A word/phrase that encapsulates

the term “Philippine Literature”

At the end of this lesson, the learners are
expected to:
1. Identify the dimensions of Philippine literary history
from pre-colonial to the contemporary (EN12Lit-Ia-21)

2. make a graphical timeline focusing on how the

literatures for each literary period proliferated; and

3. appreciate the development of the Philippine

literature.
kahoot.com
Historical Dimension of
Philippine Literature
PHILIPPINE
LITERATUR E :
A Tim e lin e
Precolonial Period
 Pre-colonial
Period
• Includes all literature produced
before t h e S p a n i s h
colonization like chants,
proverbs, songs, and folk narratives.
 Pre-colonial
Period
•These were all passed down
from generation to
generation b y w o r d of
mouth .
Genres During
The
Period
 Folktale
This is a
characteristically
anonymous,
timeless, and
placeless tale
circulated orally
a m o n g people.
Tale of the Sun and the Moon
 Epic
This narrative
poem celebrates the
adventures and
achievements of
a hero.
Spanish Co lonial Period
 S p a n i s h Colonial
Period
S paniards bro u ght C h ris t ia n ity with
them.
• The clergy made a great impact
on
faith, edu cation, a n d g o v e r n m e n t .
 S p a n i s h Colonial
Period
• The Spanish missionaries taught the
gospel through the native language, s o
they hired natives to translate Spanish
religious instructional materials.
• Eventually, the natives became fluent in
Spanish and became known a s
L adin os .
 S p a n i s h Colonial
Period
•Alibata was replaced by the
Roman Alphabet

•Christian Doctrine became the

basis of the religious practices.
Period of Enlightenment
Mariano Gomez
Jose Burgos
G
Jacinto Zamora
The Propaganda Movement
 Jose Rizal
(1 8 61-
✓He is a 189 6)
prominent
Ilustrado and the
country’s national hero

✓Noli Me Tangere and El

Filibusterismo
 A n d r e s Bonifacio
(1 8 6 3 -
18
✓ The founder of the 9 7 )
Katipunan
✓He wrote the poem “Pag-
ibig s a Tinubuang Lupa”,
which appeared in
the Kalayaan, the official
newspaper of the
Katipunan, in March 1896.
 L e o n a Florentino
(1 8 4 9 -
✓
18 8
“Mother Of
4 )
Philippine Women’s
Literature”
✓Twenty of her poems were
pre serv edTheand
Europe. poeexhibited
m s were
in
included in the
Encyclopedia International
des Oeuvres des Femme in
1889.
 S u m m ary
Philippine Literature during the
Spanish occupation was mostly
influenced by Christianity a s well
a s the E u r o p e a n ideals of liberty
and freedom through trade.
Filipino writers either wrote in
Spanish or in their own tongue or
both.
American Regime
 A m e r i c a n Oc cup a ti o n
(1 89 8-1 94 5)
• The U S established a c i v i l
g overnm ent in Free public
education was introduced in 1 9 0 1.
• E n g l i s h was the medium of
instruction.
 American Occupation
(1898-1945)

•The production of literary

works in E n g l i s h is the direct
result of the American
colonization of the
Philippines.
 American Occupation
(1898-1945)
• Filipino writers in English
during the apprenticeship
period im it a t e d
A m e r i c a n writing.
Literary Works
Produced
(American
O ccupation)
•
The first • The short story
collection of “Dead Stars”
poetry in (1925) by P a z
English Marquez
is Filipino B e n i t e z is
Poetry (1924), considered a s the
edited by first Filipino short
Rodolfo Dato. story
Japanese Occupation
 Japanese Occu pa t i o n
(1 9 4 1 -1 9 4 5 )
• On D e cem b e r 8, 1941,
the Japanese attacked Manila.
• On January 1942, Japanese
2,
occupied of
Council Manila.
State They set upand
the country a
in
started to remold the
 Japanese Occupa tio n
(1 941-1 9 4 5 )
• During the occupation, publications
were censored by the military. Also,
T a g a l o g w a s declared an official
language (together with Nihonggo).
• In effect, Philippine literature in E n g lish
cam e to a halt.
• S o m e Filipino w r it e rs t h en t u rn ed t o
w r it i n g i n F il ip in o
 Japanese Occupa tio n
(1 941-1 9 4 5 )
•Poems
•Haiku
•Tanaga
•Karaniwang Anyo
 Summary
The American occupation in the
Philippines spurred the writing
of Filipinos in English. O n the
other hand, the Japanese
occupation censored literary
works yet contributed to the
maturity of t h e Tagalog short
story.
Post-War and

Contem porary
Literature
 Rebirth of
Freedom
(1946-1969)
 Rebirth of Freedom
(1946-1969

• Literature in English was revived

with themes that dealt with
Japanese brutality

• Proliferation of newspapers
Period of Activism
 • The Literary Revolution
The youth became completely
rebellious during this period.
This was proven not only in the bloody
demonstrations and in the sidewalk
expressions but also in literature.
Campus newspapers showed rebellious
emotions.
Period of New Society
• Some writings dealt with the development or progress of the
country

• Themes of some poems dealt with patience, regard for native

culture, customs and the beauties of nature and surroundings.

• ANAK of Freddie Aguilar became an instant success because of

the spirit and emotions revealed in the song. There were even
translations in Japanese and in other languages.

• The government led in reviving old plays and dramas

Rebirth of Freedom version 2.0
PERIOD OF THIRD REPUBLIC
(1981 – 1999)
• This stage of the nation had its effect on our
literature. After Aquino assassinated, the
people’s voices could no long be contained.

• Poems during this period of were romantic and

revolutionary.
• Writers wrote openly of their criticism against the
government. The supplications of the people were coached
in fiery, colorful, violent, profane and insulting language.

• Many Filipino songs dealt with themes that were really

true-to-life like those of grief, poverty, aspirations for
freedom, love of God, of country and of fellowmen.

• The yearly Festival of Filipino Films continued to be held

during this period.
21 Century
st
 21st Century

• New trends have been used and

introduced to meet the need and
tastes of the new generation.

• New codes or lingos are used to

add flavour in the literary pieces
produced nowadays.
• Daring or controversial choice of subject matter
• Very innovative in structure and style
• Influence of literary trends from the West 
• Characters, plot structure and narrative
techniques are more complex.
• Gay and lesbian literature came out.
• TV and films have become more popular.
Do you agree that Filipinos are resilient?
How Philippine Literature
developed from ancient time
to present?
Why literature is
considered as the story of
a man?
Make a graphical timeline focusing on
how the literatures for each literary
period proliferated
Through a triple Venn Diagram, students will
compare and contrast 3 different literary
periods of Philippine history from pre-
colonial to contemporary period.