Total Slides: 22

Efficient Modelling & Simulation of Power

Networks and its Integration with GIS Maps

Mohsin Shahzad Khan

MS-CSE - (Reg. # 0000326129)

MS TOPIC DEFENSE

GEC Members
Supervisor
Dr. Salma Sherbaz
Dr. Mian Ilyas Ahmad
Dr. Zamir Hussain
Dr. Abbsar Ul Jabbar
School of Interdisciplinary Engineering and Sciences
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 Outline
Introduction

Problem Statement

Literature Review

Research Objectives

Methodology

Tentative timeline

References

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 Introduction
Power System Network
A network of electrical components used to supply, transfer electricity to consumers.

Basic elements in power network:

• Generation
• Transmission
• Distribution
• Consumers Reach

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 Introduction

General circuitry of transmission line which includes;

• A source
• Currents and Voltages in lumped parameters
• Capacitance and Conductance uniformly distributed on TL
• A load connected with TL

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 Introduction
Generated Power >> Step-up Transformer >> TL >> Consumer,

1. Greater Transmission voltages, the less conductor material

is used.
2. Reduction of voltage drop at high voltage transmission,
Voltage Regulation will improve.

3. Enhancement in transmission efficiency at high voltages.

4. Losses reduction in transmission at high voltages.

P=
• Cost factor will be improved.

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 Introduction Input  Outputpower  Losses I
 J 
Loadcurrent  I  
3V cos  2 l  
J

l Powerlosses  I

R V 2 cos 2  putininputpowerequation,
2 l
 Inputpower   
2 l V 2 cos 2 
Totalpowerloss  W  3  I 2  R Inputpower    IP   
2 l

J
V 2 cos 2  V 2 cos 2  I
 l  2  lJ 1
W  3 ( )2  IP    2
V cos 2 

I
3V cos   
Loadcurrent 
2
 l 3V cos 
W 
V 2 cos 2 
Areaofconductor ,
Current density is the total flow pf IP   
 2  lJ
V 2 cos 2 

3V cos 

 lJ 3

 l2 charge per time over a cross- IP  P 

V cos 
 1   lJ 3 
WV 2 cos 2  sectional area. Let's say J as IP   
 V cos  


Weknowthat , Outputpower

current density,
/ transmissionefficieny 
Inputpower
Volume  3  Volume  Area TE 

1   lJ 3 
2
 l 
 V cos  

V  3 l
WV 2 cos 2   1  3  lJ  
1

TE    
3 2  l 2 

V cos  

V  ApplyingBinomialtherom,
WV 2 cos 2 
 3 lJ 
TE  1  
 V cos  

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 Introduction
Power distribution Network

Delivery of power to industrial, commercial and domestic consumers

• Transmission lines, Nodes and other active equipment

Application and Usage

• Industrial, commercial and domestic use

Challenges and Issues

• Leakages , theft etc.

Modeling and Simulation

• Partial Differential Equation (PDEs)

• Large number of DAEs

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 Research Objectives

Modeling and Real time To validate the

simulation of scenario analysis Construction of reduced order
power of Transmission Reduced Order model by
distribution lines and power Model comparing with
network network original model

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 Methodology
Mathematical Modeling of
Power System

State Space Modeling

Simulation and Validation

Model Order Reduction

Simulation with MOR

Comparison b/w Original and

Reduced Model

Integration with GIS Maps

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 Methodology
Physical system can be written in state space form;
x˙ = Ax + Bu
y = Cx + Du
Where: x= state variables
u= input
y=output
A and B matrices are properties of system and determined by the system structure and elements.

And, C is an output matrix determined by particular choice of output variable.

For Example:

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 Methodology
Model Order Reduction (MOR)
MOR requires much less computation power to evaluate the solution which is an estimation of original
model.
Several Techniques are there those can be used according to the required results. Some of these are;
• SVD based technique
• Krylov based technique
• Proper Orthogonal decomposition methods
• Balancing methods

The ROM can be represented as:

Xr˙ = Ar.x(t)+ Br.u(t)
Yr = Cr.x(t) + Dr.u(t)

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 Literature Review
Paper
A Comparison of Techniques
for State-Space Transient
Analysis of Transmission Lines
Network Flow Models for
Power Grids
Reduce order modeling of
power system using
Hossain, M.S. and Uddin, M.M.
interpolatory projections
technique
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Authors Year Dimensions
    Jose A. Rosendo Macías • State space representation of transmission
Antonio Gómez Expósito 2005 lines
• Stability analysis under ‘n’ number of lumped
Alfonso Bachiller Soler parameters
• Power system simulation solver on the
combination of state-space and nodal analysis
Prof. Dr. Dorothea Wagner
Prof. Dr. Peter Sanders 2014 • State space equations require high
computational time for simultaneous solution
of nonlinear models
• IRKA for multi-input multi-output power
system
2015
• IRKA for index 1 ODE system
12
 Literature Review
Mathematical modeling of • Basic understanding of Kirchhoff's current and
O.M. Bamigbola
electric power flow and the M.M. Ali 2014 voltage laws
minimization of power losses M.O. Oke • Proposed techniques to calculate line losses
on transmission lines and flow of power in transmission lines

• The proposed reduction scheme applies to

New model reduction
scheme for bilinear systems
Samir A. both stable and unstable bilinear systems
Maamar Bettayab
2013 • The algorithm is evaluated on a synchronous
Ubaid M. AL-Sagaf induction generator and is shown to lead to
acceptable reduced approximations of the
original system

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 Problem Statement
Efficient simulation and quick analysis of complex power system network

Implementation of reduction technique to achieve desired results

Reduce the complexity of original model without any changes in its original input and output values

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 Electric Power System

Modern power systems consist of multiple interconnected electrical grids, covering together
wide geographic areas.

Non-linear dynamical power system are very large and complex.

Its very challenging to model, analyze and control such systems due to size and complexity.

Computationally expensive, lead to stability issues.

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 Problem Statement

Efficient simulation and quick analysis of complex bilinear power system. 

Reduce the complexity of original bilinear power system model preserving its I/O
characteristics using projection-based MOR techniques.

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 The growing demand of additional
interconnections to neighboring systems increases
the size and complexity of power networks.

Control design, modeling and simulation becomes

computationally tedious.

The accurate and efficient simulation of these

systems is becoming increasingly important.

Reduced-order models of power systems are

desirable particularly for fast and cost-efficient
MOTIVATION stability analysis.

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APPLICATIONS OF
MOR

◦ Power Systems
◦ Aerospace
◦ MEMS
◦ VLSI
◦ Computational Electromagnetics
◦ Fluid Mechanics

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OBJECTIVES
Building a mathematical model to represent the bilinear power system. 

To simulate and validate the original model of power distribution network.

Reduce the order of the original model using interpolatory projection-based techniques to get reduced order
model(ROM).

Comparing the performance of reduced model with original model through modeling and simulation. 

MATLAB app to develop user interface that analyze ROM methods for different order of reduced model.

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 PREFERRED ALGORITHMS

Implicit moment matching Methods

◦ Rational Krylov subspace method
◦ Iterative krylov subspace algorithm(IRKA)

Balanced Truncation Algorithm

◦ Balanced realization of dynamical system
◦ Truncation of unnecessary states

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PREFERED ALGORITHMS
Algorithms Reason
Rational Krylov • Provides a very flexible and powerful tool for the reduction of even
subspace method  very high-dimensional models.
• Allows multipoint expansion moment matching

IRKA • Obtains optimal interpolation points

• Computationally efficient

Balanced • Computes a lower-order approximation by neglecting states

Truncation • Measures states contributes using HSV
• Lower bounds of error

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 TIMELINE

APRIL-22
MAR-22

AUG-22
MAY-22

NOV-22
JUL-22
FEB-22

NOV-22
SEP-22

OCT-22
JUN-
22
Literature  Review 

Problem statement
formulation

Topic Defense

Modeling &
simulation of power
network
Application of
MOR 
Validation of results
with original model 

Thesis writeup

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