READING

APPROACH
 Reading approach or reading
method was first devised for English
learners in India and French or
German learners in the United
States of America who have not the
time to master the “active” or oral
use of the language. It has also been
advocated in England for pupils of
inferior language-learning ability.
Reading approach is like GTM
(Grammar Translation
Method) since it also stressed
on written skills.
 Reading
-is an action or skill .
- Making meaning from print

Word Comprehension
Recognition

Constructing an
Identifying
understanding in
words in print
print
Quick Activity:
CONFIGURATION
GAME
• GUESS THE HIDDEN
WORDS THAT ARE
ASSOCIATED WITH
READING THROUGH
CONFIGURATION.
THEORY OF
LANGUAGE
THEORY OF LANGUAGE

•  Reading approach is a way

to start teaching beginning
readers.
•  It is based on cognitive
theory originally
conceptualized by Albert
Bandura
 ALBERT BANDURA
is an influential social cognitive
psychologist who is perhaps best
known for his social learning
theory, the concept of self-
efficacy, and his famous Bobo
doll experiments. He is a
Professor Emeritus at Stanford
University and is widely
regarded as one of the greatest
living psychologists.
 The Social Cognitive Theory
The Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) started as the
Social Learning Theory (SLT) in 1960’s by Albert
Bandura. It developed into the SCT in 1986 and
posits that learning occurs in a social context with
a dynamic and reciprocal interaction of the
person, environment and behavior.

The Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) is a

theoretical perspective in which learning
by observing others is the focus of the
study.
 What to know about the Social
Learning Theory:

People Mental states Learning does not

learn are important necessary lead to
through to learning behavioural
observation change
 How are you going to
convince a child to read
at his/her very young
age?
Is READING essential?
ASSESSMENT
 Directions:
1. Form a group with 7
members
2. Discuss the importance of reading, by
means of acronym.
3. R-E-A-D-I-N-G
RELATING,EXPRESSING,AFFECTING,D
EVELOPING, INQUIRING,NOTE-
TAKING,GROWING
4. Each member will explain the
importance of reading by means of those
words
LESSON 2
THEORY OF
LEARNING
THEORY OF LEARNING

•  Reading Comprehension
level of understanding
•  Round Robin reading
following a set order
ROUND ROBIN
READING

Refers to one student is

reading while the other
listens
 READING
COMPREHENSION

Is the ability of a reader to

integrate a variety of skills in
which to process and understand
a given text.
 FIVE ESSENTIAL
ASPECTS OF READING
COMPREHENSION

1. Identify the main idea of a

text and its details
2. Sequencing of events from
beginning, middle and end
 FIVE ESSENTIAL
ASPECTS OF READING
COMPREHENSION
3. Answering the recall
questions of who, what, when
and where
4. Making predictions
5. Learning unfamiliar
vocabulary
READING
COMPREHENSION LEVEL
OF UNDERSTANDING
Inferential
Literal Level
Level

Critical/Evaluative
Level
LEVELS OF COMPREHENSION
CAN BE ARRANGE AS
HIERARCHY

CRITICA
L or
EVALUATI
VE
INFERENTI
AL
LITERA
L
 LITERAL
LEVEL
1. It is the basic understanding of
text
2. Most basic form of
comprehension
3. Must be developed first
4. It applies the first three essential
aspects of comprehension
WHAT ARE THE FIRST
THREE ESSENTIAL
ASPECTS OF
COMPREHENSION?
 INFERENTIAL
LEVEL
1. Refers to the meaning of a text
that is derived using clues
2. Requires critical thinking skills
to garner understanding
3. Requires you to think about the
text and draw conclusions
 EVALUATIVE LEVEL

1. Refers to what the text is telling

us about
2. Requires you to analyse what
you’ve read
3. Forming an opinion based on
the information
WHAT HAVE YOU
NOTICED ABOUT
THE SETS OF SAMPLE QUESTIONS
QUESTIONS?
HOW DO YOU FEEL ABOUT
THE WAY BILLY AND AKIRA
HANDLED THE CONFLICT? IS
THAT HOW YOU WOULD
CRITICAL HANDLE IT?
or
EVALUATIVE WHY DO YOU THINK
AKIRA DID THAT TO
BILLY?
INFERENTIA
L WHAT HAPPENED
LITERAL TO BILLY’S TOWER?
Various Approaches begin
by:

 Teaching learners to get

meaning from whole chunks of
text
 Teaching whole words and
going on to larger chunks of
text
 Teaching whole words and
breaking them down into smaller
parts
 Teaching parts of words and
putting them together into whole
words, or
 Teaching meaning, whole
words, and parts of words from
the very beginning.
TYPES OF TEACHING
AND LEARNING
ACTIVITIES
Reading is an active skill which
involves inference, guessing,
predicting etc. It also has, more
often than not, a communicative
function.
SKIMMING
 SKIMMING
•  It is an activity to read shorter
texts to extract accurate detailed
information.
• Skimming is used to quickly
identify the main ideas of a text.
• Skimming is done at a speed three
to four times faster than normal
reading.
 WHEN DO WE
USUALLY SKIM?
 SKIMMING

People often skim when

they have lots of material
to read in a limited
amount of time.
IS SKIMMING
HELPFUL?

WHEN DOES
SKIMMING IS
USEFUL?
 SKIMMING IS USEFUL

 Skimming works well to

find and memorize dates,
names, and places. It might
be used to review graphs,
tables, and charts.
SCANNING
 SCANNING

•  It is a quickly reading a text to

get the gist of it. Scanning is a
technique that often use when
looking up a word in the
telephone book or dictionary.
 SCANNING

•  The students search for key

words or ideas. Scanning involves
moving eyes quickly down the
page seeking specific words and
phrases.
 SCANNING

•  When scanning, the students look

for the use of organizers such as
numbers, letters, steps, or the words,
first, second, or next. They look for
words that are bold faced, italics, or
in a different font size, style, or color.
EXTENSIVE
READING
 EXTENSIVE READING
• Extensive reading is a reading longer
text, usually for pleasure.
• Extensive Reading is the free reading
of books and other written material
that is not too difficult nor too easy.
• Extensive Reading is sometimes called
Free Voluntary Reading.
Activity
 Explain using 3-5 sentences

1. How does reading influenced your

life?
2. Why is reading seen as a routine in
day to day life?
3. Give a brief summary about the
essence of reading in today’s
generation?
4. Discuss the importance of
skimming, scanning and extensive
reading?