Presentation topic:

“National Conservation
Strategy (NCS)
Brief review of major
problems of Pakistan &
their solutions”
Group Members

Muniba Naseer (77)

Iqra Gulzar (268)
Iqra Bibi (279)
Nelofar (339)
Sumbal Nisar (15)
Saba Babar (278)
Table of Content

 Introduction of Conservation and National

Conservation Strategy
 Objectives
 Principles
 Priority Areas
 Implementation of NCS
 Major Problems
 References
Muniba Naseer
Roll no 77
Topic Conservation and NCS
Submitted to Mam Saima Azhar
Date 3,June,2022
Group no 5
Conservation
Definition:

“The protection, preservation,

management, or
restoration of natural environments and the
ecological communities that inhabit them”
Conservation
 Conservation of nature means the protection of
species from extinction or harm.
 It can include maintaining and restoring habitats.
 It also protects biological diversity as well as
preventing the wasteful use of resources.
Why should we conserve
biodiversity?
 Balance of nature
 Commercial value of wildlife
 Biological studies
 Sports and recreation
 To preserve diversity of species
National Conservation Strategy

The Pakistan National Conservation Strategy

(NCS), approved the government on March 1, 1992.
Provides a broad framework for addressing
environmental concerns in the country.
NCS was prepared by comprehensive consultative
process with the technical and financial assistance of
Canadian International Development Agency
(CIDA).
National Conservation Strategy
 NCS was prepared by a team of experts over a
three year period through a partnership between
the government of Pakistan and the World
Conservation Union (IUCN).
 It involved more than 3,000 people through
workshops and direct and indirect consultations.
 NCS was approved by the Federal Cabinet of
Pakistan on 1 March 1992.
Iqra Gulzar
Roll no 268
Topic NCS ( Ojevtives, Principles &
Priority Areas)
Submitted to Mam Saima Azhar
Date 3,June,2022.
Group no 5
Iqra Bibi
Roll no 279
Topic Implementation of NCS & Major
problems of NCS (Water management)
Submitted to Mam Saima Azhar
Date 3, June , 2022
Group no 5
Implementing NCS

The NCS cannot be succeed without the

cooperation of the people of Pakistan, it’s
ultimate resource.
They are as creative as any people on earth and
resourceful in the most basic sense: they try to
use resources wisely, and to take advantage of
improvements that becomes available.
Implementing NCS

The creativity of Pakistanis could be further

unleashed if their health, education, income,
job, security and shelter needs were better met.
It is certainly true that this is made difficult by
too rapid a growth in their numbers, which puts
a strain on natural and societal resources.
Implementing NCS

But the people themselves are not in the

problem, indeed, they must be part of the
solution.
That is why the National Conservation
Strategy is addressed to the people of Pakistan.
Water Management

Policies
 Priorities to increase irrigation effectiveness.
 Promote biological approach and engineering solutions
to solve problems of salinity sodality and water logging.
Measures
 Farmer oriented conservation programmes
Water Management
 Community participation is needed as much in
watershed management as it is in improving irrigation
efficiencies.
 Multi disciplinary team of experts – coordinate all the
elements needed for controlling excessive soil erosion
and protecting farmer’s fields
 Efforts to protect watersheds can reduce flooding and
improve agricultural productivity in downstream areas.
Nelofar
Roll no 339
Topic Problems of NCS
(Croplands, Irrigation & Forestry and
Plantation)
Submitted to Mam Saima Azhar
Date 3, June, 2022
Group no 5
Croplands

Policies
Prevent overuse, degradation, erosion and improve fertility of soil
Measures
Seven programmes and an investment of Rs. 28 billion – the largest
in any one programme area in the NCS – are suggested for the next
decade to maintain soils in croplands:
 Saline agriculture
Increased organic manure application
Croplands
 Biological pumpage by phtreatophytes,and field
surface drainage.
 Gypsum application on sodic soils.
 Green manuring by leguminous crops.
 Direct or indirect return to the soil of crop
residues.
 Soil conservation works in rainfed croplands.
Irrigation

Measures
To increase irrigation efficiency, an investment of Rs.
18.5 billion is suggested in four programmes:
 Irrigation system rehabilitation
 Command water management
 On farm water management
 Improved water harvesting in torrent irrigated areas.
Forestry & Plantations

Policies
Use forest resources sustainable and preserve and manage on a
representative basis some old forests to maintain the bank of
biodiversity.
Measures
The NCS recommends investing Rs. 5.84 billion over the next
decade to support forests and plantations through six programmes:
 Linear plantation
Forestry & Plantations

 Community forestry
 Urban plantations
 Intensive management of critical forest areas
 Afforestation on marginal private lands by
land owners
 Courtyard or social forestry.
Sumbal Nisar
Roll no 15
Topic Problems of NCS
( Rangelands and livestock, Waterbodies and
fisheries & biodiversity)
Submitted to Mam Saima Azhar
Date 3, june, 2022
Group no 5
 Rangelands & livestock

Policies
Make farming operations better by driving high yield variety of
fodder, good quality of roughage for increasing quality and quantity.
Measures
To restore rangelands and improve livestock quality, three
programmes and an investment of Rs. 2.56 billion are called for:
 Community based range management
Rangelands & livestock

 Selective sand dune stabilization

 Disseminating high yield variety fodder and
improve quality.
Waterbodies & fisheries

Policies
Protect and restore fishing habitats, with harvesting restricted to the level
of annual sustainable yields.
Measures
Seven programmes and an investment of Rs.1.3 billion are suggested in
order to protect water bodies and sustain fisheries:
 Sustaining mangroves under reduced freshwater inflows.
 Improved handling of marine catch.
Waterbodies & fisheries
 Ancillary employment programme for fishers.
 Use of wastelands for fish farming.
 Integration of fish farming into agro-pastoral systems.
Pen fish culture in small reservoirs using fruit or
vegetable wastes.
 Promotion of integrated pest management.
Biodiversity

Policies
Increase the numbers of national parks and game reserves.
Measures
To conserve biodiversity, the NCS recommends investing Rs. 1.08
billion in seven programmes:
 Management of national parks and protected areas.
 Development of new national parks.
Biodiversity
 Development of new wetland reserves.
 A medical botanics and germplasm preservation
programme.
 Community management of game reserves.
 Programmes for endangered species.
 captive breeding in the private sector.
Saba Babar
Roll no 278
Topic Problems of NCS
( Energy, Pollution control and Urban
waste)
Submitted to Mam Saima Azhar
Date 3, June, 2022
Group no 5
Energy

Policies
Expand the use of coal to meet short term, electricity demand requirements,
based on the least polluting technology and current emission standards.
Measures
The five programmes to increase energy efficiency over the next decade
require the third largest investment called for in the NCS – Rs. 21.5 billion:
 Energy conservation in large industries.
 Energy conservation in buildings, retrofits, and appliances.
Energy

 Energy Conservation by reducing transmission and

distribution losses.
 Energy efficient cooking programmes.
 Cogenerstion in industrial units.

Renewable Energy
Measures
 Developing and deploying biogas units.
 Energy from woodfuel plantations.
Energy
 Developing and deploying open core gasifiers
and solid state fermentation units.
 Developing and deploying solar water heaters
and solar cookers.
 Developing and deploying windmill pumps.
 Development of micro and mini hydel plants.
 Applied research and development of wind
energy farms.
Pollution Control

Policies
Adopt domestic waste water treatment technologies that provide for
recovery and reuse of water, nutrients and organic matter.
Measures
Preventing and abating pollution requires the second largest
investment called for in the NCS – Rs. 22 billion for seven
programmes over the next decade:
 Shifting industry composition towards environmentally benign
processes and products.
Pollution Control

 Integrating clean, low waste technology in new large

manufacturing.
 Retrofitting of pollution abatement equipment in existing
formal industry.
Collection and treatment of wastes of urban small industries.
 Refineries upgrading programmes.
Vehicle tune up and related programmes.
 setting up compressed natural gas stations.
Urban Waste

Policies
Promote reuse and recycling
Make scavenging system effective
Measures
To manage urban wastes in the next 10 years, the NCS recommends spending
Rs. 13.35 billion on four programmes:
 Garbage collection and disposal
 Energy from waste plants
 Waste water treatment of livestock farms
 Construction of oxidation ditches and other biological treatment of waste.
References

 www.slideshare.net
 www.welfarebiology.com
 Conservation & methodologies pdf
 www.sciencedirect.com