LIQUID LETDOWN APPLICATIONS

(POWER)

CAVITATION
 HIGH PRESSURE FEEDWATER VALVE
 Start-up & Main Valves
 Combined Valve Solution
 HIGH PRESSURE PUMP RECIRCULATION
VALVE
 FLASHING &EROSIVE
 HIGH PRESSURE HEATER DRAIN VALVE
 LT
HP Evaporator

HP Drum
HP Economizer

IP Superheater

LP Sup erheater
LT

HP Economizer

IP Evaporator

LC
LC
IP Drum

HP Economizer

IP Economizer

HP Economizer

LP Evaporator
LP Drum

IP
HP
Boiler Feedwater Valves

HP Economizer
 Boiler Feedwater Valves

 Application Challenges:

 Severe cavitation

 Wide range of controllability (Cv)

 Potential seat erosion due to leakage (high -P)

 Lack of detailed service conditions!!!

 Severe Cavitation:

 Extremely high -P at start-up conditions

 Standard trim OR cav-containment trim will be

quickly destroyed during start-up

 Improper trim selection will lead to body

cavitation damage

Wide Cv Range:

 Common turndown ratio in excess of 100:1

 Very low flow rates at start-up conditions
 Much higher flow rates at main operating
conditions

 High turndown ratio can cause the valve to

throttle near the seat
 Poor control
 Seat erosion

Seat Damage & Leakage:

 Failure to maintain Class V leakage can lead

to seat erosion & cavitation damage

 High temperature applications can prevent

the use of TEC seal rings as a Class V
alternative

Lack of Detailed Service Conditions:

 Common for customers to only specify

maximum flow rate and low -P service
condition
 Customers may not provide the start-up
conditions
 All conditions are required for proper valve
selection, in order to prevent cavitation

Other Potential Problems:

 High Amine content in fluid may lead to

material corrosion
 Particles & debris in fluid may lead to erosion,
clogging, and sticking
HIGH PRESSURE BFW VALVE SOLUTIONS

TWO VALVES SOLTUION APPROACH THAT
CONSITS OF:
 (1) Multi-stage valve for high P start-up
conditions
 (1) Single or double stage cav-containment
valve for main conditions
 Start-up conditioning are not always provided


SINGLE VALVE SOLUTION APPROACH THAT
CONSISTS OF:
 (1) Multi-stage valve that is characterized to
handle the full spectrum of conditions
HIGH PRESSURE BFW (2) VALVE SOLUTION

STARTUP VALVE:
 Typically a LincolnLog Valve for severe P
 Ranges from start-up through the specified
transition flow

MAIN VALVE:
 Typically a 41005 with Single or Double stage
Cav-containment trim
 Handles the transition flow through the
maximum flow conditions

 SPECIAL ATTENTION SHOULD BE MADE

WHEN SELECTING TRANSITION FLOW
78200/18200 Series Lincolnlog

 1-8” 2500# ANSI

 3-6 Stage Trim Design
 ANSI Class V, VI Shutoff
 Balanced and unbalanced design
HIGH PRESSURE BFW (1) VALVE SOLUTION


(1) Valve to handle full range of conditions, from
start-up to full load
 Typical Solutions
 Large LincolnLog
 41005 with partial stack VRT trim
 41005 with partial stack L-LOG trim
 Partial Stack trim design require VERY detailed
conditions to properly characterize the flow
transition
 Partial Stack L-LOG
 High Rangeability
 High ΔP at low flow start-up,
low Cv required
 Lower ΔP at large flow
operation, higher Cv required

 Integrated Technologies
 L-LOG Stack 0% to 15% Travel
 Drilled-Hole Cage 15% to 100%
 Specified transition section to
avoid control instability
 Typical Example:
 MINIMUM FLOW:
 20,000 LBS/HR
 P1=3,400 PSIG, P2=80 PSIG
 T=200 F.
• OR
 P1=3,350 PSIG, P2 = 100 PSIG
 T = 350 F
 NORMAL FLOW:
 450,000 LBS/HR
 P1=2,900 PSIG, P2=1,450 PSIG
 T=380 F.
 MAXIMUM FLOW:
 1,200,000 LBS/HR
 P1=2,700 PSIG, P2=2,350 PSIG
 T=420 F.
 IP Economizer

HP Economizer

LP Evaporator
LP Drum

HP Economizer
HP

IP
Feedwater Pump Recirculation
Feedwater Pump Recirculation
 Application Challenges:
 Severe cavitation

 Tight shutoff required

 Ability to pass dirty feedwater without clogging

 Critical valve (protects boiler feed pump)


Severe Cavitation:

 High -P can lead to cavitation damage

 High -P at all flow rates (not only start-up)
 Standard trim OR cav-containment trim will
be quickly destroyed during start-up
 Improper trim selection will lead to body
cavitation damage & leakage
 Tight Shutoff Required:

 Class V or Class VI is required

 Class VI is limited to temperature < 450 F
 Leakage will cause erosion & cavitation
damage
 Must Pass Trash:

 Pump recirculation valve passes maintains

a minimum flow to the pump to ensure the
pump does not cavitate
 If recirculation valve becomes blocked &
can not pass flow, boiler feed pump may be
destroyed!!!!
 78200/18200 Series LincolnLog

RECOMMENDATIONS
• Multi-step valve design (high recovery
factor, FL)
• 4 to 6 stages depending on pressure
differential
• ANSI Class V or VI shutoff
• Seat protection feature
• Trash tolerant trim design
• Low cost & maintenance friendly trim
design

Typical Example:
 MINIMUM FLOW:
 80,000 LBS/HR
 P1=3,400 PSIG, P2=280 PSIG
 T=300 F.
 NORMAL FLOW:
 300,000 LBS/HR
 P1=3,400 PSIG, P2=290 PSIG
 T=300 F.
 MAXIMUM FLOW:
 800,000 LBS/HR
 P1=3,400 PSIG, P2=300 PSIG
 T=300 F.
 HEATER DRAIN VALVE
To LT
Deaerator

LC
Auxiliary
Steam

FC

To
Condenser

Condensate Pump
HEATER DRAIN VALVE
 Application Challenges:

 Severe flashing

 Tight Shutoff is required

 Severe Flashing:

 Inlet pressure is very close to Pv

 High -P across the valve
 Application is FLASHING!
 Instantaneous flashing
 Between 20% & 50% FLASHING (QUALITY
FACTOR)
 This level of flashing will cause severe
erosion damage to body & trim

 CAN FLASHING BE PREVENTED?

 Tight Shutoff:

 Leakage across seat will cause flashing

and further erosion damage
 Class VI shutoff is desired, but not
possible due to high temperature
FLASHING CAN NOT BE PREVENTED


Flashing damage must be contained

 Angle body design

 Flow-To-Close direction
 Hard trim materials

 Venturi liner is recommended to reduce

erosion damage at valve outlet
 21000A Series Top Guided Angle

 1 -10 ANSI 150-2500 Class

 Carbon Steel & Alloy
 End Connections -
SW,BW,RF,RTJ
 ANSI Class IV & V Shutoff
 Stellite Venturi Outlet
 Pneumatic/Electric/EHA

Typical Example:
 MINIMUM FLOW:
 5,000 LBS/HR
 P1=1,800 PSIG, P2=200 PSIG
 T=620 F.
 NORMAL FLOW:
 15,000 LBS/HR
 P1=1,800 PSIG, P2=200 PSIG
 T=620 F.
 MAXIMUM FLOW:
 30,000 LBS/HR
 P1=1,800 PSIG, P2=200 PSIG
 T=620 F.