Historical Foundation of

Curriculum in the

H I L IP P I N E S
P nd around the world!
aa
THE TEACHER AND THE SCHOOL CURRICULUM - BECE 2-II-15 2PROFED06

 RESENTERS
P

Anya Nicole Aivy Joyce Christine Joy

Segura Arches Balabbo
 RESENTERS
P

Sophianicole Go Erika Mae Ortilano Angelou Delfin

 RESENTERS
P

Edralyn Agnes Maybeline Cagara Reigne Almira Credo

Mabuhay!
BECED II-15
Let's travel!
buckle up, and enjoy the ride!
 TI ON S
HI ST OR IC AL FO UN DA
OF CU RR IC UL UM

curriculum in
anccient egypt

3000 BCE–300 BCE

TE AC HE R AN YA
What do you think are
the educational goals
in the ancient egypt?
L O O K A N D FIND OUT!
A
LET'S TAKE
 TH E RE VE AL

men are to lead

To prepare priest-
scribes to administer
the empire.

Males of upper classes.

 CLASSIC EGY
PTIANS! !
they even developed
their own writing
system!

a hieroglyphic script that enabled

them to create and transmit a
written culture.
 Egyptians love
systems
B O T H W O R LDLY AND
THEY ARE F E D U C A TION.
I N TERMS O
RW O R L D Y
OTHE

They developed technologies to irrigate the Nile

Valley and to design and build the massive pyramids and temples.
 W?
DID YOU KNO

afrocentrism and
afrocentric

CO NT RO VE RS Y!

some of the roots of Greek thought may be

traced to Egypt or elsewhere.
Martin Bernal argues that the Greeks
borrowed many of their concepts about
government, philosophy, the arts, sciences,
and medicine from ancient Egypt.
 TI ON S
HI ST OR IC AL FO UN DA
OF CU RR IC UL UM

torical
am Hi s
Isl n of
nd a t io
Fou on
c at i
Edu
 Islamic scholars

translated the texts of leading

ancient Greek authors.
was reintroduced to Western
education.
astronomy, mathematics, and
medicine.
 W?
DID YOU KNO

Kuttab

it is where young students

were educated in a primary
school,
 Education in
Ancient Chinese
Civilization
 IN CHINA... !
The aim of education is
to prepare elite
officials to govern the
empire according to
confucian principles.
 Instructional Methods
-memorization and
recitation of the classic text

Curriculum
- Confucian Classics

Agents
-Government officials

Influences on Modern
Education
-Written examination for civil
service and other profession
Where to Go?
TARA NA SA
MAYNILA!
Welcome to the Philippines II-15!
PRE -SPANISH CURRICULUM
They did not not have an organized system of education or what
they call informal education.

The journals of Fr. Chirino, attest to the historical facts that "the
inhabitants were civilized people, possessing their system of
writing, laws, and moral standards in a well-organized
government system.
PRE -SPANISH CURRICULUM
The objective of the Pre-Hispanic Education was basically to
promote reverence for, and adoration of Bathala,
respect for laws, customs, and authorities represented
by parents and elders.

There was no established written curriculum

SPANISH CURRICULUM
It consisted of 3R's : reading, writing, and religion.
The school were parochial and convent school.
The main reading materials were the cartilla, the
caton and the catecismo.
During the spanish period and by virtue of
educational decree 1863 free public school system
was establsihed.
There was one school for boys and
girls in every municipality.
The spanish missionaries served as a
teacher.
Philippine Revolution 1896-1899

•Illustrados - Ilustrados are defined

as the Filipino educated class during
the Spanish colonial era in the late
19th century.

•They spear headed the Propaganda

Movement.
Philippine Revolution 1896-1899

Propaganda Movement - Curricular reforms

encompassed the activities of a
group of Filipinos who called for 1. Secularization of education.
political reforms in their land in 2.Instruction of Spanish.
the late 19th century, and 3.Greater attention to natural science.
4.The design of a relevant curriculum.
produced books, leaflets and
5. Improvement of higher centers of learning.
newspaper articles to educate
6.Improvement of educational system.
others about their goals and
issues they were trying to solve.
Philippine Revolution 1896-1899

1.Disproportionate focus on religion CURRICULUM

2.Discourage the attempt of Science Language
Filipino students to speak in Spanish Math P.E
History Religion
3.Lack of pedagogical skills
Philosophy Music
4.Irrelevant courses in the Law
curriculum Social Sciences
AMERICAN OCCUPATION
1898-1935

Spirit of Democracy
The curriculum was based on American traditions
and hierarchy
Americans Soldiers was the first teacher
Thomasites
AMERICAN OCCUPATION 1898-1935

3-4 year Primary 2-year Intermediate Curriculum

Curriculum
-Grammar and Composition
-GMRC -Reading and Spelling
-Civics -Science Courses
-Hygiene and Sanitation -Physiology
-Geography -Hygiene and Sanitation
-Intensive teaching of Geography
AMERICAN OCCUPATION 1898-1935

Shortening of elementary curriculum to 6 years

3 Levels of Education
-Elementary, Secondary, College

The curriculum gives importance to technical and vocational skills.

-Vocationalized
-Included vocational courses like farming, trade, business, domestic services,
and agricultural education
-Athletic program on Physical Education (PE subject)
AMERICAN OCCUPATION 1898-1935

Government established Normal School for future teachers.

Courses include;
-Methods of teaching -History and Government
-Practice teaching -Social Sciences
-Psychology -Physical Education
-Mathematics
-Language
-Science
COMMONWEALTH PERIOD 1935-1942

•The Commonwealth curriculum is also known as the

Period of expansion, and reform in the Philippines
Curriculum.
•President Quezon created the National Council of
Education in 1936 as an advisory body on
educational matters.
Aims of Education as provided by the 1935
constitution:
•To develop moral character, personal discipline, civic
conscience, vocational effieciency, and to teach the duties
of citizenship
•To promote democratic ideals and way of life

•Curricular emphasis was on, character

education and citizenship training.
Executive Order no. 134 in 1936
Designed tagalog as the basis of the national languange

Executive Order no. 263 in 1940

Required teaching of the national languange in the senior
year of all high school and all years in normal school.

Commonwealth Act no. 589 in 1940

Established a school ritual in all public and private
elementary and secondary schools
 COMMONWEALTH ACT NO. 586 or
The Education Act of 1940

a.reduction of year in elementray from seven to six

b.children admission to school to 7 years old
c.compulsary attendance in Grade 1
d.introduction of double-single session- one from
morning and afternoon with one same teacher
J A P A N E S E C U R R I C U LUM
6 BASIC PRINCIPLES OF JAPANESE EDUCATION

1. Realization of New Order and promote friendly relations

between Japan and Philippines to the farthest extent.
2. Foster a new Filipino culture based.
3. Endeavor to elevate the morals of the people, giving up over
emphasis to materialism.
4. Diffusion of the Japanese language in the Philippines.
5. Promotion of Vocational Education.
6. To inspire people with the spirit of love and labor.
J A P A N E S E C U R R I C U LUM
• Japanese discarded textbooks or certain portions in them that
contained liberal and democratic ideas.
• They banned the singing of American songs.
• Nihonggo as a means of introducing and cultivating love for
Japanese culture.
• The Japanese required teachers and principals to render
service on Saturdays.
• The school calendar become longer; class size increased to 60
students per session.
J A P A N E S E C U R R I C U LUM
• No summer vacation for students.
• They included the teaching tradition subject for
elementary education like reading, writing, phonics, and
spelling.
• At the secondary level, the greater emphasis was on the
study of Japanese language.
 MARTIAL LAW
September 1972 - The Philippine was placed under
Martial Law
New Society - Bagong Lipunan
1972 - Department of Education and Culture
1978 - Ministry of Education and Culture
Education Act of 1982 - Ministry of Education,
Culture, and Sports
 MARTIAL LAW
Aim: Promote national development and values education.
The national budget appropriates the highest allocation for
education.

SIGNIFICANT REFORMS
Bilingual Education Policy was established
Some subjects are taught in English laguage like Science, Math,
and Literature, while the rest were taught in Filipino.
 MARTIAL LAW
Trifocalization of DECS was recommended (1991)
Department of Education (DepEd)
Technical Education and Skills Development
Authority (TESDA)
Commission on Higher Education (CHED)
 MARTIAL LAW
Establishment of Teacher Education Center of
Excellence
Professionalization of Teachers
Technical-Vocational Education reform
 PRESENT
The Bilingual Policy in education was reiterated in the
1987 Constitution of the Philippines.
The R.A. 9155 or Governance of Basic Education Act
was passed, thus renaming the Department of
Education, Culture, and Sports (DECS) to Departement
of Education (DepEd).
 PRESENT
The Department of Education (DepEd) aims to address
the major problems affecting public education due to
post-war year.
Private schools were able to offer more facilities but
are also more expensive.
 PRESENT
Variety of Private Schools
all-boys/all girls schools
religious schools
non-sectarian schools
international schools

K-12 PROGRAM (R.A.10533)

Implemented in the year 2012-2013
Kindergarten as part of the compulsory education system
New curriculum for Grades 1 to Grade 7
Introduction of Grade 11 and 12
Learner-centered, inclusive and developmetally
appropriate
K-12 PROGRAM (R.A.10533)
CURRICULUM TRACKS
Academic
Accountancy, Business, Management (ABM)
Humanities and Social Sciences (HumSS)
Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics
(STEM)
General Academic Strand (GAS)
K-12 PROGRAM (R.A.10533)
CURRICULUM TRACKS
Technical-Vocational-Livelihood
Sports Track
Arts and Design Track
Salamat!
Thank you for listening