GOOD MORNING!

DAPANAS, LLENA, JUANICH, BANGLAY

GROUP 7
SCIENTIST OF
THE DAY
Dr. León María Guerrero y Leogardo
(January 21, 1853-April 13, 1935)
Dr. León María Guerrero y Leogardo
(January 21, 1853-April 13, 1935)

• The First Scientist in the Philippines

• The Father of Botany in the Philippines
• Father of Philippine Pharmacy
• First Licensed Pharmacist in the Philippines
• Filipino writer -Revolutionary leader
• He also published several papers on Zoology, Ornithology and
Lepidopterology.
• Politician
• Undersecretary of Foreign Affairs during the
Magsaysay administration.
 Dr. León María Guerrero y Leogardo

• Guerrero began his pioneering study on medicinal plants in the early 1900s
where he experimented on substitute medicines when synthetic drugs are
unavailable.
• In 1918, he authored a study on “Medicinal Plants” on 174 types of plants
with healing elements. He experimented with explosive mixtures made from
different plants known as the Guerrero gunpowder, which was tapped by
Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo’s revolutionary troops when their sulfur, charcoal,
among others, ran out to fire their muskets.
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DISACCHARIDE
• A molecule that consist of two monosaccharides bonded
together

• Considered as simple sugars and are soluble in water.

• Three common examples are: SUCROSE, LACTOSE and

MALTOSE
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POLYSACCHARIDE
• A large molecule made of many simple monosaccharides.

• A polysaccharide can be:

 Homopolysaccharide – all the monosaccharides are the
SAME.
 Heteropolysaccharide- which the monosaccharides vary.
TWO TYPES OF POLYSACCHARIDE:
1. Linear Polysaccharide – Straight Chain of monosaccharides
2. Branched Polysaccharide – A chain that has arms and turns
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POLYSACCHARIDE

FUNCTIONS:
 Storage of Energy
 Cellular Communication
 Cellular Support

• Examples of Polysaccharide: CELLULOSE AND CHITIN,

GLYCOGEN AND STARCH
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TEST OF CARBOHYDRATES

 Molisch Test
• General Test for Carbohydrates
• Positive Result: Purple/Violet colored Complex

 Benedict’s Test
• It used to check for the presence of reducing sugars
• Positive Result: Brick-red precipitate of cuprous oxide
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TEST OF CARBOHYDRATES
 Iodine Test
• It is used to distinguish mono or disaccharides from certain
polysaccharides
• Positive Result: Blue/Black color is observed which confirms
the presence of starch
 Fehling's Test
• Test to differentiate between reducing and non-reducing sugars.
• This test can also distinguish ketone functional group and water-soluble
Carbohydrates
• Positive Result: When heated, in the absence of reducing sugars, formation of
black precipitate of cupric oxide
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TEST OF CARBOHYDRATES
 Tollens Test
• Test to differentiate reducing from non-reducing sugars.
• Also called as “Silver Mirror Test”
• Very useful method to distinguish aldehydes and ketones.
• Positive Result: Formation of Silver mirror at the bottom and sides of
the test tube.
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DISEASE CONDITIONS RELATED TO
CARBOHYDRATE CONSUMPTION:
• LACTOSE INTOLERANCE
• GALACTOSEMIA
• DIABETES MELLITUS
• DENTAL DECAY
• HYPOGYLCEMIA
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LIPIDS

• Are naturally occurring organic molecules that have no solubility in water.

• Examples: Fats, Oils, waxes, some vitamins and hormones, and most non-protein cell.

TYPES OF LIPIDS:
1. PHOSPHOLIPIDS
2. STEROLS
3. TRIGLYCERIDES
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LIPIDS
Functions:
1. Energy Storage
2. Regulating and Signaling
3. Insulating and Protecting

Roles of Lipids in Foods:

4. High Energy source
5. Smell, Taste, Texture and Satiety