PRINCIPLES OF

STATICS
Engr. Ernest Mae L. Sabit
WHAT IS ENGINEERING
MECHANICS?
 Defined as the science which considers
the effects of forces on rigid bodies.
 MAIN DIVISIONS

STATICS DYNAMICS

• Consider the effects and • Consider the motion of rigid

distribution of forces on bodies caused by the forces
rigid bodies which are and acting upon them.
remain at rest.
FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPTS AND
DEFINITIONS
RIGID BODY
• Defined as a body which
does not change in shape or
size when acted upon by
external forces.
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FORCE
• Any action that tends to
maintain or alter the motion
of a body or to distort it.
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PRINCIPLE OF
TRANSMISSIBILITY
• States that the external effect
of a force on a body is the
same for all points of
application along its line of
action.
FORCE SYSTEMS
 Any arrangement where two or more forces act on a body or on a group of related
bodies.

 Classified according to their line of action.

CONCURRENT PARALLEL NON-CONCURRENT

AXIOMS OF
MECHANICS
Presentation title

FUNDAMENTAL AXIOMS
OF MECHANICS
1. The parallel law: The resultant of two forces is the diagonal of the parallelogram
formed on the vectors of these forces.
2. Two forces are in equilibrium only when equal in magnitude, opposite in direction,
and collinear in action.
3. A set of forces in equilibrium may be added to any system of forces without
changing the effect of the original system.
4. Action and reaction forces are equal but oppositely directed.
FREE-BODY DIAGRAMS
 A sketch of the isolated body which show only the
forces acting upon the body.
 May consist of an entire assembled structure or an
isolated part of it.
 The forces acting on the free body are the action forces,
also called the applied forces.
 The reaction forces are those exerted by the free body
upon other bodies.
SCALAR AND VECTOR
QUANTITIES
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SCALAR QUANTITIES
• Quantities which possess
magnitude only and can be
added arithmetically.
• Examples: Length, Area,
Volume, Temperature, Mass
and etc.
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VECTOR QUANTITIES
• Can be represented
geometrically by drawing a
line acting in the direction of
the quantity. An arrow is
placed on the line, usually at
the end, to denote the sense
of the direction.
 PARALLELOGRAM
LAW AND TRIANGLE
LAW
THANK YOU