Natural Resources And

Their Mismanagement
 COAL:

Coal is a combustible black or brownish-black sedimentary rock with a high amount

of carbon and hydrocarbons.

Renewable or Non-Renewable? 
Coal is classified as a nonrenewable energy source because it takes millions of years to form.
USES:
1.Electricity Generation
2.Metal Production
3.Cement Production
4.Gasification and Liquefaction
5. Chemical Production
6.In Industries
Coal Reserves in Pakistan:
Pakistan has coal deposit in Sindh,Punjab and
Balochistan and in total,approximately 185B
Tons are reported.
Production and Consumption:
 
 

 

Product Tons Rank Worldwide

Coal Production 4,506,243 34th
Coal Consumption 10,199,674 38th
Yearly Deficit -5,693,431  
Coal Import 7,107,758  
A coal power plant set up in the Tharparkar desert by Engro Powergen Thar
Private Limited. Part of rthe China-Pakistan Economic Corridor, it was completed
just before China announced it would stop financing overseas coal projects.
(Image: Sindh Engro Coal Mining Company)
SALT:
 Pakistan today contains one of the world’s largest salt deposits and the second-
largest mine — the Khewra Salt Mine — in Jhelum district of the country’s
Punjab province. Although it is often marketed as coming from the Himalayas,
the pink salt is mainly mined in the hills of Pakistan’s Punjab province, which is
also known as the Salt Range. The Khewra Salt Mine is located in this range.

Types of salt in Pakistan.

PINK SALT
In the U.S., Himalayan pink salt has become popular in a variety of uses, from cooking to spa
treatments. You can even buy lamps made from it. But its origins are rarely highlighted or even
mentioned on products — perhaps because Pakistan, where most of this salt comes from, isn't a
place one associates with pink salt. Instead, the salt is often marketed as coming from some
amorphous Himalayan mountain, perhaps an icy glacier.
SALT EXPORTS
MISMANAGEMENT:
Mining here was once a small-time industry that attracted little attention. Some
400,000 tons of salt are exported a year, largely as crude rock, according to Nadeem
Babar, the adviser to Pakistan's prime minister on petroleum and natural resources.
About a quarter of those exports were shipped at around $40 a ton to India —
Pakistan's neighbor, with which it has fought four wars. The salt was literally blown
out of mines, hauled in trucks and dispatched some 160 miles to the border.
But the exports came to national prominence this year after Pakistani Twitter
discovered that the country was selling cheap salt to India, where it was being
processed and sold at a markup — and worse, without listing the country of origin.
The revelation triggered a viral campaign.
"Please take action to stop our #pink #salt cheap export to India," pleaded Twitter
user Mohammad Hazran. "We have to protect our natural resources," he wrote. "We
are getting peanuts for this gold."
PETROLEUM
 Petroleum is also called crude oil. It is made up
of a mixture of hydrocarbons. It is formed from
the remains of ancient marine organism such as
plants, algae & bacteria. Petroleum is extracted
by the giant drill machines. After extraction of
petroleum, distillation process began, in which
different products are extracted from petroleum.
PRODUCTS:
Gasoline (Petrol)

Kerosene

Diesel Fuel

Jet Fuel

& so on
The first well was drilled in 1964 & commercial production was started in 1967.
According to 2016’s table:

Oil production88262Barrels per day

Oil consumption 556000 Barrels per day

Oil deficit 467738
Oil import 140097
Oil export 4896
Net import135201

1 Barrel is equal to 158.987 liter

 
Pakistan exports refined
petroleum mainly:

South Korea

Afghanistan

Chinese Taipei

UAE

Malaysia

 In
2019, Pakistan exported 280M refined petroleum &
making it the 79th largest exporter of refined petroleum.
PRODUCTION: