to tissues, where it dissociates to allow cellular respiration, while carbon dioxide moves in the opposite direction for exhalation. Key factors that influence gas exchange are the partial pressure gradients driving diffusion, thickness of the respiratory membrane, and condition of the alveolar air spaces.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    8 views17 pages

    Gas Exchange + Transport

    Uploaded by

    Daniel Napoleon
    This document summarizes gas exchange and transport in the human body. It describes how diffusion moves gases through membranes from high to low concentration areas based on partial pressures, as defined by Dalton's and Henry's laws. Oxygen is absorbed into the blood in the lungs and transported to tissues, where it dissociates to allow cellular respiration, while carbon dioxide moves in the opposite direction for exhalation. Key factors that influence gas exchange are the partial pressure gradients driving diffusion, thickness of the respiratory membrane, and condition of the alveolar air spaces.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    of 17

    GAS EXCHANGE + GAS TRANSPORT

    DIFFUSION - movement of molecules through a


    semipermeable barrier from an area of higher
    concentration to area of lower concentration
    ATHMOSPHERIC AIR
    756mmHg
    N2 02 C02 H20
    Dalton’s Law - the total
    597 159 0.3 3.7 pressure exerted by a mixture
    mmHg mmHg mmHg mmHg of gases is the sum of all partial
    pressures of gases

    Partial Pressure - the pressure of a single type of gas in a mixture of gases


    Gas Solubility in Liquids

    Henry’s law - the concentration of gas in a liquid is directly proportional to the


    solubility and partial pressure of that gas.

    The greater the partial pressure of the gas, the greater the number of gas
    molecules that will dissolve in the liquid.
    N2 02 C02 H20
    ATHMOSPHERIC AIR
    597 159 0.3 3.7
    (inhaled air)
    mmHg mmHg mmHg mmHg

    569 104 40 47 ALVEOLAR


    mmHg mmHg mmHg mmHg AIR
    Ventilation vs. Perfusion
    Ventilation vs. Perfusion
    2 SITES OF GAS EXCHANGE

    LUNGS (EXTERNAL) TISSUES (INTERNAL)


    GAS TRANSPORT
    IN THE BLOOD
    O2 C02

    • Dissolved in the blood* • Dissolved in the blood*


    • Binds to Hemoglobin*
    • Binds to Hemoglobin** • Bicarbonate**
    Carbaminohemoglobin =
    Maroon color of blood
    GAS TRANSPORT
    IN THE BLOOD
    O2 C02

    • Dissolved in the blood* • Dissolved in the blood*


    • Binds to Hemoglobin*
    • Binds to Hemoglobin** • Bicarbonate**
    Factors affecting gas exchange

    1. Magnitude of Partial Pressure Gradient (HENRY’S LAW)


    Factors affecting gas exchange

    2. Thickness of RESPIRATORY MEMBRANE

    normal Pneumonia Heart Failure


    Factors affecting gas exchange

    3. Alveolar Space

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