LIFE OF RIZAL

FROM BIRTH TO
DEATH Rizal’s Life
Tiffany Kate B. Arrojo
BSECE-1A
 Jose Rizal
Hailed as the National Hero of the Philippines,
he was a man of strong convictions who
sacrificed his life for the nationalist cause.
During his time Philippines was under Spanish
colonial rule and Rizal advocated for peaceful
reforms for his country. Rizal was not just a
nationalist, he was a multifaceted personality
who was a qualified doctor, writer and an artist
who could draw, sculpt, paint and carve.
 Jose Rizal
He was a prolific writer and poet who through
his eloquent writings inspired the nationalist for
peaceful reforms as well as armed conflicts.
Born to a family which valued education, he
was encourage to study well and gain
knowledge about to a variety of subjects. Even
as a youngster he was known to harbor
thoughts of political freedom and individual
rights which were considered radical by
authorities who frowned upon him.
 Jose Rizal
A well traveled man, he became involved in the
Propaganda Movement when he joined other
Filipinos who wanted reforms. He also wrote
about the dark aspects of Spanish rule which
was banned in the Philippines. Even though he
was a supporter of peaceful reforms, he was
exiled from his home country, and later on
convicted of sedition and sentenced to death.
The execution of this young nationalist fueled
the Filipinos’ desire for independence further.
 Early Life
University Of
Santo Tomas

• He was born as Jose Protacio Rizal y Alonso

Realonda, one of the 11 children of Francisco
Ateneo de Engracio Rizal Mercado y Alejandro and Teodora
Municipal de
Manila
Morales Alonso y Quintos. Later on he adopted a
shorter version of his name, Jose Rizal. His family
was very prosperous.

• On 1870 Rizal begin to go to school under the

instruction of Justiniano Aquin Cruz at just nine
years of age and on 1871 he continue his education
under the instruction of Lucas Padua.

• He enrolled at Ateneo de Municipal de Manila and

graduated with a degree in Land Surveying and
assessment in 1877. he had a deep interest in arts
and thus he went to the faculty of arts and letters for
a degree in Philosophy at the University Of Santo
Tomas.
 Universidad

Early Life Central de Madrid

• His mother was becoming blind at that time and

Rizal decided to specialized in ophthalmology in
order to help her. He enrolled at the Faculty of
Medical Sciences at University of Santo Tomas in
1878 for this purposes.

• He went to Spain to continue his studies and

enrolled at the Universidad Central de Madrid
from where he earned his degree in medicine in
1884. He completed another degree in
Philosophy and letters from the same institute the
next year

• He had an insatiable thirst for knowledge and

went to France to further his knowledge of University of
Heidelberg
ophthalmology at the University of Heidelberg.
He completed his eye specialization in 1887
under the tutelage of the Famous professor Otto
 Later Life
• In 1887, while studying medicines in the
Universidad Central de Madrid, he wrote the
novel ‘Noli Me Tangere’. He harshly criticized the
Spanish colonial rule in Philippines and wrote of
the injustices and brutalities suffered by the
native people and his novel was banned by the
government due to his scathing contents.

• He had been exposed to the to the problematic

life under the Spanish government and was
aware of the difficulties experienced by the
Filipinos. He became the leader of the reform
movement of Filipino students in Spain and
wrote several articles and essays in the
Spanish newspaper ‘La Solidaridad’.
 Later Life
• He believed that Philippines was struggling with
the twin problems of corrupt friars and bad
government. Ideas of progressive ideals,
peaceful reforms, individual rights and rights for
the Filipino people formed the foundation of his
writings.

• The main focus of the reforms he advocated

were freedom of assembly and speech,
representation in the legislature, equal rights
before the law for both Filipinos and Spanish,
and that the Philippines be a province of Spain.
However, the colonial authorities did not favor
these reforms.
 Later Life
• In 1891, his second novel ‘El Filibusterismo’ was
published as a sequel to his first novel. The novel
dealt with dark and violent themes that were
considerably different from the theme of its
predecessor. The novel profoundly impacted the
Philippine society’s views about national identity
and was banned in some parts of the country for its
portrayal of the Spanish government’s corruption.

• He returned to Philippines in 1892 as he felt he

needed to be in the country to effectively bring
about reforms. He formed a civic movement called
La Liga Filipina which campaigned for social
reforms through peaceful and legal means.
 Later Life
• By the early 1890s the government had
branded Rizal an enemy of the State in spite of
the fact that he advocated peaceful reforms;
the authorities were angry with his novels and
writings which had exposed the corruption of
the Spanish Colonial government. He was
exiled to Dapitan in July 1892.

• In Dapitan he continued his reform work by

building a school for young boys, a hospital and
a water supply system. He also taught farming
and worked on agricultural projects using
abaca, a plant used for making rope.
 Later Life
• Beckett had a daughter, Gertrude, whom Rizal
admired. But the feelings were not reciprocated, and
when he finished his studies, Rizal left her with a clay
medallion portrait of herself. He set off for Paris, into
the arms of Nelly Boustead, the daughter of a rich
British trader, over whom he almost fell into a duel to
the death. His final love was an Irish woman living in
Hong Kong called Josephine Bracken. Her blind father
was a patient of Rizal in his ophthalmology clinic.

• They fell in love, and would have married but for Rizal
refusing to return to the Catholicism, which he had
rejected. They had a son who died a few hours after
his birth. After Rizal’s death, Bracken set off for the
muddy and overgrown expanses of the Philippine
revolution’s enemy lines, where she reloaded spent
cartridges for the rebels. She died six years later of
TB.
 Later Life
• By August 1896, a secret society Katipunan
started a violent revolution. Even though Rizal
was in no way associated with the revolution, he
was arrested enroute to Cuba.

• He was sent back to Manila where he was tried

for rebellion, sedition and conspiracy and
convicted of all these charges.

• After a show trial, Rizal was convicted of

rebellion, conspiracy and sedition and sentenced
to death. He was executed by firing squad in
Manilla on 30 December 1896 at the age of 35.
 Later Life
• On the evening before he was to be executed,
Rizal placed documents in his pockets and
shoes, presuming his body would be handed
to his family after the execution. His final
poem, Mi último adios, was hidden in an oil
lamp which was passed to his family along
with his remaining few possessions and his
burial requests.  

• The firing squad consisted of eight Filipinos

armed with Remington rifles. Stationed behind
them were eight Spanish soldiers armed with
Mausers, with orders to shoot any executioner
who failed to carry out his duty.

.
 Later Life
• Only one live bullet was put into the rifles; the rest
contained blanks. They knew of his innocence,
and meant to assuage any guilt. His execution
photo includes the dog which was the firing
squad’s mascot. After he was shot, the dog is said
to have run whining around the corpse as a
soldier fired a final shot into Rizal’s head to
ensure he was dead

• The Spanish authorities buried him in an

unmarked grave and the papers Rizal had hidden
about his person disintegrated. His sister Narcisi
found a guarded graveyard with a freshly dug
grave which she knew must be his, and marked
the grave RPJ, her brother’s initials in reverse.
 

.
 Later Life
• A section of vertebrae which was damaged by
a bullet was retained by Rizal’s family and is
now on display in the Rizal Shrine in Fort
Santiago, Manilla.

• His last words echoed those of Christ:

“Consummatum est”. “It is finished.”

• Rizal was less a revolutionary than a writer

who challenged the colonial status quo.
Although his death was ultimately attributed to
his writing, his dissenting works did have the
effect of destroying Spain’s hold over the
Philippines. Two years after his death Spain
lost control of the Philippines, but it wasn’t until
1946 that independence was granted.
 Remember!
 

“One only dies once, and if one does not die

well, a good opportunity is lost and will not
present itself again.” José Rizal

“He who does not know how to look back at

where he came from will never get to his
destination.” José Rizal
 Retrieve From:
 

https://www.thefamouspeople.com/profiles
/dr-jos-protasio-rizal-mercado-y-alonso-2000
.php

https://biography.yourdictionary.com/answe
rs/biography/jose-rizal-life-timeline.html

https://onthehill.info/2019/09/the-colourful
-life-and-death-of-jose-rizal/