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CO2 H2O
Raman: 1335 cm–1
Raman + IR: 3657 cm–1
IR: 2349 cm–1
Raman + IR: 3756 cm–1
2nd Electronic
Excited State
Excitation Energy, s (cm–1)
Impurity
25,000
1st Electronic
Excited State
Elastic
Scattering
(Raleigh)
fluorescence
s semit
s semit
fluorescence
semit
4,000 Vib.
s states Electronic
Ground State
0
IR UV/Vis
Fluorescence
Raman Spectroscopy: Absorption, Scattering, and Fluorescence
2nd Electronic
Excited State
Excitation Energy, s (cm–1)
25,000
1st Electronic
Excited State
Stokes Anti-Stokes
s semit
4,000 Vib.
s ±∆s states ∆s Electronic
Ground State
0
IR Raman Resonance Raman
s ∆s=semit–s ∆s=semit–s
Raman Spectroscopy: At NTUF, you pick the Laser Excitation
Near IR Visible
785 nm 514 nm
Intensity
Stokes Anti-Stokes
Stokes Anti-Stokes
2nd Electronic
Excited State
Excitation Energy, s (cm–1)
Impurity
25,000
1st Electronic
Excited State
Stokes Anti-Stokes
fluorescence
s semit
lex = 514.5 nm
Raman Intensity
Without Bleaching
From http://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/fc_pics/fuel_cell_still.gif
Raman Spectroscopy: Dan’s trip to NTUF
Nafion
Fluorescence problems!
Maybe try photobleaching
as next option.