English VI Unit 2

KNOWING A
SECOND
LANGUAGE
Lessons Objectives

• Learners will be speaking and learning about a

second language.

• Learners will become familiar with words and

phrases related to the topic, identify and use
past and present tenses to talk about learning
a second language.
Why is it important to know
more than one language?
Answer the questions
• When did you start learning English?

• Who speaks English in your family?

• Do your friends or children (nephews or nieces) speak English?

Languages spoken
in the world
https://www.ethnologue.com/guides/how-many-languages
English is an
offical language in
83 countries, and
is widely spoken in
55 other countries.
Why are you learning English?

Travel the world School or university It’s fun Make new friends

Make more money Watch movies Love and romance Improve job and
employment opportunities
How can you improve your
English language skills?
Skills Common Problems
Listening

Speaking

Reading

Writing
Tips for learning English
a) Do you remember the conversation from the computer lesson? Match the advice to the problems.

Problems
1. I find it difficult to read long articles in English. ____________
2. Sometimes, people speak too quicky in English. _____________
3. I want to participate in conversations, but i am afraid of making mistakes. ___________
4. How do I know if I am using the correct grammar? _____________

Advice
a) Don’t worry about making mistakes. You will learn from them and your speaking skill will improve.
b) Don’t let it overwhelm you. Just read one sentence at a time.
c) Practice a lot, and find an English speaker who knows grammar well.
d) Ask them politely to speak more slowly.
Match the following words with the definitions
vocabulary • native speaker • culture • multilingual • informal • bilingual • monolingual • formal • raise • personality

Able to speak and understand two Able to speak and understand several
1 languages very well. 6 languages.

Ideas, behaviours, customs, and arts Someone who grew up speaking the
2 of a particular society.. 7 language where they were born.

Emotions, ways of behaving, etc. that makes

3 Official, proper. 8 a person different from other people.

To bring up or look after a child as they

4 Casual, relaxed, not so proper. 9 grow up.

Able to speak and understand only

5 one language. 10 Words that make up a language.
Introduction
a) Complete the conversation using the words below.

raised • bilingual • native speaker’s • culture • vocabulary

Liam: bilingual
So, Rina, I hear you are (1) ____________________ !

Rina: raised
Yep, I speak Japanese and English. I was (2) ____________________ speaking both
languages.
Liam: vocabulary
I’m studying Japanese now. But I need to improve my (3) ____________________ .
Rina: I can help you!
Liam: native speaker’s help!
That’s a great idea! I could use a (4) _____________________
Rina: culture
There is also a lot to learn about Japanese (5) __________________ in addition to the
language.
Liam: OK. I would love to learn. When can we start?
Knowing a Second Language
Identify the tenses

1. I took an Arabic class a year ago.

2. Margot often speaks French on business trips to Monaco.

3. Mr. Gomez was teaching a Spanish class from 7:00 to 9:00 last night.

4. We are studying English at the moment.

Present Simple vs. Present Continuous

PRESENT SIMPLE PRESENT CONTINUOUS

Always Right now

Often At the moment
Usually These days
Sometimes Now
Generally Nowadays
Rarely !!!!!
Hardly ever
Never
What does FRANK do on Saturdays?
What are they doing?
Past Simple

I cleaned the kitchen last night.

I ate apple pie yesterday for dessert.

I went to the university yesterday morning.

I didn’t watch TV yesterday.

Past Continuous
Two events in past. One before another one.

Subj + verb be in past + verb (ing) + ros.

I was driving yesterday morning on my

way to the university.

While = ongoing action

When = interrupted action

While and When

While

WHILE I was driving on my way to the university, I received a phone call.

When

I was driving on my way to the university, WHEN I received a phone call.

Complete the sentences using past simple or
past continuous
Complete Leonardo’s journal entry by writing the words
in the correct form of the past and present tenses.

Dear Diary,
am writing
I (1) __________________ (write) to you from a bus in Costa Rica. So far, our trip is
speak
great! Every day, I (2) ________________(speak) a lot of Spanish! It’s a good thing
decided
I (3) __________________ (decide) to work on my language skills before the trip!
love went
I (4) ___________(love) meeting new people here. Yesterday, we (5) ____________ (go)
were having (have) such a fun time when
Hiking in a rain forest. We (6) _______________
started
suddenly it (7) ______________ ran
(start) to rain! We (8) ______________ (run) to the bus
and went back to the hotel. Tomorrow we have exciting day planned!
Benefits of Bilingualism and
Multilingualism Improves mental
flexibility and
Numerous studies problem solving
confirm the benefits of skills.
bilingualism and Helps to ward
multilingualism. off dementia
Able to absorb new in old age.
information easily.

Expands worldview and

intercultural connections.
C A T

• Enhanced ability to differentiate sound and

Seeing and using
tones.
information in new ways.
• Better rhyming blending; segmenting skills.
• Learn new languages faster.
How do you feel
when you make a
mistake in English?
What is a Tip?
Advice, suggestion, recommendation, useful idea, etc.

• Let me give you a tip. (giving advice)

• Do you have any other suggestions? (requesting advice)
• Don't worry about that. (giving advice)
• What do you find most difficult? (giving advice)
• That's a good idea! (requesting advice)
Elements/Skills of language learning
Reading, writing, speaking, listening, grammar / vocabulary

• I want to improve my ...

• I don't … very well.
• My biggest problem is…
• It's hard for me to…
Before Giving an advice….
• What do you want to focus on?
• What's your biggest problem when you…?
• What do you find the most difficult?

Make Suggestions
• Try to…
• Why not…
• Don't be…
• I guess you should…
 Learning another language is not only learning
different words for the same things, but learning
another way to thing about things.

- Flora Lewis -