CELL THEORY &

COMPONENTS OF ALL
CELLS
WHAT IS A CELL?
The cell is the smallest unit of matter that
can carry on all the processes of life.
HISTORY OF CELLS

• In 1665, an English scientist,

Robert Hooke discovered and came
up with the name “cells” while
looking through a microscope at a
piece of cork.
• Hooked call them “cells” because
they looked like the small rooms
that monks lived in called cells.
ZACHARIAS JANSEEN(1590)

• Dutch spectaclemaker.

• He invented the first compound

microscope.
 ANTONIE VAN
LEEUWENHOEK(1673)
• Father of microscopy and
•
Microbiology
• Upgraded Janssen’s
microscope and produced
his lens. He was the first to
view organism(living
things) like bacteria, red
blood cells.
• Called them “Animalcules”
ROBERT BROWN (1831)

• Scottish botanist and paleobotanist.

• Discovered “nucleus” within the cells.
 SPONTANEOUS GENERATION THEORY

 Was the idea or belief that living organisms comes from non- living
matter
Ex.
Mice from dirty clothes/corn husk
Maggots from rotting meat
FRANCESCO REDI (1668)

• Italian Physician
• First disproved the theory of
spontaneous generation.
• “omni vivum ex vivo” means ALL
LIVING THINGS COMES FROM
LIVING THINGS.
MATTHIAS JAKOB SCHLEIDEN(1838)

• German Botanist
• Contributed to the creation of the
cell theory
• Concluded to the creation of cell
theory
THEODOR SCHWANN(1839)

• German Zoologist
• Contributed to the creation
of the cell theory
• Concluded that all animals
are made of cells
RUDOLF VIRCHOW(1855)

• German Pathologist (study of

disease)

• Concluded that cells arise from pre-

existing cells

• “Omnis Cellula e Cellula”

THREE PRINCIPLES OF CELL THEORY

01 All living things are composed of cells.

02 Cells are the basic unit of structure and functions in living things.

03 All cells come from pre-existing cells.

COMPONENTS OF ALL
CELLS
ANIMAL CELL PLANT CELL
 CELL MEMBRANE
 aka Plasma Membrane
 “security guard”
 Controls the kind of substance
that enters and exits the cells
 CYTOPLASM
 a jelly-like substance
 contains the organelles of the
cell
ORGANELLES
 are specialized part of the cell
that perform specific functions
 NUCLEUS
 contains the DNA
 “brain of the cell”
 It controls all the activities
inside the cell
 MITOCHONDRION
 “powerhouse of the cell”
 It releases the energy needed
for cell activities
 Supply energy by undergoing
cellular respiration
 RIBOSOMES
 “protein factories of the cell”
 Carry out the instructions
coming out from the nucleus
to synthesize proteins.
 NUCLEOLUS
 where ribosomes are produce
 ROUGH
ENDOPLASMIC
RETICULUM
 Presences of ribosome
 Involved in the production of
various proteins in the cell,
antibodies, insulin as well as
transportation of proteins into the
smooth ER
 SMOOTH
ENDOPLASMIC
RETICULUM
 no ribosomes
 involved in the synthesis of lipids
and carbohydrates that are used
to build the cell membrane
 GOLGI BODIES
 “mailman of the cell”
 responsible for
transporting, modifying and
packaging proteins and
lipids into vesicles for
delivery to targeted
destinations
 VACUOLE
 “storage rooms of the cells”
 membrane bound structure
which main function is for
storage of food, water,and even
waste
 LYSOSOMES
 “suicide bags of the cell”
 act as the waste disposal of the
cell by digesting or breaking
down the trash or unneeded
material in the cytoplasm
 CHLOROPLAST
 contain the pigment chloropyll
that captures energy from
sunlight for photosynthesis
 the site of photosynthesis
 CELL WALL
 outer covering positioned next
to the cell membrane in most
plant cells,fungi, bacteria,algae
and some archaea
 made of cellulose that protect,
support and give plants their
shape
 Thank you
for listening.
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